PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 RECORD_TYPE = STREAM OBJECT = TEXT PUBLICATION_DATE = 2011-02-15 NOTE = "Delivery 1" END_OBJECT = TEXT END Chandrayaan-1 Mini-RF Mini-SAR Instrument Science Data Archive GEOMINFO.TXT 28 December 2010 Mini-RF POC Team Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory ============================================================================= INTRODUCTION ============================================================================= The GEOMETRY directory contains the SPICE kernel files created for the Chandrayaan-1 mission and any Mini-SAR (Forerunner) instrument kernels which were used in the processing of archived products. SPICE kernels are provided and archived here, since they are not archived at the Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF) PDS node as is usually the case. These kernels are all formatted in accordance with NAIF SPICE conventions. In some ways, the NAIF conventions differ from the regular PDS standards. This data set contains navigation and related observation geometry and other ancillary data in the form of SPICE system kernel files for the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft. See the file CATALOG/MISSION.CAT in the for a description of the mission and the file CATALOG/INSTHOST.CAT for a description of the spacecraft. The SPICE kernel files contain geometric and other ancillary information needed to recover the full value of science instrument data. Data in the SPICE kernel files must be accessed using the NAIF software called the SPICE Toolkit. The latest SPICE Toolkit is available for a variety of computer platforms at the NAIF Node of the PDS. It can be obtained electronically via anonymous FTP: ftp://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/toolkit A few additional utility programs for making and modifying SPICE kernels, including a tool (BINGO) that can converts either binary or text kernels from one format to another, are available at the NAIF Node of the PDS electronically via anonymous FTP: ftp://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/utilities The latest complete set of SPICE System tutorials is available at the NAIF Node of PDS electronically via anonymous FTP: ftp://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/toolkit_docs/Tutorials The latest complete set of "hands-on" lessons to assist new users in learning fundamentals of programming with SPICE modules is available at the NAIF Node of PDS electronically via anonymous FTP: ftp://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/toolkit_docs/Lessons This directory contains the SPICE kernels used in processing Mini-SAR data for the entire Chandrayaan-1 mission. It contains only kernels relevant to the archived Mini-SAR (Forerunner) data products. ============================================================================= DIRECTORY CONTENTS ============================================================================= data/spk/*.BSP Spacecraft and planetary ephemeris kernels (SPK). data/ck/*.BC Spacecraft attitude kernels (CK). data/fk/*.TF Instrument frame kernels (FK). data/sclk/*.TSC Spacecraft clock coefficients kernels (SCLK). data/lsk/*.LSK Leap seconds kernel (LSK). data/pck/*.TPC Planetary constants kernels (PCK). data/pck/*.BPC Directory Structure ------------------- --[GEOMETRY/data] Directory containing SPICE data files (kernels). | |--[ck] Directory containing CK files. | | | |-- ckinfo.txt Description of files in the ck directory. | |-- *.BC ISRO 'predicted' CK files. | +-- *.lbl PDS labels for CK files. | |--[fk] Directory containing FK file(s). | | | |-- fkinfo.txt Description of files in the fk directory. | |-- *.tf FK file(s). | +-- *.lbl PDS labels for FK files. | |--[lsk] Directory containing LSK files. | | | |-- lskinfo.txt Description of files in the lsk directory. | |-- *.tsc LSK file(s). | +-- *.lbl PDS labels for LSK files. | |--[sclk] Directory containing SCLK file(s). | | | |-- sclkinfo.txt Description of files in the sclk directory. | |-- *.TSC SCLK file(s). | +-- *.lbl PDS labels for SCLK files. | |--[spk] Directory containing SPK files. | | | |-- spkinfo.txt Description of files in the spk directory. | |-- *.BSP SPK files. | +-- *.lbl PDS labels for SPK files. | +--[pck] Directory containing PCK files. | |-- pckinfo.txt Description of files in the pck directory. |-- *.tpc Text PCK file. |-- *.bpc Binary PCK file. +-- *.lbl PDS labels for PCK files. --[EXTRAS] +--[mk] Directory containing metakernel file. | |-- mkinfo.txt Description of the file in the mk directory. +-- *.tm Text metakernel file. This archive volume does not contain error (EK) or instrument (IK) kernels. ============================================================================= FILE FORMATS ============================================================================= The kernels and metakernels contained in this archive volume follow the NAIF PDS standards which differ from the regular PDS standards in several ways: Text SPICE kernels have the Unix-style line feed(ASCII 10) end of line (EOL) marker rather than the PDS standard carriage return (ASCII 13) and line-feed (ASCII 10) . All binary kernels have been converted to big-endian byte order. All kernels have both attached and detached PDS labels. A description of the NAIF kernel archiving conventions is provided in the "SPICE Archive Preparation Guide ('The NAIF Way')" available at: ftp://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/pds/doc/archiving_guide/ With the exception of text SPICE kernels and metakernels, text documents and other meta information files such as descriptions, PDS object definitions and detached PDS labels are stream format files, with a PDS standard EOL marker at the end of the record. This allows the files to be read by MS-DOS/Windows, Unix and MacOS operating systems. Text SPICE kernels have the Unix-style line-feed only EOLs per NAIF PDS node standards. All SPICE binary kernels files are Unix binary files in which bit pattern structures for double precision and integer numbers follow the IEEE standard. They are used at the Mini-RF POC in their original little-endian byte order form, but have been converted to big-endian byte order form for this archive volume as is required by NAIF PDS standards. While some of the data files on this volume can be used 'as is', converting the files to binary or text format native to the user's computer may be required. Intel(TM)-based computers such as PCs and the newer Macintoshes use the little-endian byte order. In order to use the SPICE library with these products on these platforms, users will have to first convert the files to little-endian. NAIF provides the BINGO tool for this (see below). Refer to the documentation provided with the SPICE Toolkit to find out whether conversion is needed in each specific case. Unlike the other archived products, the SPICE kernels all contain BOTH attached and detached PDS labels as is standard with kernels archived at the NAIF PDS node. The NAIF convention is followed here. NAIF provides a tool (BINGO) that can convert text files to the Unix-style EOLs or the PC-style EOLs. BINGO can also convert binary kernels from little-endian to big-endian and visa versa. This means that text files can have their line terminator changed and binary files can be converted to the native format of the platform of interest. ============================================================================= NAMING CONVENTION ============================================================================= Each kernel is stored in a directory named for the type of kernel and these names follow the SPICE standard abbreviations: CK - Camera kernels (spacecraft attitude/pointing data) FK - Frame kernels LSK - Leapsecond kernels PCK - Planetary constants kernels SCLK - Spacecraft clock coefficients kernels SPK - Ephemeris kernels (both planetary and spacecraft) MK - Metakernels The file extension of the file name indicates the file type of kernel. The first character is a 't' indicating a text kernel or a 'b' indicating a binary kernel. The remaining one or two characters indicated the data type of the kernel (c - CK, f - FK, ls - LSK, pc - PCK, ts - SCLK, sp - SPK, m - metakernel). Kernels provided by NAIF retain their original all lower-case file names. Kernels provided by ISRO or created at the POC follow project-standard all upper-case convention. The detached PDS label files follow the pattern of their associated kernel files. NOTE: Metakernels are usually delivered in the EXTRAS/MK/ directory of archive volumes that only contain SPICE kernels and supporting files. However, in this case, since they are included within the regular science data products archive volume, they are included with the other SPICE files in the GEOMETRY/SPICE/MK directory (*.TM). Each kernel directory contains a *INFO.TXT file with specific details about the kernels. ============================================================================= CONTACTS ============================================================================= For information specific to this archive or the Chandrayaan-1/Mini-SAR kernels: Mini-RF Payload Operations Center (POC) Mike Reid The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory 11100 Johns Hopkins Road Laurel MD 20723 Phone: 240-228-4537 Email: Mike.Reid@jhuapl.edu For general information on SPICE, the SPICE library and on the NAIF toolkit: PDS Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF), MAIL STOP 301-121 Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena, CA, 91109-8099 Phone: 818-354-3869 WWW Site: http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov Email: pds_operator@naif.jpl.nasa.gov