PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 RECORD_TYPE = STREAM OBJECT = TEXT INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII PUBLICATION_DATE = 2002-10-25 NOTE = "Clementine LWIR Brightness Temperature Volume Specification" END_OBJECT = TEXT END Clementine LWIR Brightness Temperature Volume Specification Version 1.0 October 25, 2002 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1.1. Overview This document contains a description of the on-line volume content and structure for the Planetary Data System (PDS) Clementine Long Wavelength Infrared (LWIR) camera brightness temperature data set. 1.2. Scope This document applies to the Clementine (LWIR) brightness temperature image archive as produced by the Planetary Data System's Geosciences Node at Washington University. Documentation on the Clementine mission and spacecraft, the LWIR instrument, and the brightness temperature data set can be found in the CATALOG directory of this volume. A description of the calibration and production methods for the LWIR brightness temperature images can be found in Lawson et al. [4]. 1.3. Applicable Documents Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) documents: [1] JPL D-7669, PDS Data Preparation Workbook, Version 3.1, February 17, 1995. [2] JPL D-7669, PDS Standards Reference, Version 3.4, June 15, 2001. [3] JPL D-7116, Planetary Science Data Dictionary Document, Revision D, July 15, 1996. Other documents: [4] Lawson, S. L., B. M. Jakosky, H.-S. Park, and M. T. Mellon, Brightness Temperatures of the lunar surface: Calibration and global analysis of the Clementine long-wave infrared camera data, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 4273-4290, 2000. 1.4. System Compatibility The volume is readable on UNIX, PC, and Mac systems. 2. VOLUME COMPATIBILITY AND SOURCES 2.1. PDS Compatibility The archive complies with the PDS3 procedures and standards outlined in references [1], [2], and [3]. Each Clementine LWIR brightness temperature image product has an attached PDS3 label that describes the image. Ancillary data files have either attached or detached PDS3 labels. 2.2. Data Sources The images contained in this archive were produced and provided by Dr. Stefanie L. Lawson, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico. Procedures used in calibrating and producing the data set are described in reference [4]. PDS3 label information for the brightness temperature images was extracted from the index files published on the Clementine EDR image archive volumes (CL_0001 to CL_0088). 2.3. Data Validation Validation of the data set was done as part of the science analysis as described in reference [4]. 3. VOLUME AND FILE ORGANIZATION 3.1. Directory Structure The archive volume is an NFS-mountable volume containing the following directories: CATALOG, DATA, DOCUMENT, and INDEX. In addition, there are subdirectories within the DATA directory that contain the image data. The brightness temperature images are stored in separate subdirectories based on their revolution number. Flat field and bad pixel images are stored in a single subdirectory. The root directory contains the following files: AAREADME.TXT - Brief description of volume contents. ERRATA.TXT - Description of comments and errors. VOLDESC.CAT - Volume object definition. The CATALOG directory contains the following files: CATINFO.TXT - Description of files in the CATALOG directory. .CAT - Files describing the Clementine mission and spacecraft, LWIR camera, and the brightness temperature image data set. The DATA directory contains the following files and subdirectories: DATAINFO.TXT - Description of the files and subdirectories in the DATA directory. REVxxx - Subdirectory containing brightness temperature images from revolution number xxx. Note that there will generally be more than one subdirectory per volume. The images are stored in subdirectories based on the revolution number. Revolution number indicates a data acquisition pass that started near the South Pole and continued to the North Pole. There is one subdirectory for each revolution. The brightness temperature images are further divided into subdirectories based on the latitude bin scheme described below. Flat field and bad pixel images for a given revolution number are stored in a separate subdirectory named CALIB. Below is an example of the directory structure. DATA |-- REVnnn (where nnn is the revolution number) |-- CALIB (for flat field and bad pixel maps) |-- A (where A for the latitude bin -90 to -80 |-- B |-- C |-- D |-- (etc.) The image center latitude defines the subdirectory as defined below. A = -90 to -80 B = -80 to -70 C = -70 to -60 D = -60 to -50 E = -50 to -40 F = -40 to -30 G = -30 to -20 H = -20 to -10 I = -10 to 0 J = 0 to 10 K = 10 to 20 L = 20 to 30 M = 30 to 40 N = 40 to 50 O = 50 to 60 P = 60 to 70 Q = 70 to 80 R = 80 to 90 S = unknown targets T = Earth observations prior to systematic mapping U = Sky observations prior to systematic mapping V = Lunar observation prior to systematic mapping W = Sky observations after systematic mapping Y = Earth observations after systematic mapping Z = Lunar observations after systematic mapping If there are no images within a latitude bin for a given revolution, that subdirectory is omitted. The DOCUMENT directory contains the following files: DOCINFO.TXT - Description of files in the DOCUMENT directory. VOLSIS.TXT - Volume Specification document. This file. The INDEX directory contains the following files: INDXINFO.TXT - Description of files in the INDEX directory. IMGINDEX.TAB - Brightness temperature image index in tabular format. IMGINDEX.LBL - PDS3 label for the image index (IMGINDEX.TAB). CALINDEX.TAB - Flat field and bad pixel index in tabular format. CALINDEX.LBL - PDS3 label for CALINDEX.TAB. 3.2. File Formats 3.2.1. General 3.2.1.1. Fixed Length Record Files Records in a file with fixed length records all have the same length. Fixed length records do not necessarily contain embedded information to indicate the beginning or end of a record. The starting byte of any record can be calculated as follows: offset = (record - 1) * length where: offset = byte offset from start of file record = desired record number length = length of record in bytes Each image file on this volume is broken into logical records with fixed length. Information pertaining to the size of the record is contained in the attached PDS3 label. Index tables (.TAB files) also have fixed length. Index files contain ASCII text and have records terminated by carriage return and line feed characters. 3.2.1.2. Text Files Text files are stored as ASCII files in stream format. A stream format file can have records of varying length. The record terminator for a stream file is marked by carriage return and line feed characters to accommodate various operating systems. Detached label files (.LBL), catalog files (.CAT), and text files (.TXT) on this volume are stored in stream format. Text files have attached PDS3 labels at the beginning of the file. 3.2.1.3. Data Format Descriptions The reference data unit for image data is a 32-bit floating-point number using a PC real format (LSB order). See reference [2], Appendix C for a description of the PC real format. 3.3. PDS Brightness Temperature Image File Format 3.3.1. Image File Structure LWIR brightness temperature files on this volume have an attached PDS3 label at the beginning of the file. The PDS3 label is followed by the image data with one image line per record. File names for the brightness temperature images conform to the ISO-9660, level 2 specification. This standard, as implemented by the PDS3, allows a base name of up to 27 characters long and a 3 character long extension. Brightness temperature file names have the form BTffffxnnn.IMG, where ffff is the frame number, x is the latitude bin, and nnn is the revolution number. See the description of the product_id keyword in section 3.3.3.3 for additional details about the file name. The PDS3 label and the image object both begin on a logical record boundary. If the length of the PDS3 label does not fill an integral number of logical records, padding (as ASCII space characters) is added to the end of the last label record. The image structure is illustrated below. ______________________________ | PDS Label | |------------------------------| | : | |------------------------------| | : | Padding | |------------------------------| | Image | |------------------------------| | (128 lines) | |------------------------------| | : | |------------------------------| | : | |------------------------------| | : | |______________________________| |<------- 128 samples -------->| 3.3.2. Image Label Structure The PDS3 label conforms to the requirements of the PDS3 Standards Reference [2] and Planetary Science Data Dictionary Document [3]. The label describes the image and its format. Label statements have a "keyword = value" format. Label statements are terminated by / characters. PDS3 label statements are also packed into fixed length logical records with the same length as the image lines. Values for the image description keywords were extracted from the index files found on the Clementine EDR image archive volumes (CL_0001 to CL_0088). An example brightness temperature label is provided below. PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH FILE_RECORDS = 133 RECORD_BYTES = 512 LABEL_RECORDS = 5 ^IMAGE = 6 MISSION_NAME = "DEEP SPACE PROGRAM SCIENCE EXPERIMENT" SPACECRAFT_NAME = "CLEMENTINE 1" INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LONG WAVELENGTH INFRARED CAMERA" DATA_SET_ID = "CLEM1-L-LWIR-3-RDR-V1.0" PRODUCT_ID = "BT1260E037.IMG" ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID = "LLA1260E.037" MISSION_PHASE_NAME = "LUNAR MAPPING" TARGET_NAME = MOON REVOLUTION_NUMBER = 037 FRAME_SEQUENCE_NUMBER = 1260 START_TIME = 1994-02-27T22:17:17.868Z PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2001-11-09T15:15:55 CENTER_FILTER_WAVELENGTH = 8750 BANDWIDTH = 1500 GAIN_MODE_ID = "61" OFFSET_MODE_ID = "0" EXPOSURE_DURATION = 0.144000 CENTER_LATITUDE = -48.24 CENTER_LONGITUDE = 357.19 RETICLE_POINT_LATITUDE = { -48.10, -48.37, -48.37, -48.10} RETICLE_POINT_LONGITUDE = { 357.39, 357.39, 356.98, 356.99} HORIZONTAL_PIXEL_SCALE = 0.064 VERTICAL_PIXEL_SCALE = 0.064 SPACECRAFT_ALTITUDE = 446.8 NORTH_AZIMUTH = 180.06 SOLAR_DISTANCE = 148504859.5 SUB_SOLAR_LATITUDE = 1.52 SUB_SOLAR_LONGITUDE = 333.57 INCIDENCE_ANGLE = 53.82 EMISSION_ANGLE = 0.04 PHASE_ANGLE = 53.86 LOCAL_HOUR_ANGLE = 204.74 NOTE = "Calibrated brightness temperature in Kelvin" DATA_PARAMETER_UNCERTAINTY = 2.846 OBJECT = IMAGE LINES = 128 LINE_SAMPLES = 128 SAMPLE_TYPE = PC_REAL SAMPLE_BITS = 32 MINIMUM = 268.889 MAXIMUM = 341.491 MEAN = 319.661 STANDARD_DEVIATION = 7.821 END_OBJECT = IMAGE END 3.3.3. Image Label Keyword Definitions Definitions for keywords in the PDS3 image label are listed in this section. These definitions are based on the standard PDS3 data dictionary definition, but are, in some cases, customized or expanded for the specific application to the Clementine LWIR data set. 3.3.3.1. FILE FORMAT AND LENGTH KEYWORDS PDS_VERSION_ID The PDS_VERSION_ID element indicates the version number of the PDS3 standards that apply to a data product. The value for the Clementine LWIR brightness temperature image archive is PDS3, which indicates that version 3 of the PDS standards apply. RECORD_TYPE The RECORD_TYPE element indicates the format of records in the file. Clementine LWIR image files have fixed length records. FILE_RECORDS The FILE_RECORDS element indicates the number of records, including records containing PDS3 label statements. RECORD_BYTES The RECORD_BYTES element indicates the number of bytes in a record. LABEL_RECORDS The LABEL_RECORDS element indicates the number of file records that contain PDS3 label information. The number of image records is given by the LINES keyword in the image object. It can also be determined by subtracting the value of LABEL_RECORDS from the value of FILE_RECORDS. 3.3.3.2. POINTERS TO START RECORDS OF OBJECTS IN FILE ^IMAGE The ^IMAGE keyword points to the starting logical record number for the image object. Record numbering starts with 1 as the first record in the file. 3.3.3.3. IMAGE DESCRIPTION KEYWORDS MISSION_NAME The MISSION_NAME element identifies the name of the planetary mission or project. A given planetary mission may be associated with one or more spacecraft. The official name of the Clementine mission was "DEEP SPACE PROGRAM SCIENCE EXPERIMENT". SPACECRAFT_NAME The SPACECRAFT_NAME element provides the full name of a spacecraft. Value is "CLEMENTINE 1". INSTRUMENT_NAME The INSTRUMENT_NAME element provides the full name of an instrument. Value is "LONG WAVELENGTH INFRARED CAMERA". DATA_SET_ID The DATA_SET_ID element is a unique alphanumeric identifier for a data set. DATA_SET_ID is a combination of identifiers for the mission, target, instrument, data type, and version of the data set. In most cases the DATA_SET_ID is an abbreviation of the DATA_SET_NAME. PRODUCT_ID The PRODUCT_ID element is a unique identifier assigned to a data product by the data product producer. For the Clementine LWIR brightness temperature images, PRODUCT_ID is equal to the file name and has the form BTffffxnnn.IMG, where BT is for brightness temperature, ffff is the frame sequence number, x denotes the latitude bin, and nnn is revolution number. An example PRODUCT_ID is BT1260E037.IMG. ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID The product_id of the original Clementine EDR image used to derive the brightness temperature image. MISSION_PHASE_NAME The MISSION_PHASE_NAME element provides the commonly used identifier of a mission phase. Example is "LUNAR MAPPING". TARGET_NAME The TARGET_NAME identifies the target in the image. The target may be a planet, satellite, ring, region, feature, asteroid, or comet. Example is MOON. REVOLUTION_NUMBER The revolution number refers to an observational pass over the moon. Revolution number is incremented by one each time the spacecraft passed over the South Pole prior to the beginning of data acquisition. It is used in lieu of orbit number because orbit numbers incremented at the equator on the sunlit side of the Moon. Thus, orbit number changed in the middle of an observational pass. This was awkward in defining data acquired by a single pass over the Moon. FRAME_SEQUENCE_NUMBER Sequential frame number for an image acquired during a pass over the Moon. START_TIME This element is the starting time of an observation. This time refers to the start of the integration time of the camera. The value contained in this keyword reflects a 'corrected time'. A software problem onboard the spacecraft caused inaccurate times to be attached to an image. This value contains the best- estimated time of the observation. Start times are given in UTC. PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME The time is UTC when the PDS3 labeled archive product was created. CENTER_FILTER_WAVELENGTH The CENTER_FILTER_WAVELENGTH element provides the midpoint wavelength value between the minimum and maximum filter wavelength values. BANDWIDTH The bandwidth element provides a measure of the spectral width of a filter or channel. For a root-mean-square detector this is the effective bandwidth of the filter, i.e., the full width of an ideal square filter having a flat response over the bandwidth and zero response elsewhere. GAIN_MODE_ID Gain mode of the camera, which defines the sensitivity of the detector. OFFSET_MODE_ID The OFFSET_MODE_ID element specifies the analog value that is subtracted from the video signal prior to the analog/digital converters. EXPOSURE_DURATION Exposure duration (integration time) for an image observation expressed in milliseconds. CENTER_LATITUDE Planetocentric latitude of camera boresight intercept point. CENTER_LONGITUDE Planetocentric longitude of camera boresight intercept point. RETICLE_POINT_LATITUDE The RETICLE_POINT_LATITUDE element provides the latitude of the surface intercept points for the principal points of the camera. For the Clementine cameras the principal points are defined as the upper left pixel of the camera (line 1,sample 1), the upper right pixel (line 1, last sample), lower left (last line, sample 1), and lower right (last line, last sample). RETICLE_POINT_LONGITUDE The RETICLE_POINT_LONGITUDE element provides the longitude of the surface intercept points for the principal points of the camera. For the Clementine cameras the principal points are defined as the upper left pixel of the camera (line 1,sample 1), the upper right pixel (line 1, last sample), lower left (last line, sample 1), and lower right (last line, last sample). HORIZONTAL_PIXEL_SCALE Distance, measured along horizontal direction, along target surface between intercept points defined by centers of left and right edges of a pixel-sized region in FOV centered at camera boresight. Defined only when boresight intercepts surface. Values have units of kilometers. VERTICAL_PIXEL_SCALE Distance, measured along vertical direction, along target surface between intercept points defined by centers of left and right edges of a pixel-sized region in FOV centered at camera boresight. Defined only when boresight intercepts surface. Values have units of kilometers. SPACECRAFT_ALTITUDE Altitude of spacecraft above reference ellipsoid given in kilometers. Distance is measured to closest point on ellipsoid. NORTH_AZIMUTH Azimuth to North Pole direction vector. Reference line extends from the image center to the right edge of the image. Angle increases in the clockwise direction to the North Pole direction. SOLAR_DISTANCE Distance from target body center to Sun in kilometers. SUB_SOLAR_LATITUDE Planetocentric latitude of the apparent sub-solar point. SUB_SOLAR_LONGITUDE Planetocentric longitude of the apparent sub-solar point. INCIDENCE_ANGLE The incidence angle is the angle between the target-Sun vector and the local vertical vector at the boresight intercept. EMISSION_ANGLE The emission angle is measured between the negative of the boresight vector and the local vertical vector at the boresight intercept. PHASE_ANGLE The phase angle is measured between the boresight intercept-to- Sun vector and the negative of the boresight vector. LOCAL_HOUR_ANGLE The angle from the negative of the target-body-to-Sun vector to the projection of the negative of the spacecraft-to-target vector onto the target's instantaneous orbital plane. The angle is measured in a counterclockwise direction when viewed from North of the ecliptic plane. NOTE The NOTE element provides a miscellaneous note or comment about a data product. DATA_PARAMETER_UNCERTAINTY The uncertainty in the measured parameter represented in the data file. For the Clementine LWIR data set it is the one sigma error value associated with the brightness temperatures within an image. Values are given in Kelvin. 3.3.3.4. IMAGE OBJECT KEYWORDS LINES The LINES element is the total number of pixels along the vertical axis of an image. The number of lines in Clementine LWIR images is always 128 lines. LINE_SAMPLES The LINE_SAMPLES element is the total number of pixels along the horizontal axis of an image. The number of samples in Clementine LWIR images is always 128 samples. SAMPLE_TYPE The SAMPLE_TYPE element indicates the data storage representation of sample value. Clementine LWIR brightness temperature images contain floating-point numbers stored in PC real format. Temperature values are in Kelvin. SAMPLE_BITS The SAMPLE_BITS element indicates the number of bits used to store one data sample value. The value is always 32 for Clementine LWIR brightness temperature images. MINIMUM The MINIMUM element indicates the smallest value occurring in a given instance of the data object. MAXIMUM The MAXIMUM element indicates the largest value occurring in a given instance of the data object. MEAN The MEAN element provides the average of pixel values in the image array. STANDARD_DEVIATION The STANDARD_DEVIATION element provides the standard deviation of pixel values in the image array. 3.3.4. Image Object Structure The brightness temperature image object contains 128 lines, each with 128 samples. The image starts on the logical record boundary indicated by the ^IMAGE pointer keyword in the label. Each pixel is a 4-byte long floating-point number stored in PC real format. For computer systems that use the opposite storage order, the bytes comprising each pixel will need to be swapped before the data are used. 3.4. Flat Field and Bad Pixel Image File Format 3.4.1. Image File Structure Flat field and bad pixel images were generated and used in producing the calibrated brightness temperature files. Details on the generation and meaning of the flat field and bad pixel images can be found in the data set description file in the CATALOG directory of this volume or in reference [4]. The flat field and bad pixel image files on this volume have attached PDS3 labels at the beginning of the files. The PDS3 label is followed by the image data. The structure of the flat field and bad pixel images is the same as the brightness temperature images (see section 3.3.1). File names for the flat field and bad pixel images have the form of FFnnnxx.IMG and BBnnnxx.IMG, respectively, where nnn is the revolution number and xx is the beginning and ending latitude bin to which the image applies (see product_id description above for details on latitude bins). There are three flat field and bad pixel images for each pass over the moon corresponding to the Southern Hemisphere, Equatorial, and Northern Hemisphere regions. 3.4.2. Image Label Structure The PDS3 label for the flat field and bad pixel images conforms to the requirements of the PDS3 Standards Reference [2] and Planetary Science Data Dictionary Document [3]. Label statements have a "keyword = value" format. Label statements are terminated by / characters. PDS3 label statements are also packed into fixed length logical records with the same length as the image lines. An example flat field image label is provided below. PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH FILE_RECORDS = 131 RECORD_BYTES = 512 LABEL_RECORDS = 3 ^IMAGE = 4 MISSION_NAME = "DEEP SPACE PROGRAM SCIENCE EXPERIMENT" SPACECRAFT_NAME = "CLEMENTINE 1" INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LONG WAVELENGTH INFRARED CAMERA" DATA_SET_ID = "CLEM1-L-LWIR-3-RDR-V1.0" PRODUCT_ID = "FF037HK.IMG" PRODUCT_TYPE = "FLAT FIELD" MISSION_PHASE_NAME = "LUNAR MAPPING" TARGET_NAME = MOON REVOLUTION_NUMBER = 037 START_TIME = "N/A" PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2001-11-09T21:50:45 CENTER_FILTER_WAVELENGTH = 8750 BANDWIDTH = 1500 NOTE = "Flat field for latitudes from -20 to 20 degrees." OBJECT = IMAGE LINES = 128 LINE_SAMPLES = 128 SAMPLE_TYPE = PC_REAL SAMPLE_BITS = 32 MINIMUM = 0.8679 MAXIMUM = 1.1387 MEAN = 1.0000 STANDARD_DEVIATION = 0.0451 END_OBJECT = IMAGE END Below is an example PDS3 label for a bad pixel image. PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3 RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH FILE_RECORDS = 131 RECORD_BYTES = 512 LABEL_RECORDS = 3 ^IMAGE = 4 MISSION_NAME = "DEEP SPACE PROGRAM SCIENCE EXPERIMENT" SPACECRAFT_NAME = "CLEMENTINE 1" INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LONG WAVELENGTH INFRARED CAMERA" DATA_SET_ID = "CLEM1-L-LWIR-3-RDR-V1.0" PRODUCT_ID = "BP037HK.IMG" PRODUCT_TYPE = "BAD PIXEL" MISSION_PHASE_NAME = "LUNAR MAPPING" TARGET_NAME = MOON REVOLUTION_NUMBER = 037 START_TIME = "N/A" PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2001-11-09T21:50:47 CENTER_FILTER_WAVELENGTH = 8750 BANDWIDTH = 1500 NOTE = "Bad pixel map for latitudes from -20 to 20 degrees." OBJECT = IMAGE LINES = 128 LINE_SAMPLES = 128 SAMPLE_TYPE = PC_REAL SAMPLE_BITS = 32 END_OBJECT = IMAGE END 3.4.3. Image Label Keyword Definitions PDS3 labels for flat field and bad pixel files contain a subset of the keywords in the brightness temperature label. The only exception is the PRODUCT_TYPE keyword in the flat field and bad pixel labels. PRODUCT_TYPE can have the value of "FLAT FIELD" or "BAD PIXEL" to indicate the image type. See section 3.3.3 for the definitions of the other label keywords. 3.4.4. Image Object Structure The flat field and bad pixel image objects contain 128 lines, each with 128 samples. The images start on the logical record boundary indicated by the ^IMAGE pointer keyword in the label. Each pixel is a 4-byte long floating-point number stored in PC real format. For computer systems that use the opposite storage order, the bytes of each pixel will need to be swapped before the data are used. The bad pixel image values are either 0 or 1 to indicate a bad pixel or good pixel, respectively. 4. IMAGE ACCESS 4.1 NASAVIEW The PDS provides software for displaying PDS3 format images on a variety of computer platforms. The PDS application program for image display is called NASAView, which has versions for SUN/SOLARIS, WINDOWS, and LINUX platforms. The PDS distributes NASAView through its Web site. Consult the PDS Web site for the status of NASAView in terms of its capabilities and availability. The address for the PDS Web site is http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/. 4.2 ISIS The LWIR Brightness temperature, bad pixel map, and flat field images can be processed with the ISIS (Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers from the USGS in Flagstaff, AZ) system. The PDS2ISIS program will convert the PDS format image into an ISIS cube format. However, a version of PDS2ISIS is required that understands the PC_REAL value for the SAMPLE_TYPE keyword in the PDS3 label. This version of PDS2ISIS will be available with all standard ISIS releases after June 2002. In the meantime, anyone needing the new version of PDS2ISIS can contact isis-support@flagmail.wr.usgs.gov to obtain a copy. ISIS does not support a camera model for the Clementine LWIR instrument. Thus, the normal ISIS geometric processing for producing map projected images cannot be used for the LWIR data set. Instead, the latitude and longitude values for the image center and four reticule points (i.e., image corners) can be used at ground control points in a "rubber-sheet" transformation. 4.3 IDL The LWIR Brightness temperature, bad pixel map, and flat field images can also be imported into IDL for processing. Below is an example set of IDL commands to read the image. It assumes that the PDS3 label can be displayed to read the values of the ^IMAGE and RECORD_BYTES keywords. These values are used to compute an offset from the start of the file to the start of the image object. The example below reads the file BT2126F038.IMG. Substitute the values of the ^IMAGE and RECORD_BYTES keywords where the names appear in the example. IDL> close, 1 IDL> openr, 1, 'bt2126f038.img' IDL> image = fltarr(128,128) IDL> offset = (^IMAGE-1) * (RECORD_BYTES) IDL> header = bytarr(offset) IDL> readu, 1, header, image IDL> close, 1 In the example above if the value of ^IMAGE is 6 and the value of RECORD_BYTES is 512, then the computed offset value will be 2560. The "header" variable can be ignored, and the LWIR image will be stored in the variable "image". 5. IMAGE INDEX FILES Each volume in the Clementine LWIR brightness temperature data set includes an image index file named IMGINDEX.TAB, which contains meta-data about each brightness temperature image. Similarly, an index file for the flat field and bad pixel images is named CALINDEX.TAB. The index files and their associated PDS3 label files are located in the INDEX directory. The meta-data in the index tables includes the file names and location on the volume, instrument state parameters, and geometry information. For additional details on index file contents refer to the label files. APPENDIX I - Lunar Orbit Time Line The table shown below provides a timeline for each Clementine lunar orbit from the systematic mapping mission phase. The table shows the orbit number (ORB), day-of-year (DOY), date, UTC, and longitude of orbit at the equator (LONG), along with the altitude at periapsis (ALT). This information was extracted from the VOLSIS document included with the Clementine EDR Image Archive. ORB DOY DATE UTC LONG ALT 32 57 02/26/94 21:08:0 10.8 401.5 33 58 02/27/94 02:06:2 8.1 403.2 34 58 02/27/94 07:04:5 5.3 405.1 35 58 02/27/94 12:03:1 2.6 406.9 36 58 02/27/94 17:01:4 359.9 408.7 37 58 02/27/94 22:00:0 357.2 410.5 38 59 02/28/94 02:58:3 354.4 412.3 39 59 02/28/94 07:57:0 351.7 414.1 40 59 02/28/94 12:55:2 349.0 415.8 41 59 02/28/94 17:53:5 346.2 417.5 42 59 02/28/94 22:52:1 343.5 419.2 43 60 03/01/94 03:50:4 340.8 420.8 44 60 03/01/94 08:49:0 338.1 422.3 45 60 03/01/94 13:47:3 335.3 423.7 46 60 03/01/94 18:45:5 332.6 425.0 47 60 03/01/94 23:44:2 329.9 426.3 48 61 03/02/94 04:42:4 327.2 427.4 49 61 03/02/94 09:41:1 324.4 428.4 50 61 03/02/94 14:39:3 321.7 429.4 51 61 03/02/94 19:37:5 319.0 430.2 52 62 03/03/94 00:36:2 316.2 430.9 53 62 03/03/94 05:34:4 313.5 431.5 54 62 03/03/94 10:33:1 310.8 432.0 55 62 03/03/94 15:31:3 308.1 432.4 56 62 03/03/94 20:30:0 305.3 432.8 57 63 03/04/94 01:28:2 302.6 433.0 58 63 03/04/94 06:26:4 299.9 433.2 59 63 03/04/94 11:25:1 297.2 433.3 60 63 03/04/94 16:23:3 294.4 433.4 61 63 03/04/94 21:21:5 291.7 433.4 62 64 03/05/94 02:20:2 289.0 433.4 63 64 03/05/94 07:18:4 286.2 433.3 64 64 03/05/94 12:17:0 283.5 433.3 65 64 03/05/94 17:15:3 280.8 433.2 66 64 03/05/94 22:13:5 278.1 433.1 67 65 03/06/94 03:12:1 275.3 433.0 68 65 03/06/94 08:10:4 272.6 432.9 69 65 03/06/94 13:09:0 269.9 432.8 70 65 03/06/94 18:07:2 267.2 432.8 71 65 03/06/94 23:05:5 264.4 432.7 72 66 03/07/94 04:04:1 261.7 432.7 73 66 03/07/94 09:02:4 259.0 432.8 74 66 03/07/94 14:01:0 256.2 432.9 75 66 03/07/94 18:59:2 253.5 433.0 76 66 03/07/94 23:57:5 250.8 433.2 77 67 03/08/94 04:56:1 248.1 433.4 78 67 03/08/94 09:54:4 245.3 433.8 79 67 03/08/94 14:53:0 242.6 434.1 80 67 03/08/94 19:51:3 239.9 434.6 81 68 03/09/94 00:49:5 237.2 435.1 82 68 03/09/94 05:48:1 234.4 435.6 83 68 03/09/94 10:46:4 231.7 436.3 84 68 03/09/94 15:45:0 229.0 437.0 85 68 03/09/94 20:43:3 226.3 437.7 86 69 03/10/94 01:41:5 223.5 438.6 87 69 03/10/94 06:40:2 220.8 439.5 88 69 03/10/94 11:38:4 218.1 440.4 89 69 03/10/94 16:37:1 215.3 441.5 90 69 03/10/94 21:35:3 212.6 442.6 91 70 03/11/94 02:34:0 209.9 443.7 92 70 03/11/94 07:32:2 207.1 444.9 93 70 03/11/94 12:30:5 204.4 446.1 94 70 03/11/94 17:32:1 201.7 401.4 95 70 03/11/94 22:30:3 198.9 402.7 96 71 03/12/94 03:29:0 196.2 404.0 97 71 03/12/94 08:27:2 193.5 405.3 98 71 03/12/94 13:25:4 190.7 406.7 99 71 03/12/94 18:24:0 188.0 408.0 100 71 03/12/94 23:22:3 185.3 409.3 101 72 03/13/94 04:20:5 182.5 410.6 102 72 03/13/94 09:19:1 179.8 411.8 103 72 03/13/94 14:17:4 177.1 413.1 104 72 03/13/94 19:16:0 174.3 414.3 105 73 03/14/94 00:14:2 171.6 415.5 106 73 03/14/94 05:12:5 168.9 416.7 107 73 03/14/94 10:11:1 166.1 417.8 108 73 03/14/94 15:09:3 163.4 418.9 109 73 03/14/94 20:07:5 160.7 420.0 110 74 03/15/94 01:06:2 157.9 421.0 111 74 03/15/94 06:04:4 155.2 422.0 112 74 03/15/94 11:03:0 152.5 422.9 113 74 03/15/94 16:01:3 149.7 423.8 114 74 03/15/94 20:59:5 147.0 424.7 115 75 03/16/94 01:58:1 144.3 425.5 116 75 03/16/94 06:56:3 141.6 426.3 117 75 03/16/94 11:55:0 138.8 427.0 118 75 03/16/94 16:53:2 136.1 427.7 119 75 03/16/94 21:51:4 133.4 428.3 120 76 03/17/94 02:50:0 130.6 428.9 121 76 03/17/94 07:48:2 127.9 429.4 122 76 03/17/94 12:46:5 125.2 429.8 123 76 03/17/94 17:45:1 122.5 430.2 124 76 03/17/94 22:43:3 119.7 430.6 125 77 03/18/94 03:41:5 117.0 430.9 126 77 03/18/94 08:40:1 114.3 431.1 127 77 03/18/94 13:38:4 111.5 431.3 128 77 03/18/94 18:37:0 108.8 431.4 129 77 03/18/94 23:35:2 106.1 431.5 130 78 03/19/94 04:33:4 103.4 431.6 131 78 03/19/94 09:32:0 100.6 431.6 132 78 03/19/94 14:30:3 97.9 431.6 133 78 03/19/94 19:28:5 95.2 431.5 134 79 03/20/94 00:27:1 92.4 431.5 135 79 03/20/94 05:25:3 89.7 431.4 136 79 03/20/94 10:23:5 87.0 431.3 137 79 03/20/94 15:22:1 84.3 431.3 138 79 03/20/94 20:20:3 81.5 431.2 139 80 03/21/94 01:19:0 78.8 431.1 140 80 03/21/94 06:17:2 76.1 431.1 141 80 03/21/94 11:15:4 73.3 431.0 142 80 03/21/94 16:14:0 70.6 431.0 143 80 03/21/94 21:12:2 67.9 431.1 144 81 03/22/94 02:10:4 65.1 431.2 145 81 03/22/94 07:09:0 62.4 431.3 146 81 03/22/94 12:07:3 59.7 431.5 147 81 03/22/94 17:05:5 56.9 431.7 148 81 03/22/94 22:04:1 54.2 432.0 149 82 03/23/94 03:02:3 51.5 432.4 150 82 03/23/94 08:00:5 48.7 432.8 151 82 03/23/94 12:59:1 46.0 433.4 152 82 03/23/94 17:57:3 43.3 434.0 153 82 03/23/94 22:56:0 40.5 434.7 154 83 03/24/94 03:54:2 37.8 435.5 155 83 03/24/94 08:52:4 35.1 436.4 156 83 03/24/94 13:51:0 32.3 437.4 157 83 03/24/94 18:49:2 29.6 438.5 158 83 03/24/94 23:47:5 26.9 439.8 159 84 03/25/94 04:46:1 24.1 441.1 160 84 03/25/94 09:44:3 21.4 442.5 161 84 03/25/94 14:42:5 18.7 444.0 162 84 03/25/94 19:41:2 15.9 445.6 163 85 03/26/94 00:39:4 13.2 447.2 164 85 03/26/94 06:36:5 11.3 1007.9 165 85 03/26/94 13:00:1 9.5 449.8 166 85 03/26/94 17:59:0 6.8 448.6 167 85 03/26/94 22:58:0 4.0 447.3 168 86 03/27/94 03:56:5 1.3 446.0 169 86 03/27/94 08:55:5 358.6 444.7 170 86 03/27/94 13:54:5 355.8 443.3 171 86 03/27/94 18:53:4 353.2 447.8 172 86 03/27/94 23:52:1 350.4 446.4 173 86 03/28/94 04:50:4 347.7 445.1 174 87 03/28/94 09:49:1 345.0 443.8 175 87 03/28/94 14:47:4 342.2 442.5 176 87 03/28/94 19:46:1 339.5 441.3 177 87 03/29/94 00:44:3 336.8 440.0 178 88 03/29/94 05:43:0 334.0 438.9 179 88 03/29/94 10:41:3 331.3 437.8 180 88 03/29/94 15:40:0 328.5 436.7 181 88 03/29/94 20:38:3 325.8 435.7 182 88 03/30/94 01:36:5 323.1 434.8 183 89 03/30/94 06:35:2 320.3 434.0 184 89 03/30/94 11:33:5 317.6 433.2 185 89 03/30/94 16:32:1 314.8 432.5 186 89 03/30/94 21:30:4 312.1 431.9 187 89 03/31/94 02:29:1 309.4 431.3 188 90 03/31/94 07:27:4 306.6 430.8 189 90 03/31/94 12:26:0 303.9 430.4 190 90 03/31/94 17:24:3 301.1 430.1 191 90 03/31/94 22:22:5 298.4 429.8 192 90 04/01/94 03:21:2 295.7 429.5 193 91 04/01/94 08:19:5 292.9 429.3 194 91 04/01/94 13:18:1 290.2 429.2 195 91 04/01/94 18:16:4 287.5 429.0 196 91 04/01/94 23:15:0 284.7 428.9 197 91 04/02/94 04:13:3 282.0 428.8 198 92 04/02/94 09:11:5 279.3 428.8 199 92 04/02/94 14:10:2 276.5 428.7 200 92 04/02/94 19:08:5 273.8 428.7 201 92 04/03/94 00:07:1 271.1 428.6 202 93 04/03/94 05:05:4 268.4 428.6 203 93 04/03/94 10:04:0 265.6 428.5 204 93 04/03/94 15:02:3 262.9 428.4 205 93 04/03/94 20:01:0 260.2 428.3 206 93 04/04/94 00:59:2 257.5 428.1 207 94 04/04/94 05:57:5 254.7 428.0 208 94 04/04/94 10:56:2 252.0 427.7 209 94 04/04/94 15:54:4 249.3 427.5 210 94 04/04/94 20:53:1 246.6 427.2 211 94 04/05/94 01:51:4 243.8 426.9 212 95 04/05/94 06:50:0 241.1 426.6 213 95 04/05/94 11:48:3 238.4 426.2 214 95 04/05/94 16:47:0 235.7 425.8 215 95 04/05/94 21:45:2 232.9 425.4 216 95 04/06/94 02:43:5 230.2 425.0 217 96 04/06/94 07:42:2 227.5 424.5 218 96 04/06/94 12:40:5 224.8 424.0 219 96 04/06/94 17:39:1 222.0 423.4 220 96 04/06/94 22:37:4 219.3 422.8 221 96 04/07/94 03:36:1 216.6 422.2 222 97 04/07/94 08:34:4 213.9 421.5 223 97 04/07/94 13:33:0 211.1 420.8 224 97 04/07/94 18:31:3 208.4 420.1 225 97 04/07/94 23:30:0 205.7 419.4 226 97 04/08/94 04:28:3 203.0 418.6 227 98 04/08/94 09:26:5 200.2 417.9 228 98 04/08/94 14:25:2 197.5 417.0 229 98 04/08/94 19:23:5 194.8 416.2 230 98 04/09/94 00:22:2 192.1 415.4 231 99 04/09/94 05:20:5 189.3 414.6 232 99 04/09/94 10:19:1 186.6 413.7 233 99 04/09/94 15:17:4 183.9 412.8 234 99 04/09/94 20:16:1 181.1 412.0 235 99 04/10/94 01:14:4 178.4 411.1 236 100 04/10/94 06:13:1 175.7 410.3 237 100 04/10/94 11:11:4 172.9 409.4 238 100 04/10/94 16:10:0 170.2 408.6 239 100 04/10/94 21:08:3 167.5 407.7 240 100 04/11/94 02:07:0 164.7 406.9 241 101 04/11/94 07:05:3 162.0 427.7 242 101 04/11/94 12:04:0 159.3 426.9 243 101 04/11/94 17:02:3 156.5 426.1 244 101 04/11/94 22:01:0 153.8 425.2 245 101 04/12/94 02:59:3 151.1 424.4 246 102 04/12/94 07:58:0 148.3 423.6 247 102 04/12/94 12:56:3 145.6 422.8 248 102 04/12/94 17:55:0 142.9 422.0 249 102 04/12/94 22:53:3 140.1 421.3 250 102 04/13/94 03:52:0 137.4 420.5 251 103 04/13/94 08:50:3 134.7 419.9 252 103 04/13/94 13:49:0 131.9 419.2 253 103 04/13/94 18:47:2 129.2 418.6 254 103 04/13/94 23:45:5 126.5 418.1 255 103 04/14/94 04:44:2 123.7 417.5 256 104 04/14/94 09:42:5 121.0 417.1 257 104 04/14/94 14:41:2 118.3 416.6 258 104 04/14/94 19:39:5 115.5 416.3 259 105 04/15/94 00:38:1 112.8 415.9 260 105 04/15/94 05:36:4 110.1 415.6 261 105 04/15/94 10:35:1 107.3 415.3 262 105 04/15/94 15:33:4 104.6 415.1 263 105 04/15/94 20:32:1 101.9 414.9 264 106 04/16/94 01:30:4 99.1 414.7 265 106 04/16/94 06:29:1 96.4 414.6 266 106 04/16/94 11:27:3 93.7 414.5 267 106 04/16/94 16:26:0 90.9 414.4 268 106 04/16/94 21:24:3 88.2 414.3 269 107 04/17/94 02:23:0 85.5 414.2 270 107 04/17/94 07:21:3 82.8 414.2 271 107 04/17/94 12:19:5 80.0 414.1 272 107 04/17/94 17:18:2 77.3 414.1 273 107 04/17/94 22:16:5 74.6 414.1 274 108 04/18/94 03:15:2 71.9 414.0 275 108 04/18/94 08:13:4 69.1 414.0 276 108 04/18/94 13:12:1 66.4 413.9 277 108 04/18/94 18:10:4 63.7 413.9 278 108 04/18/94 23:09:1 61.0 413.8 279 109 04/19/94 04:07:3 58.2 413.6 280 109 04/19/94 09:06:0 55.5 413.5 281 109 04/19/94 14:04:3 52.8 413.3 282 109 04/19/94 19:03:0 50.1 413.1 283 110 04/20/94 00:01:3 47.3 412.8 284 110 04/20/94 04:59:5 44.6 412.4 285 110 04/20/94 09:58:2 41.9 412.0 286 110 04/20/94 14:56:5 39.2 411.6 287 110 04/20/94 19:55:2 36.4 411.1 288 111 04/21/94 00:53:5 33.7 410.5 289 111 04/21/94 05:52:2 31.0 409.8 290 111 04/21/94 10:50:5 28.3 409.1 291 111 04/21/94 15:49:1 25.6 408.3 292 111 04/21/94 20:47:4 22.8 407.4 293 112 04/22/94 01:46:1 20.1 406.5 294 112 04/22/94 06:44:4 17.4 405.5 295 112 04/22/94 11:43:1 14.7 404.4 296 112 04/22/94 16:41:4 11.9 403.2 297 112 04/22/94 21:40:1 9.2 402.0