GRAIL

DATA PRODUCT

SOFTWARE INTERFACE SPECIFICATION

JPL D-76383

Version 1.8

May 3, 2016

Daniel Kahan

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLES 5

DOCUMENT CHANGE LOG.......................................................................................................................................... 7

1 Purpose and Scope of Document......................................................................................................................... 8

2 Definitions of Data Processing Levels................................................................................................................ 9

3 Relationships with Other Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 9

4 Data Product Characteristics and Environment................................................................................................. 9

4.1 Instrument Overview....................................................................................................................... 9

4.2 Data Product Overview.................................................................................................................. 11

4.2.1 LGRS EDR (NASA Level 0 Products)........................................................ 11

4.2.2 LGRS CDR (NASA Level 1A and Level 1B Products)................................. 12

4.2.2.1 Timing [17]......................................................................................................................... 12

4.2.2.2 Position.............................................................................................................................. 13

4.2.2.3 Ka-band............................................................................................................................. 14

4.2.2.4 S-band................................................................................................................................ 14

4.2.2.5 Satellite Attitude.................................................................................................................. 14

4.2.2.6 Events................................................................................................................................ 15

4.2.2.7 Satellite Condition................................................................................................................ 15

4.2.2.8 DSN Tracking.................................................................................................................... 15

4.2.3 RSS EDR................................................................................................... 15

4.2.3.1 DSN Radio Data................................................................................................................. 15

4.2.3.2 Ancillary DSN Data............................................................................................................ 16

4.2.4 LGRS RDR (NASA Level 2 Products)........................................................ 17

4.2.5 Data Flow and Product Generation............................................................... 17

4.2.6 Labeling and Identification........................................................................... 18

4.2.6.1 LGRS EDR and LGRS CDR File Naming Convention........................................................... 18

4.2.6.2 RSS EDR File Naming Convention....................................................................................... 19

4.2.6.3 LGRS RDR File Naming Convention.................................................................................... 20

4.3 Standards Used in Generating Data Products................................................................................... 22

4.3.1 PDS Standards........................................................................................... 22

4.3.2 Time Standards........................................................................................... 22

4.3.2.1 LGRS clock........................................................................................................................ 23

4.3.2.2 Onboard spacecraft clocks.................................................................................................. 23

4.3.2.3 UTC clock used by DSN..................................................................................................... 23

4.3.3 Coordinate Systems..................................................................................... 24

4.4 Data Validation.............................................................................................................................. 27

5 Detailed Data Product Specifications................................................................................................................ 27

5.1 Data Product Structure and Organization......................................................................................... 27

5.2 Data Format Descriptions............................................................................................................... 31

5.2.1 LGRS EDR (Level 0) Products.................................................................... 31

5.2.2 LGRS CDR Products.................................................................................. 34

5.2.2.1 Level 1A............................................................................................................................ 34

5.2.2.2 Level 1B............................................................................................................................ 48

5.2.3 RSS EDR Products..................................................................................... 56

5.3 Header Descriptions....................................................................................................................... 57

5.3.1 Headers for LGRS EDR............................................................................. 57

5.3.2 Headers for LGRS CDR............................................................................. 57

5.3.3 Headers for LGRS RDR............................................................................. 58

5.3.4 Headers for RSS EDR................................................................................ 58

6 Applicable Software............................................................................................................................................. 59

6.1 Utility Programs............................................................................................................................. 59

7 Appendices........................................................................................................................................................... 59

7.1 Glossary........................................................................................................................................ 59

7.2 Acronyms...................................................................................................................................... 60

7.3 Example PDS Labels..................................................................................................................... 62

7.3.1 LGRS EDR................................................................................................ 62

7.3.2 LGRS CDR................................................................................................ 62

7.3.3 RSS EDR................................................................................................... 63

7.3.3.1 BTM, EOP, ION, TDM, TNF, TRO, WEA, & XFR............................................................. 63

7.3.3.2 ODF, OLF, and BOF.......................................................................................................... 64

7.3.3.3 RSR................................................................................................................................... 92

7.3.4 LGRS RDR.............................................................................................. 113

7.3.4.1 Radio Science Digital Map Products (RSDMAP)................................................................ 113

7.3.4.2 Spherical Harmonics ASCII Data Record (SHADR)........................................................... 114

7.3.4.3 Spherical Harmonics Binary Data Record (SHBDR)........................................................... 119

7.3.4.4 SPICE ephemeris files (SPK)............................................................................................ 124

8 Applicable Documents...................................................................................................................................... 124

FIGURES

Figure 1: View of GRAIL satellites. 10

Figure 2: Payload Block Diagram [26] 11

Figure 3. GRAIL Science Downlink Data Flow Diagram.. 18

Figure 4. GRAIL clocks, models, and measurements used for timing [17] 23

Figure 5: The GRAIL Mechanical Frame (MF) [23] 24

Figure 6: GRAIL thruster locations (XYZ is the same as X_MY_MZ_M in text) 25

Figure 7: GRAIL thruster locations (XYZ is the same as X_MY_MZ_M in text) 25

Figure 8: GRAIL primary science spacecraft configuration (XYZ is the same as X_MY_MZ_M in text) 26

Figure 9: GRAIL extended science spacecraft configuration (XYZ is the same as X_MY_MZ_M in text) 27

TABLES

Table 1. Processing Levels. 9

Table 2. Summary of Data Products. 28

Table 3. DTC00 Record Format 31

Table 4. EHK00 Record Format 31

Table 5. LTB00 Record Format 32

Table 6. MAS00 Record Format 32

Table 7. SAE00 Record Format 32

Table 8. SCA00 Record Format 32

Table 9. TDE00 Record Format 33

Table 10. THR00 Record Format 33

Table 11. WRS00 Record Format 33

Table 12. CLK1A Record Format 34

Table 13. DEL1A Record Format 35

Table 14. EHK1A Record Format 35

Table 15. IHK1A Record Format 36

Table 16. IHS1A Record Format 36

Table 17. ILG1A Record Format 36

Table 18. KBR1A Record Format 37

Table 19. LTM1A Record Format 38

Table 20. MAS1A Record Format 38

Table 21. PCI1A Record Format 39

Table 22. PLT1A Record Format 39

Table 23. PPS1A Record Format 39

Table 24. REL1A Record Format 39

Table 25. SAE1A Record Format 40

Table 26. SBR1A Record Format 40

Table 27. SCA1A Record Format 41

Table 28. SNV1A Record Format 42

Table 29. TC11A Record Format 42

Table 30. TC21A Record Format 43

Table 31. TC31A Record Format 43

Table 32. TC41A Record Format 44

Table 33. TC51A Record Format 44

Table 34. TC61A Record Format 45

Table 35. THR1A Record Format 45

Table 36. USO1A Record Format 46

Table 37. VCM1A Record Format 46

Table 38. WRS1A Record Format 46

Table 39. CLK1B Record Format 48

Table 40. EHK1B Record Format 48

Table 41. GNI1B Record Format 49

Table 42. GNV1B Record Format 49

Table 43. KBR1C Record Format 50

Table 44. MAS1B Record Format 50

Table 45. SAE1B Record Format 51

Table 46. SBR1B Record Format 51

Table 47. SCA1B Record Format 52

Table 48. THR1B Record Format 52

Table 49. USO1B Record Format 53

Table 50. VCM1B Record Format 53

Table 51. VGS1B Record Format 55

Table 52. VGX1B Record Format 55

Table 53. VKB1B Record Format 55

Table 54. WRS1B Record Format 56

Table 55. BTM Record Format 56

Table 56. TDM Record Format 56

Table 57. XFR Record Format 57

DOCUMENT CHANGE LOG

Change	Date (mm/dd/yy)	Affected Portions
Version 1.0 submitted for peer review.	09/21/12	All
Version 1.1 submitted for PDS release.	12/13/12	All
Version 1.2 initial team RDR review.	03/11/13	All
Version 1.3 release 2 updates.	06/11/13	All
Version 1.4 adjusted SHBDR file name. Submitted for RDR review.	06/18/13	4.2.6.3
Version 1.5 RDR peer review updates.	08/23/13	4.2.4, 7.3.4.1-7.3.4.4
Version 1.6 updated for Version 04 data.	04/01/14	All
Version 1.7 PDS release 5 updates.	06/18/14	4.2.6.3, 7.3.4.1
Version 1.8 PDS release 7 updates.	05/03/16	4.33, 8

1 Purpose and Scope of Document

This document provides a detailed description of data products at all levels for the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) Mission. The data products specified in this document are obtained from the science instruments and subsystems on board the twin GRAIL spacecraft; some include the results of ground data processing carried out by the GRAIL Science Data System (SDS). Also included are data products from the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) and products that resulted from processing by GRAIL Science Team members at their home institutions.

The GRAIL Science Data System (SDS) is defined as the infrastructure at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for the collection of all science and ancillary data relevant to the GRAIL mission. It includes hardware, software tools, procedures, and trained personnel. The SDS receives data from three sources (as described below) and carries out calibration, editing, and processing to produce NASA Level 1A and 1B GRAIL science data as described below.

The GRAIL archive comprises the following four separate volumes (also known as data sets):

GRAIL-L-LGRS-2-EDR-V1.0 – Raw science data, originating from spacecraft telemetry, in time order with duplicates and transmission errors removed. Also known as NASA Level 0 science data (NASA processing levels are described in section 2) and stored in this archive for historical purposes only. All Level 0 products have been processed to Level 1A by the GRAIL SDS.

GRAIL-L-LGRS-3-CDR-V1.0 – Calibrated and resampled engineering (e.g., star tracker data and timing) and science data acquired from the Lunar Gravity and Ranging System (LGRS). NASA Level 1A and 1B.

GRAIL-L-RSS-2-EDR-V1.0 – Raw Radio Science data acquired at the Deep Space Network.

GRAIL-L-LGRS-5-RDR-V1.0 – Lunar gravitational field, NASA Level 2 data. Includes SPICE geometry and navigation kernels created by the GRAIL SDS. SPICE is the ephemeris, orientation, and event information system developed by the Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF) at NASA’s JPL (see section 7.2).

The above data set identifiers (IDs) may be abbreviated as LGRS EDR, LGRS CDR, RSS EDR, and LGRS RDR in the sections that follow. The first digit in each data set ID refers to the CODMAC processing level (see section 2).

2 Definitions of Data Processing Levels

The GRAIL Science Data System (SDS) uses NASA processing levels, which are defined in Table 1. Data set IDs use the processing levels defined by the Committee on Data Management, Archiving, and Computation (CODMAC), which are also given in Table 1.

Table 1. Processing Levels

NASA	CODMAC	Description
Packet data	Raw - Level 1	Telemetry with data embedded.
Level 0	Edited - Level 2	Corrected for telemetry errors and split or decommutated according to instrument. Sometimes called Experimental Data Record (EDR). Data are also tagged with time and location of acquisition.
Level 1A	Calibrated - Level 3	Edited data that are still in units produced by instrument, but that have been corrected so that values are expressed in or are proportional to some physical unit such as radiance. No resampling, so original values can be recovered.
Level 1B	Resampled - Level 4	Data that have been resampled in the time or space domains in such a way that the original edited data cannot be reconstructed. Could be calibrated in addition to being resampled.
Level 2	Derived - Level 5	Derived results, as maps, reports, graphics, etc.
	Ancillary - Level 6	Non-science data needed to generate calibrated or resampled data sets. Consists of instrument gains and/or offsets, pointing information for scan platforms, etc.

3 Relationships with Other Interfaces

The descriptions of data products in this document are consistent with the corresponding descriptions in “dataset” catalog files in the CATALOG directory of each GRAIL volume. File/directory names are consistent with the conventions used in the GRAIL Archive Volume Software Interface Specification (SIS) [16].

4 Data Product Characteristics and Environment

4.1 Instrument Overview

Lockheed Martin built GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B as near-twins (Figure 1). Each satellite contains the following components:

1) Rectangular bus

2) Fixed solar panels

3) Titanium diaphragm fuel tank

4) Ultra stable oscillator (USO), which drives onboard LGRS clock and provides frequency reference for S-, X-, and Ka-Band radio systems

5) Attitude control system (ACS) [23], consisting of:

a. Four reaction wheels to change attitude

b. Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to measure the rate components of angular rotation

c. Star Tracker to measure the absolute attitude

d. Sun Sensor

e. Eight thrusters, coupled to allow applications of torque

f. Main engine

6) Ka-band carrier phase tracking inter-satellite receiver/transmitter

7) S-band inter-satellite Time Transfer System (TTS)

8) Two low-gain antennas (LGA) for S-band communication with the DSN

9) Two Radio Science Beacons (RSB), which transmit X-band carriers to the DSN

For the mechanical and optical properties of the spacecraft, see GRAILCOMPONENTS.TXT in the CALIB directory [11].

Figure 1: View of GRAIL satellites

There are two payload elements on each GRAIL orbiter: the Lunar Gravity Ranging System (LGRS) which is the science instrument, and the MoonKAM lunar imager which is used for education and public outreach. The LGRS is based on the instrument used for the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission [32], which has been mapping Earth's gravity since 2002. The LGRS is responsible for sending and receiving the signals needed to accurately and precisely measure the changes in range between the two orbiters. The LGRS consists of an Ultra-Stable Oscillator (USO), Microwave Assembly (MWA), a Time-Transfer Assembly (TTA), and the Gravity Recovery Processor Assembly (GPA). See Figure 2.

Figure 2: Payload Block Diagram [26]

The USO provides a steady reference signal that is used by all of the instrument subsystems. Within the LGRS, the USO provides the reference frequency for the MWA and the TTA. The MWA converts the USO reference signal to the Ka-band frequency, which is transmitted to the other orbiter.

The function of the TTA is to provide a two-way time-transfer link between the spacecraft to both synchronize and measure the clock offset between the two LGRS clocks. The TTA generates an S-band signal from the USO reference frequency and sends a GPS-like ranging code to the other spacecraft. The GPA combines all the inputs received from the MWA and TTA to produce the radiometric data that are downlinked to the Deep Space Network. In addition to acquiring the inter-spacecraft measurements, the LGRS also provides a one-way signal to the DSN based on the USO, which is transmitted via the X-band Radio Science Beacon (RSB). The steady-state drift of the USO is measured via the one-way Doppler data provided by the RSB.

4.2 Data Product Overview

The scientific goals of the GRAIL project are achieved by measuring the lunar gravitational attraction on the two spacecraft; GRAIL’s instrumentation is specifically designed to sense this through relative motion between the two spacecraft and with DSN stations on Earth. The GRAIL payload on each spacecraft consists of a single science instrument called the Lunar Gravity Ranging System (LGRS), a Ka-band ranging system that determines the precise instantaneous relative range-rate of the two spacecraft. Also, as part of the LGRS, the GRAIL investigation requires a radio link from each spacecraft’s Radio Science Beacon to the stations of the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN).

The rest of this section gives an overview of the data products and the measurements GRAIL provides. Product name suffixes indicate NASA processing level. For example, the Level 1A S-band product is named SBR1A, and the Level 1B S-band product is SBR1B.

The Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD) [15] in the DOCUMENT directory contains a detailed description of the processing flow from EDR to CDR as implemented by the GRAIL SDS.

4.2.1 LGRS EDR (NASA Level 0 Products)

The GRAIL SDS receives science packets and engineering data from the JPL Ground Data System (GDS) (Figure 3). The LGRS EDR data set contains the raw data in time order with duplicates and transmission errors removed. These data are archived mainly for completeness, as they are immediately processed to Level 1A and/or 1B (the LGRS CDR data set) by the SDS. There are twelve product types in the LGRS EDR data set:

DTC00 - Time Correlation Data Record File (DRF) (ASCII) – Clock correlation among RTC, BTC, and the 1-per-second pulse associated with LGRS time. See section 4.2.2.1.

EHK00 - Spacecraft Engineering Housekeeping data, including temperature sensor data for locations near the LGRS instrumentation (ASCII)

LTB00 - LGRS Time Bias of the Lunar Gravity Ranging System in BTC time (ASCII). Accumulated list of biases over the complete mission. Biases apply to the LGRS time tag of both spacecraft

MAS00 - Satellite Mass Data (ASCII). Accumulated list of center of mass and spacecraft mass over the complete mission.

S7200 - Engineering SFDU ID #72 (binary)

S7300 - Science SFDU ID #73 (binary)

SAE00 - Solar Array Eclipse data, including solar array short circuit currents and open circuit voltages, to identify eclipse events for spacecraft ephemeris models (ASCII)

SCA00 - Star Tracker Data. Including attitudes from an on-board Kalman filter that processes Star Tracker attitude data and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) angular rotation data (ASCII)

STC00 - Time Correlation SFDU (binary)

TDE00 - measured time correlation between LGRS time and UTC, using Time Transfer System (TTS) S-Band ranging collected at DSS-24 (ASCII)

THR00 - Thruster Activation Data, including time tags, counts of cumulative work cycles for each thruster, recent thruster ‘on’ time, and cumulative thruster ‘on’ time (ASCII)

WRS00 – Wheel Rotational Speed data, including time tags, measures rotational wheel speed of each of four reaction wheels as determined by a digital tachometer (ASCII)

The SFDU products — S7200, S7300, and STC00 — are binary and contain (besides the appropriate headers) the unscaled, binary encoded instrument communication packets. For information on extracting the SFDU data contents. see the following in the DOCUMENT directory:

0161_telecomm_L5_8.txt [8]

0171_telecomm_NJPL_L5.txt [20]

090_RevC_1.txt [1], and

0172_Telecomm_CHDO_RevE_L5.TXT [35]

Each telemetry packet generated by the LGRS flight software is wrapped inside a packet called a BlackJack Protocol Frame, which ensures the integrity of the data; Blackjack was inherited from the predecessor Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) terrestrial gravity mission. The documents GPA_TD_D_71987_REVE.TXT [14] and BlackJackDLP.txt [12] in the DOCUMENT directory describe the format of the Blackjack binary data for processing to Level 1A.

The remaining nine LGRS EDR product types are in ASCII format.

4.2.2 LGRS CDR (NASA Level 1A and Level 1B Products)

The LGRS CDR data set contains (calibrated and resampled) Level 1A and 1B science data from the Lunar Gravity Ranging System. All forty-three LGRS CDR file types are in ASCII format. Most of the file types apply to both spacecraft separately. A few apply to both spacecraft together, as they are indicative of a relationship between the two.

4.2.2.1 Timing [17]

GRAIL timing (discussed further in section 4.3.2) requires coordination of three clocks on each satellite, and two time standards:

1. LGRS: Lunar Gravity Ranging System clock. Very stable clock for on-board Ka-band ranging (KBR), X-band (RSB), and S-band (TTS) instruments. Driven by an Ultra-Stable Oscillator (USO). Set to 0 when booted. Produces a pulse per second (pps) signal. LGRS time starts at 0 seconds when powered on. The SDS adds a bias to LGRS time to create an approximate UTC time tag. This time will be referred to as LGRS + bias.

2. BTC: Base Time Clock. On-board satellite clock, comparable in stability to a wristwatch. Roughly synced to UTC at launch time.

3. RTC: Real Time Clock. Flight software clock. Set to 0 when booted. Relatively unstable clock.

4. UTC: Coordinated Universal Time.

5. TDB: Barycentric Dynamical Time.

Seven Level 1A products establish the relationships among the clocks:

TC11A: LGRS to BTC, approximated by flight software.

TC21A: LGRS to BTC. more accurate mapping than TC11A, from BTC clock cycle counts.

TC31A: BTC to RTC.

TC41A: LGRS to RTC.

TC51A: RTC to UTC.

TC61A: UTC to TDB. One product applies to both spacecraft.

CLK1A: TDB toLGRS.

An approximation of the relativistic time correction from TDB to on-board satellite proper time is calculated in the REL1A product, treating the moon as a point mass, based on [17]:

where t = proper time, t = coordinate time, U = gravitational potential, v = velocity, and L is a constant offset (1.550520e-8).

Measurements from the S-band time transfer system (TTS) are processed to produce DEL1A, which lists inter-satellite LGRS clock offset between spacecraft by TDB time.

Radio Science Receivers (RSR), located at DSN sites and discussed in section 4.2.3, record X-band Radio Science Beacon (RSB) signals. Since the LGRS clock drives the RSB, LGRS frequency at TDB can be estimated for USO1A.

A PPS1A product is also created, listing the LGRS time of PPS signals.

A least squares fit to DEL1A, CLK1A, and USO1A produces CLK1B and USO1B, best estimates of LGRS to TDB and LGRS frequency at TDB.

The TTS Direct-to-Earth (DTE) experiment was devised to independently measure the absolute clock offset between the GRAIL Moon orbiters and Earth. This experiment prompted the development of software for acquiring weak signals and extracting observables (i.e., phase, range, range rate). Data collected during TTS DTE tracks enabled SDS team to compute more accurately the delay in the spacecraft which led to a more accurate gravity field solutions. The TTS DTE activities were done about once per week due to limitations in geometry and equipment availability at the DSN. Specifically, only DSS-24 had the necessary equipment allocated to collect the data.

The TDE00 product is the result of the TTS DTE experiment. TDE00 data provide the only direct measurement of the absolute LGRS time tag. This measurement is used to calibrate the CLK1A product as part of the generation of the CLK1B product.

4.2.2.2 Position

As an improved estimate for the Moon’s gravity field is built, GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B orbital solutions are improved. Best estimates of the ephemerides are saved in two frames (further detailed in section 4.3.3):

GNI1B: EME 2000 Lunar-Centered Solar System Barycentric Frame

GNV1B: DE 421 Lunar Body-Fixed Frame

From the best ephemeris solution, spacecraft to DSN relative position and light time are computed in EME 2000 (LTM1A), and spacecraft to spacecraft relative position and light time are computed in DE 421 (PLT1A).

4.2.2.3 Ka-band

GRAIL science depends on estimating the relative movements of GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B. The estimate depends primarily on an inter-satellite Ka-band system: GRAIL-A carrier-phase-tracks a Ka-band signal from GRAIL-B, and GRAIL-B carrier-phase-tracks a Ka-band signal from GRAIL-A. In each continuous phase arc, carrier-phase gives a one-way range, biased by an unknown constant.

KBR1A records raw carrier-phase measurements, flagged for phase breaks. Gaps of up to 2 seconds are filled in by quadratic interpolation; longer gaps are classified as “missing data.”

KBR1C contains biased dual one-way range between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B [17], digitally filtered, but not corrected for time of flight or antenna offset. After the dual one-way range combination has been formed, gaps of up to 20 seconds are filled in by quadratic interpolation. KBR1C also contains corrections for time of flight and antenna offset from center of mass.

In addition, KBR1C also contains the first and second derivatives of the biased dual one-way range between GRAIL-A and –B and associated time of flight and antenna offset corrections.

In general, the instantaneous range, range rate, and range acceleration is used for scientific analysis. The instantaneous range, range rate, and range acceleration are computed by adding the time of flight correction and antenna offset correction to the dual one-way range, range rate, or range acceleration measurement.

This (level 1B) product is designated as ‘1C’ to distinguish it from earlier versions of KBR1B which did not contain an additional four columns of information on the temperature range corrections. The raw temperature range correction, filtered temperature range correction, filtered temperature range rate correction, and filtered temperature range acceleration correction are the final four columns of the KBR1C product.

4.2.2.4 S-band

The S-band inter-satellite Time Transfer System (TTS) produces files in parallel to the Ka-band system mentioned above. Carrier phase and a modulating range code are tracked in products SBR1A and SBR1B, which are analogous to KBR1A and KBR1C. In SBR1B, a more accurate range is produced by carrier smoothing over each arc.

The SNV1A S-band navigation product contains ancillary information for TTS, which primarily serves to tell the ground whether GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B are communicating correctly with each other.

4.2.2.5 Satellite Attitude

Because GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B antennas are offset from the spacecraft center of mass, distance between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B Ka-band antennas depends on spacecraft attitude. An on-board Kalman filter processes Star Tracker attitude data and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) angular rotation data. Filtered attitudes are saved in SCA1A, tagged by BTC time.

SCA1B contains the same results, tagged by TDB.

PCI1A lists Ka-band antenna range corrections, range rate corrections, and range acceleration corrections.

WRS1A lists rotational wheel speed data for each of the spacecraft’s four reaction wheels, as determined by digital tachometer. WRS1B lists the same information in TDB.

4.2.2.6 Events

GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B events are noted in a variety of files. ILG1A contains log messages from the LGRS. SAE1A lists solar array short circuit currents and voltages, to identify eclipse events for spacecraft ephemeris models. THR1A contains thruster activation data, including time tags, cumulative work cycles by thruster, current thruster on time, and cumulative thruster on time.

SAE1B and THR1B contain the same information as in SAE1A and THR1A, but time-tagged by TDB rather than UTC SCET.

4.2.2.7 Satellite Condition

On-board sensors and a priori information describe spacecraft condition. EHK1A contains temperature sensor data for locations near LGRS instruments. Housekeeping data for the LGRS in IHK1A includes voltage, temperature, and current measurements; IHS1A includes other LGRS status data. MAS1A lists spacecraft mass as a function of UTC time, while VCM1A describes center of mass displacement from the spacecraft mechanical frame origin.

EHK1B, MAS1B, and VCM1B list results relative to TDB rather than UTC SCET.

The VKB1B file is the Ka boresight vector, as a result of Ka-Band boresight calibration analysis and is stored in VKB1B format in TDB format. Therefore, no VKB1A file exists.

4.2.2.8 DSN Tracking

GRAIL transmits information to the Deep Space Network using S-band. S-band communication from each GRAIL spacecraft to the DSN depends on a pair of low-gain antennas (LGAs), located on opposite sides of the spacecraft. At a given TDB, only one antenna can communicate with the DSN. The VGS1B product contains a time history of the active S-Band antenna phase center location, in TDB time. The vector is described in the Mechanical Frame (MF).

Each GRAIL spacecraft also transmits an unmodulated X-band carrier to the DSN through one of a pair of Radio Science Beacons (RSB). The VGX1B product contains a time history of the active X-Band antenna phase center location, in TDB time, The vector is described in the Mechanical Frame (MF).

4.2.3 RSS EDR

The RSS EDR data set contains raw radio science data, which include DSN Doppler tracking data, open-loop data, media calibrations, and others.

4.2.3.1 DSN Radio Data

X-Band Open-Loop data, used in the creation of USO1A (LGRS CDR data set), are recorded at the DSN on the Radio Science Receiver (RSR). The RSR is a computer-controlled open loop receiver that digitally records a spacecraft signal using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and up to four digital filter sub-channels. The digital samples from each sub-channel are stored to disk in one-second records in real time. In near real time the one-second records are partitioned and formatted into a sequence of RSR Standard Format Data Units (SFDUs) which are transmitted to the Advanced Multi-Mission Operations System (AMMOS) at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Included in each RSR SFDU are the ancillary data necessary to reconstruct the signal represented by the recorded data samples. See 0159_science_l5.txt [9] in the document directory for more information on this data type.

S-Band closed-loop data are recorded at the DSN and stored as Orbit Data Files (ODFs). ODFs are produced by the NASA/JPL Multi-Mission Navigation Radio Metric Data Conditioning Team for use in determining spacecraft trajectories, gravity fields affecting them, and radio propagation conditions.  Each ODF consists of many 36-byte logical records, which fall into 7 primary groups plus an End-of-File Group.  An ODF usually contains most groups, but may not have all.  The first record in each of the 7 primary groups is a header record; depending on the group, there may be from zero to many data records following each header. See nav023_odf_2_18_rev3.htm [18] in the document directory for more information.

The SDS also archives the Tracking and Navigation File (TNF). The TNF data type captures radiometric tracking data for delivery to navigation and radio science users from the Telecommunications Services at JPL. The product replaces data types formerly known as Archival Tracking Data Files and others. See tnfsis.txt [6] in the document directory for information. Although the TNF is not used for processing by the SDS, it is saved in parallel with the ODF for this archive.

RSR data are processed by the SDS to determine the X-Band sky frequency (XFR, an ASCII file) at the DSN versus UTC-Earth Received Time. XFR data are converted into Tracking Data Messages (TDM, also ASCII [34]). From the TDM, the (binary) Open Loop File (OLF) is created. The OLF contains the sky frequency information derived from RSR data, but in the format of the ODF. Along with the closed-loop S-Band ODF, the X-Band OLF is used for orbit determination, which is recorded in the GNI, GNV, LTM, and PLT products in the LGRS CDR data set.

The "biased TDM" product (BTM, ASCII [34]) is in exactly the same format as the TDM. It is generated by subtracting off a one-way Doppler frequency bias at X-band from the TDM file containing the raw one-way Doppler measurement provided by the radio science team. The one-way Doppler frequency bias was estimated every orbit (approximately 2 hours) as part of the gravity field determination process and the estimates are reported in the USO1A data product. The one-way Doppler bias is computed by linearly interpolating the one-way Doppler bias time series in the USO1A product to the time tag of the one-way Doppler measurement. The computed one-way Doppler bias is then subtracted from the original raw TDM value and the result in stored in the "biased TDM" product. The "biased TDM" product is intended to remove non-linear drifts in the one-way Doppler bias induced by solar activity during the GRAIL mission.

The (binary) Biased Open Loop File (BOF) is the same format as the OLF and is converted from the BTM.

4.2.3.2 Ancillary DSN Data

To calibrate the radio data recorded at the DSN, several data types are also collected as listed below:

The DSN and flight projects use Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), which include Universal Time and Polar Motion data, in the process of performing orbit determination and generating prediction data. See trk_2_21_950831.txt [21] in the document directory.

Ionospheric Media Calibrations (ION) are created by the Radio Metric Modeling and Calibration (RMC) Subsystem and delivered to a central repository on the flight operations network by the DSN Operations and Maintenance Contract (OMC) Media Analyst. Ionosphere calibration files are specific to one spacecraft or other user and provide one calibration per tracking pass or other time period of interest at each Deep Space Communications Complex (DSCC) or Deep Space Station (DSS). See dsn006_medialcal_rev2.htm [27] in the document directory.

Tropospheric Media Calibrations (TRO) are created by the Radio Metric Modeling and Calibration (RMC) Subsystem and delivered to a central repository on the flight operations network by the DSN Operations and Maintenance Contract (OMC) Media Analyst. Troposphere calibration files are spacecraft-independent; their calibrations collectively cover all 24 hours of each day at each Deep Space Communications Complex (DSCC) in contiguous “passes” of approximately six hours each. Two troposphere calibrations are provided for each such pass: a “dry” tropospheric delay calibration and a “wet” tropospheric delay calibration. See dsn006_medialcal_rev2.htm [27] in the document directory.

Weather data (WEA) provided by the Deep Space Network (DSN) are used by radio science teams and other investigators to estimate meteorological corrections to radio tracking and propagation data. Measurements are recorded at one-minute intervals, thinned to a sampling rate that is determined by the user accuracy requirements, and delivered post-real time at intervals that are determined by the timeliness requirement of the primary users and by negotiations with the various DSN users. There will be one file per weather station at each complex for each delivery interval. See t2_24_l5.htm [10] in the document directory.

4.2.4 LGRS RDR (NASA Level 2 Products)

The LGRS RDR data set contains Level 2 products resulting from analysis of the GRAIL science data. The products include:

The Spherical Harmonics ASCII Data Record (SHADR), which contains ASCII coefficients and/or an ASCII covariance matrix for a spherical harmonic expansion of the lunar gravity field. See shadr.htm [29] in the document directory.

The Spherical Harmonics Binary Data Record (SHBDR), which contains binary coefficients and/or a binary covariance matrix for a spherical harmonic expansion of the lunar gravity fields. See shbdr.htm [30] in the document directory.

Radio Science Digital Map Products (RSDMAP), which are geoid, isostatic anomaly, Bouguer anomaly, or other digital maps derived primarily from GRAIL science results including the spherical harmonics models above. See rsdmap.htm [19] in the document directory.

SPICE Spacecraft and Planet Ephemeris Kernels (SPK), which are the physical realization of two logical elements of the SPICE system––the S-kernel (spacecraft ephemeris) and the ephemeris portion of the P-kernel (planet, satellite, asteroid and comet ephemerides). When read using an appropriate subroutine from the SPICE Toolkit, an SPK file will yield state vectors––Cartesian position and velocity––of one user-specified ephemeris object relative to another, at a specified epoch and in a specified reference frame. See SPK_MM_SIS.HTM [5] in the document directory.

The SPK products in this data set differ from those archived by GRAIL navigation; they are created by the GRAIL SDS and make use of the LGRS to provide a more refined solution than those produced by GRAIL Navigation.

4.2.5 Data Flow and Product Generation

As shown in the downlink data flow diagram (Figure 3), telemetry packets from the Deep Space Network (DSN) are placed on the Telemetry Delivery System (TDS). Science data and engineering data packets are transferred from the TDS to the GRAIL SDS computers on a regular basis. The SDS also receives Level 1 Doppler (tracking) data from the Radio Science Group (X-band) and the Tracking Data System (S-band). Finally, the SDS receives high-rate telemetry data from the Multi-Mission Distributed Object Manager (MMDOM) servers, placed there by the Lockheed Mission Operations Center (MOC).

Figure 3. GRAIL Science Downlink Data Flow Diagram

4.2.6 Labeling and Identification

4.2.6.1 LGRS EDR and LGRS CDR File Naming Convention

For all LGRS data, the product identifier, in conjunction with either a date or a range of dates in a specified format, determines the filename containing the data product.

The file naming convention for most Level 0/1A/1B LGRS products is:

PRDID_YYYY_MM_DD_S_VV.EXT

where

PRDID product identification label, e.g. CLK1B

YYYY year

MM month

DD day of month

S GRAIL satellite identifier:

A GRAIL-A

B GRAIL-B

X combined product of GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B

VV data product version number (starting from 00)

EXT file extension indicating binary (DAT) or ASCII (ASC) files

The Product ID (PRDID) is of the form XXXLL, where:

XXX is a three-character mnemonic, and

LL specifies the data product Level (00, 1A, 1B).

The only exception to this naming convention is TDE00. To accommodate multiple direct-to-earth measurements within the same day, the convention is the same as above with the addition of the start time in seconds past midnight (NNNNN):

PRDID_YYYY_MM_DD_S_NNNNN_VV.EXT

4.2.6.2 RSS EDR File Naming Convention

Orbit Data Files (ODFs) and Tracking and Navigation Files (TNFs) are named, respectively, as follows:

sssttaayyyy_ddd_hhmmwuudV#.odf,

sssttaayyyy_ddd_hhmmwuudV#.tnf,

where

sss 3-character spacecraft identifier

GRA GRAIL-A

GRB GRAIL-B

GRX both

tt Target ID, e.g., LU = Moon

aa Activity/Experiment ID, e.g. GF = gravity field

yyyy year

ddd day of year

hhmm hours/minutes

w Ground Transmitter Band(s):

N none

M multiple

S S-band

X X-band

uu Uplinking Station(s) = the DSN station number, or

NN none

MM multiple

d way

1 one-way

2 two-way

M multiple

V# version number

Radio Science Receiver (RSR) data, Tracking Data Messages (TDM), Biased Tracking Data Messages (BTM), Sky Frequency Files (XFR), Open Loop Files (OLF), and Biased Open Loop Files (BOF) are named, respectively, as follows:

sssttaayyyyddd_hhmmxuudrrpD.rcs,

sssttaayyyyddd_hhmmxuudrrpD.tdm,

sssttaayyyyddd_hhmmxuudrrpD.btm,

sssttaayyyyddd_hhmmxuudrrpD.xfr,

sssttaayyyyddd_hhmmxuudrrpD.olf

sssttaayyyyddd_hhmmxuudrrpD.bof

where:

sss 3-character spacecraft identifier

GRA GRAIL-A

GRB GRAIL-B

tt Target ID, e.g., LU = Moon

aa Activity/Experiment ID, e.g. GF = gravity field

yyyy year

ddd day of year

hhmm hours/minutes

xuu Uplink Transmitter Band (e.g., S, X) and 2-digit Uplinking Station number, or

"NNN" = 1-way

drr Downlink Band (e.g., X) and 2-digit Receiving Station number

p Polarization

L = left hand;

R = right hand;

M = mixed

D Open-loop data type

D RSR data

V VSR data

W WVSR data

rcs RSR number + channel + subchannel

tdm Tracking Data Message

btm Biased Tracking Data Message

xfr Sky Frequency File

olf Open Loop File

bof Biased Open Loop File

Ionospheric Media Calibration (ION) files, Tropospheric Media Calibration (TRO) files, Earth Orientation Parameter (EOP) files, and weather (WEA) files are named, respectively, as follows:

sssttaaYYYY_DDD_yyyy_ddd.ion,

sssttaaYYYY_DDD_yyyy_ddd.tro,

sssttaaYYYY_DDD_yyyy_ddd.eop,

sssttaaYYYYDDDyyyyddd_##.wea,

where:

sss 3-character spacecraft identifier

GRA GRAIL-A

GRB GRAIL-B

GRX both

tt Target ID, e.g., LU = Moon

aa Activity/Experiment ID, e.g. GF = gravity field

YYYY start year

DDD start day of year

yyyy end year

ddd end day of year

## DSN station number

4.2.6.3 LGRS RDR File Naming Convention

Spherical Harmonics ASCII Data Records (SHADR) and Spherical Harmonics Binary Data Records (SHBDR) are named, respectively, as follows:

GTsss_nnnnvv_SHA.TAB,

GTsss_nnnnvv_SHB_Lccc.DAT,

where

G denotes the generating institution

J Jet Propulsion Laboratory

G Goddard Space Flight Center

M Massachusetts Institute of Technology

T indicates the type of data represented

G gravity field

sss a 3-character modifier specified by the data producer. This modifier is used to indicate the source spacecraft or project, such as GRX (the pair of GRAIL spacecraft).

nnnnvv a 4- to 6-character modifier specified by the data producer. Among other things, this modifier may be used to indicate the target body, whether the SHADR contains primary data values as specified by "T" or uncertainties/errors, and/or the version number. For GRAIL, this modifier indicates the degree and order of the solution for the gravity field.

"SHA" or “SHB” denotes that this is an ASCII or binary file, respectively.

“Lccc” is a 2- to 4-character modifier specified by the data producer to indicate the degree and order to which degree (L) the gravity covariance has been truncated, if applicable.

"TAB" or “DAT” denotes that this is an ASCII or binary file, respectively.

Bouguer gravity data products will have the name "Bouguer" following the degree and order identifier, i.e. GTsss_nnnnvv_BOUGUER_SHA.TAB

Radio Science Digital Map Products (RSDMAP) are named as follows:

GTsss_ffff_nnnn_cccc.IMG,

where

G denotes the generating institution:

J Jet Propulsion Laboratory

G Goddard Space Flight Center

M Massachusetts Institute of Technology

T indicates the type of mission data represented:

G gravity field

sss a 3-character modifier specified by the data producer. This modifier is used to indicate the source spacecraft or project, such as GRX (the pair of GRAIL spacecraft).

ffff a 4- to 6-character modifier specified by the data producer to indicate the degree and order of the solution for the gravity field.

nnnn a 4- to 8-character modifier indicating the type of data represented:

ANOM free air gravity anomalies

ANOMERR free air gravity anomaly errors (1)

GEOID geoid heights

GEOIDERR geoid height errors (1)

BOUG Bouguer anomaly

ISOS isostatic anomaly

TOPO topography

MAGF magnetic field

DIST gravity disturbances

DEGSTR degree strength

(1) Geoid and gravity anomaly errors are computed from a mapping of the error covariance matrix of the gravity field solution.

cccc a 2- to 4-character modifier specified by the data producer to indicate the degree and order to which the potential solution (gravity, topography or magnetic field) has been evaluated. In the case of the error maps for the gravity anomalies or geoid, this field indicates to which maximum degree and order the error covariance was used to propagate the spatial errors.

.IMG the data is stored as an image.

Spacecraft and Planet Ephemeris Kernels (SPK) are named as follows:

sssttaaYYYY_DDD_yyyy_ddd.spk,

where:

sss 3-character spacecraft identifier

GRA GRAIL-A

GRB GRAIL-B

GRX both

tt Target ID, e.g., LU = Moon

aa Activity/Experiment ID, e.g. GF = gravity field

YYYY start year

DDD start day of year

yyyy end year

ddd end day of year

4.3 Standards Used in Generating Data Products

4.3.1 PDS Standards

All data products comply with Planetary Data System standards [25] for file formats and labels.

4.3.2 Time Standards

The objective of the GRAIL mission is to determine with high accuracy the lunar gravity field for scientific research. The input data for the gravity field determination process are Ka-Band phase measurements between the two GRAIL spacecraft; the phase measurements are used to compute the dual one-way range (DOWR). The DOWR measurement is then converted to instantaneous range, range rate and range acceleration measurements, which serve as inputs to the gravity field estimation process. Very accurate timing of the GRAIL measurements is crucial to achieving the high accuracy measurements needed for a high quality gravity field.

Science data from the GRAIL spacecraft are time tagged by onboard clocks. However, most of the SDS scientific computer programs process data with Barycentric Dynamic Time (TDB). Timing data from the Deep Space Network (DSN) and the onboard Time Transfer System (TTS) and frequency observations from the Radio Science Receiver (RSR) are combined to estimate the time tag conversion for the GRAIL science data. Figure 4 provides an overview of the relationships among the three timing systems; the three subsections which follow have additional detail.

Figure 4. GRAIL clocks, models, and measurements used for timing [17]

4.3.2.1 LGRS clock

Each spacecraft has an LGRS clock; its USO frequency reference makes it very stable. The LGRS clock is used for timing of the LGRS Ka-Band phase measurement and the ranging data from the TTS. The LGRS clock has no notion of absolute time; instead, the LGRS clock reading is with respect to its startup epoch.

4.3.2.2 Onboard spacecraft clocks

The Onboard Spacecraft Clocks (OSC) are run by crystal oscillators, which have inferior stability characteristics compared to the USO (and LGRS clock). The two OSC clocks are the Real Time Clock (RTC) and the Base Time Clock (BTC). The real time clock starts at 0 at boot-up of the onboard computer, whereas the Base Time Clock is set at launch and is never reset. The OSCs are used for time tagging all spacecraft data and the arrival of the LGRS data packets (which include the LGRS 1 Pulse per Second (PPS) packets) by the onboard computer. By time tagging the arrival of LGRS data packets and the arrival of the LGRS 1 PPS, a time correlation can be established between the LGRS clock and the OSCs.

The RTC is used to time stamp spacecraft time correlation packets, which are then transmitted to a DSN station where the arrival time is recorded in UTC, thus providing a time correlation between the RTC and UTC. By combining LGRS/BTC, BTC/RTC, and RTC/UTC time correlation products, a time correlation between the LGRS and UTC can be determined, and the OSC clocks drop out. Hence, the stability characteristics of the OSCs do not affect the LGRS and UTC time correlation because the OSC errors over short intervals (< 1 second) are less than 1 microsecond.

4.3.2.3 UTC clock used by DSN

The DSN uses very stable clocks which are based on the DSN Frequency and Timing Subsystem (FTS) [33]. The DSN time stamps the arrival of telemetry and radio metric tracking data in UTC. Based on FTS reports, the real-time timing performance is at the microsecond level and post processing analysis improves the performance to the nanosecond level.

4.3.3 Coordinate Systems

Four coordinate systems are used to define the various GRAIL data products; see [23] for detail. The definitions are summarized below.

1) Mechanical Frame (MF) (Figure 5): This is defined by the spacecraft manufacturer. It is the reference frame for such things as KBR horn location, center of mass, and thruster locations (Figures 6 and 7).

+X_M = Parallel to, and in opposite direction from, the solar array normal vector

+Z_M = Normal to star tracker bus plate

+Y_M = +Z_M ´ +X_M

An onboard attitude control system approximately orients the mechanical frame with -Z_M along the line of flight and -/+ Y_M pointed towards the moon. For the orientation of the mechanical frame, during the primary and extended missions, see figures 8 and 9.

2) Science Reference Frame (SRF): This is the Mechanical Frame as realized by the Star Tracker. If the Star Tracker were perfectly aligned, MF would equal SRF. SRF is the reference frame for GRAIL science measurements.

3) EME 2000 Lunar-Centered Solar System Barycentric Frame: This is the Earth Mean Equator 2000 inertial reference frame [31], re-centered at the moon using the DE 421 planetary ephemeris. It is the reference frame for ephemeris products.

4) DE 421 Lunar Body-Fixed Frame: This is the lunar body-fixed frame as defined in the DE 421 planetary ephemeris [13]. It is the reference frame for gravity products. GRGM1200A products use the DE 430 ephemeris [37].

Figure 5: The GRAIL Mechanical Frame (MF) [23]

Figure 6: GRAIL thruster locations (XYZ is the same as X_MY_MZ_M in text)

Figure 7: GRAIL thruster locations (XYZ is the same as X_MY_MZ_M in text)

Figure 8: GRAIL primary science spacecraft configuration (XYZ is the same as X_MY_MZ_M in text)

Figure 9: GRAIL extended science spacecraft configuration (XYZ is the same as X_MY_MZ_M in text)

4.4 Data Validation

Data validation occurs in three steps: validation of the data themselves, validation of the correctness and completeness of the data set documentation, and validation of the compliance of the archive with PDS standards. The primary method by which Science Team members will validate the various archive products is by using them for their own science. Calibrated data files (CDRs) will be derived from the raw data files (EDRs) in the archive; then reduced data records (RDRs) will be created from the archival CDRs. Errors in the raw and calibrated data products are likely to be caught by the science team in this process. The formal validation of data content, adequacy of documentation, and adherence to PDS archiving standards is finalized with an external peer review.

5 Detailed Data Product Specifications

5.1 Data Product Structure and Organization

The following table lists product identifiers and pointers to the corresponding format descriptions. Format descriptions can be found in the listed documents or in this document in section 5.2, Tables 3 through 53. Some products have headers, which are discussed in Section 5.3; all products have PDS labels, which are also discussed in Section 5.3.

A summary of all data products, including their product identifiers, follows.

Table 2. Summary of Data Products

Data Set	Product Identifier (XXXLL)	S/C^*	Clock	Product	Format Description in DOCUMENT Directory…	… or Section 5.2 Table
LGRS EDR	DTC00	A/B	UTC SCET	Time Correlation Data Record File (DRF)		3
	EHK00	A/B	UTC SCET	Spacecraft Engineering Housekeeping Data		4
	LTB00	X	BTC	LGRS Time Bias		5
	MAS00	A/B	UTC SCET	Satellite Mass Data		6
	S7200	A/B	UTC SCET	Engineering SFDU (ID #72)	0161_TELECOMM_L5_8.LBL 0171_TELECOMM_NJPL_L5.LBL 090_REVC_1.LBL 0172_TELECOMM_CHDO_REVE_L5.LBL GPA_TD_D_71987_REVE.LBL BLACKJACKDLP.LBL
	S7300	A/B	UTC SCET	Science SFDU (ID #73)	0161_TELECOMM_L5_8.LBL 0171_TELECOMM_NJPL_L5.LBL 090_REVC_1.LBL 0172_TELECOMM_CHDO_REVE_L5.LBL GPA_TD_D_71987_REVE.LBL BLACKJACKDLP.LBL
	SAE00	A/B	UTC SCET	Solar Array Eclipse Data		7
	SCA00	A/B	UTC SCET	Star Tracker Data		8
	STC00	A/B	UTC SCET	Time Correlation SFDU	0161_TELECOMM_L5_8.LBL 0171_TELECOMM_NJPL_L5.LBL 090_REVC_1.LBL 0172_TELECOMM_CHDO_REVE_L5.LBL
	TDE00	A/B	UTC ERT	Time Transfer System Direct to Earth		9
	THR00	A/B	UTC SCET	Thruster Activation Data		10
	WRS00	A/B	UTC SCET	Wheel Rotational Speed Data		11
LGRS CDR	CLK1A	A/B	TDB	TDB to LGRS time correlation		12
	DEL1A	X	LGRS + Bias	Inter-satellite LGRS clock offset		13
	EHK1A	A/B	UTC SCET	Spacecraft temperature sensor data from Engineering Housekeeping data		14
	IHK1A	A/B	LGRS +Bias	LGRS Housekeeping Data		15
	IHS1A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	Level 1A LGRS Health Status data		16
	ILG1A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	LGRS log messages		17
	KBR1A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	Ka-Band Ranging Data		18
	LTM1A	A/B	TDB	Position vector and light time between one S/C and DSN station		19
	MAS1A	A/B	UTC SCET	Satellite Mass Data		20
	PCI1A	A/B	TDB	Phase Center to Center of Mass Correction		21
	PLT1A	X	TDB	Position vector and light time between two spacecraft		22
	PPS1A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	LGRS Pulse Per Second (PPS) Time Record		23
	REL1A	A/B	TDB	Relativistic time correction (TDB to onboard satellite proper time)		24
	SAE1A	A/B	UTC SCET	Solar Array Eclipse Data		25
	SBR1A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	S-Band Ranging Data		26
	SCA1A	A/B	BTC	Star Tracker Data		27
	SNV1A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	S-Band navigation product		28
	TC11A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	LGRS to BTC time correlation		29
	TC21A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	LGRS to BTC time correlation from BTC clock cycle counts		30
	TC31A	A/B	BTC	BTC to RTC time correlation		31
	TC41A	A/B	LGRS + Bias	LGRS to RTC time correlation		32
	TC51A	A/B	RTC	RTC to UTC time correlation		33
	TC61A	X	UTC	UTC to TDB time correlation		34
	THR1A	A/B	UTC SCET	Thruster Activation Data		35
	USO1A	A/B	TDB	Oscillator frequency data		36
	VCM1A	A/B	UTC SCET	center of mass displacement from spacecraft mechanical frame origin		37
	WRS1A	A/B	UTC SCET	Wheel Rotational Speed Data		38
	CLK1B	A/B	LGRS + Bias	Time correlation between LGRS time +Bias and TDB		39
	EHK1B	A/B	TDB	Spacecraft temperature sensor data from Engineering Housekeeping Data		40
	GNI1B	A/B	TDB	satellite orbit solution in Moon centered Inertial frame		41
	GNV1B	A/B	TDB	satellite orbit Solution in lunar body fixed frame		42
	KBR1C	X	TDB	Dual-One-Way Ka-Band Ranging Data		43
	MAS1B	A/B	TDB	Satellite Mass Data		44
	SAE1B	A/B	TDB	Solar Array Eclipse Data		45
	SBR1B	X	TDB	Dual one-way S-Band Ranging data		46
	SCA1B	A/B	TDB	Star Tracker Data		47
	THR1B	A/B	TDB	Thruster Activation Data		48
	USO1B	A/B	TDB	USO Frequency Estimate		49
	VCM1B	A/B	TDB	center of mass displacement from spacecraft mechanical frame origin		50
	VGS1B	A/B	TDB	S-Band antenna offset vector and switch time (TDB time)		51
	VGX1B	A/B	TDB	X-Band antenna offset vector and switch time (TDB time)		52
	VKB1B	A/B	TDB	Ka-Band Boresight Vector		53
	WRS1B	A/B	TDB	Wheel Rotational Speed Data		54
RSS EDR	BOF	A/B	UTC	Biased Open Loop File	SEE LABEL FILE
	BTM	A/B	UTC	Biased Tracking Data Message Standard		55
	EOP	X	TDB	Earth Orientation Parameters	TRK_2_21_950831.LBL
	ION	A/B	UTC	Ionospheric Media Calibration	DSN006_MEDIACAL_REV2.LBL
	ODF	A/B	UTC	Tracking Data, Orbit Data File	SEE LABEL FILE
	OLF	A/B	UTC	Open Loop File	SEE LABEL FILE
	RSR	A/B	UTC	Radio Science Receiver 0159	SEE LABEL FILE
	TDM	A/B	UTC	Tracking Data Message Standard		56
	TNF	A/B	UTC	Tracking and Navigation File	TNFSIS.LBL
	TRO	X	UTC	Tropospheric Media Calibration	DSN006_MEDIACAL_REV2.LBL
	WEA	X	UTC	Weather Files	TRK_2_24.LBL
	XFR	A/B	UTC	X-Band sky frequency		57
LGRS RDR	RSDMAP	X	N/A	Radio Science Digital Map Products	RSDMAP.LBL
	SHADR	X	N/A	Spherical Harmonics ASCII Data Record	SHADR.LBL
	SHBDR	X	N/A	Spherical Harmonics Binary Data Record	SHBDR.LBL
	SPK	A/B	TDB	Spacecraft Ephemeris Kernel	SPK_MM_SIS.LBL

* Spacecraft: Value “A/B” means that there is one file for GRAIL-A and a second file for GRAIL-B; value “X” means that GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B data are combined into a single file

5.2 Data Format Descriptions

For all LGRS RDR data, see documentation in Table 2 for format descriptions.

5.2.1 LGRS EDR (Level 0) Products

For S7200, S7300, and STC00 in LGRS EDR, see documentation in Table 2 for format descriptions. All other LGRS EDR (Level 0) products are in ASCII format and are delimited by a variable number of white spaces as described in Tables 3 through 10.

Table 3. DTC00 Record Format

Column #	DTC00 Time Correlation (DRF) Record Data may be missing in fields 2 through 7
1	UTC SCET (YY/DDD-HH:MM:SS.sss)
2.	Clock BTC fractional second counter (1/65536 seconds)
3.	Clock BTC second counter
4.	Clock USO fractional seconds count (1/65536 seconds) since last 1 PPS arrival at on board computer
5.	Clock USO seconds counter since last 1 PPS arrival at on board computer
6.	BTC Bias (seconds)
7.	RTC Seconds
8.	Application Packet ID

Table 4. EHK00 Record Format

Column #	EHK00 Level 0 Space temperature sensors for KBR data correction
1.	UTC SCET Time YY/DDD-HH:MM:SS.sss
2.	(Microwave Assembly T1 Temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
3.	(Microwave Assembly T2 Temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
4.	(Waveguide Transmit Module Ka-Band Assembly temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
5.	(Waveguide Transmit Module Microwave Assembly temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
6.	(Waveguide Receive Module Middle of Span temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
7.	(Waveguide Transmit Module Middle of Span temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
8.	(Aperture temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
9.	(Radome temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
10.	(Horn Base temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
11.	(Midway on Horn temperature in C + 273.0718) / 0.1220652
12.	(Orthomode transducer (where transmit and receive modules are split off at base of horn) temperature + 273.0718) / 0.1220652 in C
13.	Ground Data System Application Packet Identification

Table 5. LTB00 Record Format

Column #

LTB00

LGRS Time Bias

BTC time (seconds)

LGRS Bias (seconds)

Table 6. MAS00 Record Format

Column #	MAS00 Level 0 Spacecraft Mass Data
1.	Spacecraft Event name
2.	UTC SCET Date MM/DD/YYYY
3.	UTC SCET Day of Year YY-DDD
4.	UTC SCET Maneuver End Time HH:MM:SS.sss
5.	Fuel Mass Remaining Book Keeping (kg)
6.	Fuel Mass Remaining Book Keeping Uncertainty (kg)
7.	Post Maneuver Spacecraft Mass
8.	Post Maneuver Center of Mass X coordinate (meters) in mechanical reference frame
9.	Post Maneuver Center of Mass Y coordinate (meters) in mechanical reference frame
10.	Post Maneuver Center of Mass Z coordinate (meters) in mechanical reference frame
11.	Post Maneuver Boresight Vector X coordinate
12.	Post Maneuver Boresight Vector Y coordinate
13.	Post Maneuver Boresight Vector Z coordinate

Table 7. SAE00 Record Format

Column #	SAE00 Level 0 Solar array eclipse data
1.	UTC SCET Time YY/DDD-HH:MM:SS.sss
2.	Solar array short circuit current (Amperes / 2.442000E-04), as reported by the Solar Array Battery Control
3.	Solar array open circuit voltage (Volts / 9.760000E-04), as reported by the Solar Array Battery Control
4.	GDS Application Packet Identification

Table 8. SCA00 Record Format

Column #	SCA00 Level 0 Star Tracker Data
1.	UTC SCET Time YY/DDD-HH:MM:SS.sss
2.	1st element of current spacecraft attitude quaternion based on the onboard filter, phased as inertial to body.
3.	2nd element of current spacecraft attitude quaternion based on the onboard filter, phased as inertial to body.
4.	ADS (quat_body(3)). 3rd element of current spacecraft attitude quaternion based on the onboard filter, phased as inertial to body.
5.	ADS (quat_body(4)). Scalar component of current spacecraft attitude quaternion based on the onboard filter, phased as inertial to body.
6.	Star tracker time stamp (SCLK) of current spacecraft attitude quaternion based on the onboard filter
7.	GDS Application Packet Identification number

Table 9. TDE00 Record Format

Column #	TDE00 Time Transfer System Direct to Earth Data
1.	DERT = UTC-ERT: Seconds past initial start time in header (Data Date), indicating the time at which measurements in columns 2-4 were made
2.	Range (seconds), integrated carrier phase measurement with N-cycle ambiguity unresolved
3.	Pseudo range (seconds). Equal to Column 1 minus Column 4 plus a constant to set the pseudo range equal to zero at the start of the first observation of the primary and extended mission
4.	Transmit Time of the TTS range code in LGRS time (seconds). Computed by decoding the GRAIL data message and adding fractional timing information from the Code Delay Lock Loop

Table 10. THR00 Record Format

Column #	THR00 Level 0 Thruster Activation Data
1.	UTC SCET Time YY/DDD-HH:MM:SS.sss
2.	The cumulative on time for thruster Attitude Control System 1 (milliseconds).
3.	The cumulative on time for thruster Attitude Control System 2 (milliseconds).
4.	The cumulative on time for thruster Attitude Control System 3 (milliseconds).
5.	The cumulative on time for thruster Attitude Control System 4 (milliseconds).
6.	The cumulative on time for thruster Attitude Control System 5 (milliseconds).
7.	The cumulative on time for thruster Attitude Control System 6 (milliseconds).
8.	The cumulative on time for thruster Attitude Control System 7 (milliseconds).
9.	The cumulative on time for thruster Attitude Control System 8 (milliseconds).
10.	GDS Application Packet Identification

Table 11. WRS00 Record Format

Column #	WRS00 Level 0 Wheel Rotational Speed Data
1.	UTC SCET Activation Time YY/DDD-HH:MM:SS.sss
2.	Reaction wheel 1 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
3.	Reaction wheel 2 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
4.	Reaction wheel 3 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
5.	Reaction wheel 4 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)

5.2.2 LGRS CDR Products

All LGRS CDR (Level 1A & 1B) products are in ASCII format and are delimited by a variable number of white spaces as described in Tables 11 through 51.

Many of the following data types contain data product flags. Read right to left, the data product flags indicate, with a 1, the presence of a certain field (column) or, with a 0, the absence of that field in the remainder of the record. Fields indicated as being present will exist in the file in consecutive columns in the same order as shown in Tables 11 through 51, with no gaps or spaces for fields indicated as absent. As a result, the number of fields may vary from record to record and there will never be as many fields in the data record as columns specified in the governing table (unless all data product flag digits have been set to 1).

Some data types contain data quality flags, in which a 1 indicates that the corresponding description is true. The digits in the data quality flags are also read right to left.

For example, a KBR1A file might contain, in the data product flags, a 1 at digit 13 (fourteenth digit from the right), and the rest zeros. This would indicate that after the data quality flags in column seven, the eighth column would contain Ka-Band carrier phase data. There would be no additional columns for fields represented by zeros in the data product flag.

Some SBR1A files have records with data product flags 0000001000001000, meaning that received S-Band carrier phase and S-Band receiver channel follow the data quality flags. Other records in the same file have data product flags 0000001001001001, meaning that S-Band pseudo-range, received S-Band carrier phase, S-Band SNR, and S-Band receiver channel follow the data quality flags in that order. Thus, records with 9 fields are interleaved with records having 11 fields; no SBR1A record has all 23 columns defined.

5.2.2.1 Level 1A

Table 12. CLK1A Record Format

Column #	CLK1A Level 1A TDB to LGRS + Bias time correlation
1.	TDB time , in integer seconds
2.	TDB time , microseconds part
3.	Input Time scale where ‘T’ = TDB
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Not applicable
6.	eps_time (seconds), where LGRS + bias Time = TDB time + eps_time
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s) (not used by GRAIL, set to 0)
8.	clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 13. DEL1A Record Format

Column #	DEL1A Inter-satellite LGRS clock offset between spacecraft
1.	TDB time, in integer seconds
2.	TDB time, microseconds part
3.	Input Time scale where ‘T’ = TDB
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘X’ to indicate a single product for two spacecraft
5.	Not applicable
6.	eps_time (in LGRS seconds), where eps_time = LGRS-A clock – LGRS-B clock
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Clock offset corrected for LGRS resets. Identical to column 6 if no reset.
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 14. EHK1A Record Format

Column #	EHK1A Level 1A Spacecraft temperature sensor data from Engineering Housekeeping data for KBR data correction
1.	UTC SCET, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	UTC SCET, microseconds part
3.	Time reference where 'U' = UTC SCET
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Microwave Assembly T1 temperature in C
6.	Microwave Assembly T2 temperature in C
7.	Waveguide transmit Ka-Band Assembly temperature in C
8.	Waveguide transmit Microwave Assembly temperature in C
9.	Waveguide Rx Mid temperature in C
10.	Waveguide Tx Mid temperature in C
11.	Aperture temperature in C
12.	Radome temperature in C
13.	HornBase temperature in C
14.	Midway on Horn temperature in C
15.	Orthomode Transducer (where transmit and receive modules are split off at base of horn) temperature in C
16.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) LSB = digit 0 digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 15. IHK1A Record Format

Column #	IHK1A Level 1A LGRS Housekeeping Data
1.	LGRS time +Bias, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	LGRS time +Bias, microseconds part
3.	Time reference where 'R' = LGRS time +Bias
4.	GRAIL satellite ID
5.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = No On-Board Data Handler->Receiver time mapping digit 7 = No Clock correction available
6.	Observation type V = Voltage in Volts T = Temperature in Degrees C I = Current in Amperes ? = Observation type not applicable
7.	Value of observation
8.	Sensor name

Table 16. IHS1A Record Format

Column #	IHS1A LGRS Health Status Data
1.	LGRS time +Bias, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Clock offset reported in latest time transfer packet (seconds)
4.	Seconds expired since last reboot
5.	time reported in latest PPS Time packet (seconds) in LGRS time
6.	count of times since reboot that integrity monitor has restarted trackers
7.	SNR reported in latest Ka band quadratic fit packet (0.1 dB-Hz)
8.	SNR reported in latest S-band quadratic fit packet (V/V)
9.	Data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) LSB = digit 0 digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 17. ILG1A Record Format

Column #	ILG1A LGRS Log Messages
1.	LGRS+Bias time, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	counts packets with that rcv_time (1,2,3,...)
3.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
4.	carriage-return terminated log message string

Table 18. KBR1A Record Format

Column #	KBR1A Level 1A Ka-Band Ranging Data
1	LGRS time +Bias, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000 (s)
2.	LGRS time +Bias, microseconds part
3.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
4.	GRAIL transmission channel number 50 for Ka-Band for both spacecraft
5.	KBR antenna ID on GRAIL spacecraft ant_id = 11 for KBR antenna
6.	data product flags. Set digits indicate quantities stored after column 7 as follows (digit 0 is on the right and digit 15 is on the left): Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined digit 8 = Not Defined digit 9 = Not Defined digit 10 = Not Defined digit 11 = Not Defined digit 12 = Correction of Ka phase digit 13 = Received Ka-band carrier phase minus transmitted Ka-band carrier phase (cycles) digit 14 = Not Defined digit 15 = Ka-Band SNR 0.1 dB-Hz
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = phase break occurred in Ka-Band at LGRS time + Bias digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = cycle slip detected in Ka-Band digit 4 = corrupted Ka-Band phase reconstruction polynomial detected digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Ka SNR < 450
8.	Not Defined
9.	Not Defined
10.	Not Defined
11.	Not Defined
12.	Not Defined
13.	Not Defined
14.	Not Defined
15.	Not Defined
16.	Not Defined
17.	Not Defined
18.	Not Defined
19.	Not Defined
20.	Not Defined
21.	Ka-band carrier phase (cycles)
22.	Not Defined
23.	Ka-Band SNR (0.1 dB-Hz)

Table 19. LTM1A Record Format

Column #	LTM1A Position vector and light time in EME 2000 (Earth-centered) of transmitting spacecraft at time of signal reception at DSN station
1.	Receive time (TDB), seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	Receiver ID number = DSN ID
3.	Transmitter ID 'A' = GRAIL-A 'B' = GRAIL-B
4.	Light time between transmitter and receiver (sec) (transmit time = receive time + light time)
5.	Position of transmitting spacecraft at receive time, x value (Earth-centered) (km)
6.	Position of transmitting spacecraft at receive time, y value (Earth-centered) (km)
7.	Position, of transmitting spacecraft at receive time z value (Earth-centered) (km)

Table 20. MAS1A Record Format

Column #	MAS1A Level 1A Spacecraft Mass Data
1.	UTC SCET, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	UTC SCET, microseconds part
3.	Time reference where 'U' = UTC SCET
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined
6.	data product flags. Set digits indicate quantities stored in following columns as follows (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left): Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = spacecraft mass based on propellant consumption digit 1 = undefined digit 2 = undefined digit 3 = undefined digit 4 = undefined digit 5 = undefined digit 6 = undefined digit 7 = undefined
7	Spacecraft Mass based on propellant consumption in kg..

Table 21. PCI1A Record Format

Column #	PCI1A Phase Center to Center of Mass Correction
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Antenna phase center range correction (m)
4.	Antenna phase center range rate correction (m/sec)
5.	Antenna phase center range acceleration correction (m/sec^2)
6.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = bit 1 = From raw data for ka boresight calibration period or prediction change period digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 22. PLT1A Record Format

Column #	PLT1A Position vector and light time in EME 2000 (moon centered) of transmitting spacecraft at time of signal reception at receiving spacecraft
1.	Receive time (TDB), seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	Receiver ID 'A' = GRAIL-A 'B' = GRAIL-B
3.	Transmitter ID 'A' = GRAIL-A 'B' = GRAIL-B
4.	Light time between transmitter and receiver (sec) (transmit time = receive time + light time)
5.	Position of transmitting spacecraft at receive time, x value (moon centered) (km)
6.	Position of transmitting spacecraft at receive time, y value (moon centered) (km)
7.	Position of transmitting spacecraft at receive time z value (moon centered) (km)

Table 23. PPS1A Record Format

Column #	PPS1A LGRS Pulse Per Second (PPS) Time Record
1.	LGRS time +Bias, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	LGRS time

Table 24. REL1A Record Format

Column #	REL1A Relativistic time correction (TDB to onboard satellite proper time)
1.	TDB, in integer seconds
2.	TDB, microseconds part
3.	Time scale where ‘T’ = TDB
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Not applicable
6.	eps_time (seconds), where onboard satellite proper time = TDB + eps_time Correction to TDB to calculate proper spacecraft time
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s) (not used by GRAIL, set to 0)
8.	clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 25. SAE1A Record Format

Column #	SAE1A Level 1A Solar array eclipse data
1.	UTC SCET, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	UTC SCET, microseconds part
3.	Time reference frame where 'U' = UTC SCET
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Solar array short circuit current (Amperes / 2.442000E-04), as reported by the Solar Array Battery Control
6.	Solar array open circuit voltage (Volts / 9.760000E-04), as reported by the Solar Array Battery Control
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) LSB = digit 0 digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 26. SBR1A Record Format

Column #	SBR1A Level 1A S-Band Ranging Data
1	LGRS time +Bias, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000 (s)
2.	LGRS time +Bias, microseconds part
3.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
4.	GRAIL transmission channel number 2 for GRAIL-A 1 for GRAIL-B
5.	SBR antenna ID on GRAIL spacecraft Antenna ID = 3 for SBR antenna
6.	data product flags. Set digits indicate quantities stored after column 7 as follows (digit 0 is on the right and digit 15 is on the left): Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = S-band pseudo range (m) (includes transmitter and receiver clock errors) digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Received S-band carrier phase minus spacecraft-specific reference S-band carrier phase (cycles) digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = S-Band SNR (V/V) digit 7 = Not Defined digit 8 = Not Defined digit 9 = S-band receiver channel digit 10 = Not Defined digit 11 = Not Defined digit 12 = Not Defined digit 13 = Not Defined digit 14 = Not Defined digit 15 = Not Defined
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined
8.	S-band pseudo Range (m) Pseudo range contains actual range + clock offset effect
9.	Not Defined
10.	Not Defined
11.	S-band carrier Phase (cycles)
12.	Not Defined
13.	Not Defined
14.	S-band SNR (V/V)
15.	Not Defined
16.	Not Defined
17.	S-band receiver channel number
18.	Not Defined
19.	Not Defined
20.	Not Defined
21.	Not Defined
22.	Not Defined
23.	Not Defined

Table 27. SCA1A Record Format

Column #	SCA1A Level 1A Star Tracker Data
1.	BTC time, in seconds
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Application Packet Identification
4.	cos mu/2 element of quaternion
5.	I element of quaternion rotation axis
6.	J element of quaternion rotation axis
7.	K element of quaternion rotation axis
8.	rss of formal error of quaternions; if not calculated, then set to 0
9.	data quality flags (digit 0 is at the right and digit 7 is at the left). LSB = digit 0 digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Ka boresight calibration period or prediction change period digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 28. SNV1A Record Format

Column #	SNV1A S-Band Navigation Product
1.	LGRS time + Bias, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2	LGRS time + Bias, microseconds part
3.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
4.	Measured range =(local measured pseudorange range + remote measured pseudorange)/2 (seconds). Pseudorange contains actual range + clock offset effect.
5.	Measured clock offset =(local measuredpseudorange– remote measured pseudorange)/2 (seconds). Pseudorange contains actual range + clock offset effect.
6.	Local spacecraft S-Band SNR (V/V)
7.	Remote spacecraft S-Band SNR (V/V); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Local spacecraft Ka-Band SNR (0.1 dB-Hz)
9.	Remote spacecraft Ka-Band SNR (0.1 dB-Hz); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left LSB = digit 0 digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 29. TC11A Record Format

Column #	TC11A LGRS to BTC time correlation
1.	Input time, in integer seconds
2.	Input time, microseconds part
3.	Time scale where ‘L’ = LGRS time + Bias
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Not applicable
6.	eps_time (seconds), where Output time scale = Input time scale + eps_time
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s); if not calculated then set to 0
8.	Blackjack packet arrival time in RTC time
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 30. TC21A Record Format

Column #	TC21A LGRS to BTC time correlation from BTC clock cycle counts
1.	LGRS time + Bias, in integer seconds
2.	LGRS time + Bias, microseconds part
3.	Time scale where ‘L’ = LGRS time + Bias
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Not applicable
6.	eps_time (seconds), where BTC time = LGRS time + Bias + eps_time
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Not applicable and set to 0
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 31. TC31A Record Format

Column #	TC31A BTC to RTC time correlation
1.	BTC, in integer seconds
2.	BTC, microseconds part
3.	Time scale where ‘B’ = BTC time
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Not applicable
6.	eps_time (seconds), where RTC = BTC + eps_time
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Not applicable and set to 0
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 32. TC41A Record Format

Column #	TC41A LGRS to RTC time correlation
1.	LGRS time + Bias, in integer seconds
2.	LGRS time + Bias, microseconds part
3.	Time scale where ‘L’ = LGRS time + Bias
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Not applicable
6.	eps_time (seconds), where RTC = LGRS time + Bias + eps_time
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Not applicable and set to 0
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 33. TC51A Record Format

Column #	TC51A RTC to UTC time correlation
1.	RTC, in integer seconds
2.	RTC, microseconds part
3.	Time scale where ‘R’ = RTC time
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	DSN station ID
6.	eps_time (seconds), where UTC at DSN station = RTC + eps_time and UTC is in seconds since 12:00:00 noon on 1 January 2000
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Not applicable and set to 0
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 34. TC61A Record Format

Column #	TC61A UTC to TDB time correlation
1.	UTC, in integer seconds
2.	UTC, microseconds part
3.	Time scale where ‘U’ = UTC
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘X’ to indicate a single product for two spacecraft
5.	Not applicable
6.	eps_time (seconds), where TDB = UTC + eps_time
7.	Formal error on eps_time (s); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Clock drift (s/s) deps_time/dt
9.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	bitrate of SFDU packet ; if not calculated, then set to 0
11.	delay by bitrate of SFDU packet; if not calculated, then set to 0
12.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER input time digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE input time digit 2 = 1 -> filled data using KBR1C digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 35. THR1A Record Format

Column #	THR1A Level 1A Thruster Activation Data
1.	UTC SCET, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	UTC SCET, microseconds part
3.	Time reference frame where 'U' = UTC SCET
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5-12.	Count of number of work cycles that each thruster has been activated Set to 0 for GRAIL.
13-20.	Thruster on-time for this activation time (milliseconds)
21-28.	Accumulated thruster firing duration time (milliseconds) integer will wrap after 4294967295
29.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 On time not calculated digit 1 = 1 Multiple unaccounted thrusts prior to current record digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 36. USO1A Record Format

Column #	USO1A Level 1A Ultra Stable Oscillator Stability Data
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	USO identification number set to 0
4.	Not applicable, set to 0
5.	X-Band RSB frequency (Hz)
6.	Not applicable, set to 0
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 37. VCM1A Record Format

Column #	VCM1A Level 1A Center of mass displacement from spacecraft mechanical frame origin
1.	UTC SCET, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Magnitude of center of mass vector in mechanical frame (m)
4.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame x-axis
5.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame y-axis
6.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame z-axis
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 38. WRS1A Record Format

Column #	WRS1A Level 1A Wheel rotational speed data
1.	UTC SCET Activation time, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-01-2000
2.	Activation time, microseconds part
3.	Time reference frame where 'U' = UTC time
4.	GRAIL satellite id ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Reaction wheel 1 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
6.	Reaction wheel 2 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
7.	Reaction wheel 3 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
8.	Reaction wheel 4 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

5.2.2.2 Level 1B

Table 39. CLK1B Record Format

Column #	CLK1B Level 1B LGRS + bias to TDB Time correlation
1	LGRS time +Bias , seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000 (s)
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Clock ID (set to 1)
4.	eps_time (seconds), where TDB = LGRS time + Bias + eps_time
5.	Formal error on eps_time (s) (not used by GRAIL, set to 0)
6.	Clock drift (s/s) deps_time/dt
7.	Formal error on clock drift (s/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid AFTER LGRS time + bias digit 1 = 1 -> linear extrapolation not valid BEFORE LGRS time + bias digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 40. EHK1B Record Format

Column #	EHK1B Level 1B Spacecraft temperature sensor data from Engineering Housekeeping data for KBR data correction
1.	TDB, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	TDB, microseconds part
3.	Time reference frame where 'T' = TDB
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Microwave Assembly T1 temperature in C
6.	Microwave Assembly T2 temperature in C
7.	Waveguide transmit Ka-Band Assembly temperature in C
8.	Waveguide transmit Microwave Assembly temperature in C
9.	Waveguide Rx Mid temperature in C
10.	Waveguide Tx Mid temperature in C
11.	Aperture temperature in C
12.	Radome temperature in C
13.	HornBase temperature in C
14.	Midway on Horn temperature in C
15.	Orthomode Transducer (where transmit and receive modules are split off at base of horn) temperature in C
16.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right, digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 41. GNI1B Record Format

Column #	GNI1B Navigation Level 1B satellite orbit solution in Moon-centered Inertial frame
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID, ‘1’ for GRAIL-A, ‘2’ for GRAIL-B
3.	Coordinate reference frame where 'I' = Inertial centered on Moon in EME 2000 Solar System Barycentric Frame
4.	Position, x value (m)
5.	Position, y value (m)
6.	Position, z value (m)
7.	Formal error on x position (m); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Formal error on y position (m); if not calculated, then set to 0
9.	Formal error on z position (m); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	Velocity along x-axis (m/s)
11.	Velocity along y-axis (m/s)
12.	Velocity along z-axis (m/s)
13.	Formal error in velocity along x-axis (m/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
14.	Formal error in velocity along y-axis (m/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
15.	Formal error in velocity along z-axis (m/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
16.	Data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 42. GNV1B Record Format

Column #	GNV1B Navigation Level 1B Satellite orbit solution in lunar body fixed frame
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID, ‘1’ for GRAIL-A, ‘2’ for GRAIL-B
3.	Coordinate reference frame where 'M' = Moon-centered-body-fixed
4.	Position, x value (m)
5.	Position, y value (m)
6.	Position, z value (m)
7.	Formal error on x position (m); if not calculated, then set to 0
8.	Formal error on y position (m); if not calculated, then set to 0
9.	Formal error on z position (m); if not calculated, then set to 0
10.	Velocity along x-axis (m/s)
11.	Velocity along y-axis (m/s)
12.	Velocity along z-axis (m/s)
13.	Formal error in velocity along x-axis (m/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
14.	Formal error in velocity along y-axis (m/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
15.	Formal error in velocity along z-axis (m/s); if not calculated, then set to 0
16.	Data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 43. KBR1C Record Format

Column #	KBR1C Level 1B Dual-One-Way Ka-Band Ranging Data
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	Biased dual one-way range between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B (m)
3.	Range rate between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B (m/s)
4.	Range acceleration between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B (m/s**2)
5.	Biased ionospheric range correction between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B for Ka-Band frequency (m). If not calculated, then set to 0
6.	Time of flight range correction between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B (m). Includes relativistic effects.
7.	Time of flight range rate correction between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B (m/sec). Includes relativistic effects.
8.	Time of flight range acceleration correction between GRAIL-A and GRAIL-B (m/sec^2). Includes relativistic effects.
9.	Ka-band antenna offset range correction (m)
10.	Ka-band antenna range rate correction (m/s)
11.	Ka-band antenna range acceleration correction (m/sec^2)
12.	Undefined (set to 0)
13.	SNR Ka band for GRAIL-A 0.1 db-Hz
14.	Undefined (set to 0)
15.	SNR Ka band for GRAIL-B 0.1 db-Hz
16.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = From raw data for Ka boresight calibration slew for antenna correction data digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined
17.	Raw temperature range correction (m)
18.	Filtered temperature range correction (m)
19.	Filtered temperature range rate correction (m/s)
20.	Filtered temperature range acceleration correction (m/s/s)

Table 44. MAS1B Record Format

Column #	MAS1B Level 1B Spacecraft Mass Data
1.	TDB, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	TDB, microseconds part
3.	Time reference frame where 'T' = TDB
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined
6.	data product flags. Set digits indicate quantities stored in following columns as follows (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left): Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = spacecraft mass based on propellant consumption digit 1 = undefined digit 2 = undefined digit 3 = undefined digit 4 = undefined digit 5 = undefined digit 6 = undefined digit 7 = undefined
7	Spacecraft Mass based on propellant consumption in kg..

Table 45. SAE1B Record Format

Column #	SAE1B Level 1B Solar array eclipse data
1.	TDB, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	TDB, microseconds part
3.	Time reference frame where 'T' = TDB
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Solar array short circuit current (Amperes / 2.442000E-04), as reported by the Solar Array Battery Control
6.	Solar array open circuit voltage (Volts / 9.760000E-04), as reported by the Solar Array Battery Control
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 46. SBR1B Record Format

Column #	SBR1B Level 1B Biased dual one-way S-Band Ranging data
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	Biased dual one-way range between GRAIL-A and B (m)
3.	Range rate between GRAIL-A and -B (m/s)
4.	Range acceleration between GRAIL-A & -B (m/s**2)
5.	Not Defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
6.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
7.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
8.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
9.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
10.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
11.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
12.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
13.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
14.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
15.	Not defined. Set to 0 for GRAIL
16.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = From raw data for Ka boresight calibration slew for antenna correction data digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 47. SCA1B Record Format

Column #	SCA1B Level 1B Star Tracker Data
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	SCA identification number set to 1
4.	Cos mu/2 element of quaternion
5.	I element of quaternion rotation axis
6.	J element of quaternion rotation axis
7.	K element of quaternion rotation axis
8.	rss of formal error of quaternions; if not calculated, then set to 0
9.	data quality flags (digit 0 is at the right and digit 7 is at the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Data filled by interpolation digit 1 = Ka boresight calibration periodor prediction change period digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 48. THR1B Record Format

Column #	THR1B Level 1B Thruster Activation Data
1.	TDB, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	TDB, microseconds part
3.	Time reference frame where 'T' = TDB
4.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
5-12.	Count of number of work cycles that each thruster has been activated Set to 0 for GRAIL.
13-20.	Thruster on-time for this activation time (milliseconds)
21-28.	Accumulated thruster firing duration time (milliseconds) integer will wrap after 4294967295
29.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = 1 On time not calculated digit 1 = 1 Multiple unaccounted thrusts prior to current record digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 49. USO1B Record Format

Column #	USO1B Level 1B Ultra Stable Oscillator Stability Data
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	USO identification number set to 0
4.	Frequency of USO (Hz)
5.	X-Band RSB frequency (Hz)
6.	Ka band frequency of KBR (Hz) for USO1B
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 50. VCM1B Record Format

Column #	VCM1B Level 1B Center of mass displacement from spacecraft mechanical frame origin
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Magnitude of center of mass vector in mechanical frame (m)
4.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame x-axis
5.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame y-axis
6.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame z-axis
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 51. VGS1B Record Format

Column #	VGS1B S-Band antenna offset vector and switch time (TDB)
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Magnitude of vector (m) for active antenna in mechanical reference frame
4.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame x-axis
5.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame y-axis
6.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame z-axis
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 52. VGX1B Record Format

Column #	VGX1B X-Band antenna offset vector and switch time (TDB)
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000 in TDB
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Magnitude of vector (m) for active antenna in mechanical reference frame
4.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame x-axis
5.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame y-axis
6.	Direction cosine of vector with Mechanical Reference Frame z-axis
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 53. VKB1B Record Format

Column #	VKB1B Ka-Band Boresight Vector
1.	TDB, seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-Jan-2000
2.	GRAIL satellite ID ‘A’ or ‘B’
3.	Magnitude of vector (m) for active antenna in science reference frame for VKB1B
4.	Direction cosine of vector with Science Reference Frame x-axis
5.	Direction cosine of vector with Science Reference Frame y-axis
6.	Direction cosine of vector with Science Reference Frame z-axis
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

Table 54. WRS1B Record Format

Column #	WRS1B Level 1B Wheel rotational speed data
1.	TDB Activation time, integer seconds past 12:00:00 noon 01-01-2000
2.	Activation time, microseconds part
3.	Time reference frame where 'T' = TDB time
4.	GRAIL satellite id ‘A’ or ‘B’
5.	Reaction wheel 1 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
6.	Reaction wheel 2 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
7.	Reaction wheel 3 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
8.	Reaction wheel 4 rotational speed as determined by digital tachometer (radians/sec)
7.	data quality flags (digit 0 is on the right and digit 7 is on the left) Set digits (value = 1) have the following meanings: digit 0 = Not Defined digit 1 = Not Defined digit 2 = Not Defined digit 3 = Not Defined digit 4 = Not Defined digit 5 = Not Defined digit 6 = Not Defined digit 7 = Not Defined

5.2.3 RSS EDR Products

For all products all except XFR, TDM and BTM, see documentation in Table 2 for format descriptions.

TDMs and BTMs are in ASCII format and are delimited by a single white space as described in Tables 55 and 56.

Table 55. BTM Record Format

Column #	BTM Biased Tracking Data Message – Biased X-Band Sky Frequency relative to frequency offset, from RSR data recorded at the DSN
1.	Data Field: set to RECEIVE_FREQ_2 for GRAIL 1-way downlink
2.	= sign
3.	UTC Earth Received Time in YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.###
4.	Frequency (Hz), defined as sky frequency minus FREQ_OFFSET as provided in metadata section

Table 56. TDM Record Format

Column #	TDM Tracking Data Message - X-Band Sky Frequency relative to frequency offset, from RSR data recorded at the DSN
1.	Data Field: set to RECEIVE_FREQ_2 for GRAIL 1-way downlink
2.	= sign
3.	UTC Earth Received Time in YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.###
4.	Frequency (Hz), defined as sky frequency minus FREQ_OFFSET as provided in metadata section

XFR data are in ASCII format and are delimited by a variable number of white spaces as described in Table 53.

Table 57. XFR Record Format

Column #	XFR X-Band Sky Frequency from RSR data recorded at the DSN
1.	Year (UTC Earth Received Time)
2.	Day of Year (UTC Earth Received Time)
3.	Seconds Past Midnight (UTC Earth Received Time)
4.	Sky Frequency (Hz)
5.	Internal processing parameter generated in the course of creating the XFR but not relevant to GRAIL
6.	Internal processing parameter generated in the course of creating the XFR but not relevant to GRAIL

5.3 Header Descriptions

5.3.1 Headers for LGRS EDR

Header information for S7200, S7300, and STC00 in LGRS EDR is found in the respective documentation in the DOCUMENT directory.

DTC00, EHK00, SAE00, SCA00, THR00, and WRS00 data files have four-row headers which contain standard description abbreviations from the GDS system. One of the rows contains, as a guideline only, format descriptions of the minimum number of digits in the data field.

LTB00 data files contain no header.

MAS00 data files have a four-row header. The column headers describe the data which follow.

TDE00 data files have a two-row header which includes a reference start time.

5.3.2 Headers for LGRS CDR

Each Level 1A or 1B ASCII data file contains a header with records of (at most) 80 bytes. The last ASCII header record is labeled "END OF HEADER" and is not counted in the number of header records. After the last header record, one or more data records follow.

The ASCII header for each format contains information similar to the following, with a variable number of lines being possible (a CLK1B header for GRAIL-B is used as an example):

PRODUCER AGENCY : NASA

PRODUCER INSTITUTION : JPL

FILE TYPE ipCLK1BF : 17

FILE FORMAT 0=BINARY 1=ASCII : 1

NUMBER OF HEADER RECORDS : 23

SOFTWARE VERSION : $Id: CombineLevel1.c 422 08-14/12 20:25:58 mp $

SOFTWARE LINK TIME : @(#) 2012-08-20 18:03:05 mpaik nearside.fltops

REFERENCE DOCUMENTATION : GRAIL Level 1 Software Handbook

SATELLITE NAME : GRAIL A

SENSOR NAME : N/A

TIME EPOCH : 2000-01-01 12:00:00

TIME FIRST OBS(SEC PAST EPOCH): 384177600.000000 (2012-03-05 00:00:00.00)

TIME LAST OBS(SEC PAST EPOCH) : 384263990.000000 (2012-03-05 23:59:50.00)

NUMBER OF DATA RECORDS : 8640

PRODUCT CREATE START TIME(UTC): 2012-08-21 01:32:22 by mpaik

PRODUCT CREATE END TIME(UTC) : 2012-08-21 01:32:23 by mpaik

FILESIZE (BYTES) : 572688

FILENAME : CLK1B_2012-03-05_A_02.asc

PROCESS LEVEL (1A OR 1B) : 1B

INPUT FILE NAME : CLK1B<-CLK1B_2012-03-01_A_00.dat_2012-07_04

INPUT FILE TIME TAG (UTC) : CLK1B<-2011-01-31 20:56:03 by mpaik

INPUT FILE SOFTWARE VERSION : CLK1B<-CombineLevel1.c 1.39 04/21/10 13:08:57 g

INPUT FILE LINKTIME TAG : CLK1B<-2009-12-22 10:14:18 mpaik itzhak

END OF HEADER

5.3.3 Headers for LGRS RDR

Header information for all LGRS RDR data types is found in the respective documentation in the DOCUMENT directory.

5.3.4 Headers for RSS EDR

Header information for all RSS EDR data types except TDM, BTM, and XFR is found in the respective documentation in the DOCUMENT directory.

XFR data files contain no header.

Each TDM or BTM contains a header similar to the following:

CCSDS_TDM_VERS = 1.0

COMMENT CREATED BY RADIO SCIENCE SYSTEMS GROUP 332K JPL

CREATION_DATE = 2012-03-02T04:37:03

ORIGINATOR = NASA/JPL/DSN

The header is followed by a metadata description similar to the following:

META_START

COMMENT SKY FREQUENCY COMPUTED FROM OPEN-LOOP DATA

TIME_SYSTEM = UTC

START_TIME = 2012-03-01T12:32:18.500

STOP_TIME = 2012-03-02T00:53:30.500

PARTICIPANT_1 = GRAIL-A

PARTICIPANT_2 = DSS-65

MODE = SEQUENTIAL

PATH = 1,2

RECEIVE_BAND = X

TURNAROUND_NUMERATOR = 880

TURNAROUND_DENOMINATOR = 240

TIMETAG_REF = RECEIVE

INTEGRATION_INTERVAL = 1.000

INTEGRATION_REF = MIDDLE

FREQ_OFFSET = 8451600000

META_STOP

The data records are preceded by the string DATA_START and followed by the string DATA_STOP.

6 Applicable Software

All products have already been processed with the appropriate software by the GRAIL SDS. Software in this archive is provided as an example only. The SOFTWARE directory contents are listed in table 2.9 of the Archive Volume SIS [16].

6.1 Utility Programs

The SOFTWARE directory on the GRAIL_0001 volume (GRAIL-L-LGRS-2-EDR-V1.0) contains utilities or application programs to aid the user in viewing or extracting data from the Level 0 data product files. The codes are provided as illustrations of how to extract the Blackjack packets from Blackjack binary data. See section 4.2.1 for a description of Blackjack.

7 Appendices

7.1 Glossary

Barycenter - center of mass; the unique point where the weighted relative position of a distributed mass sums to zero.

Barycentric Dynamical Time - the independent argument of ephemerides and dynamical theories that are referred to the solar system barycenter. See http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/systime.html for more information.

Base Time Clock (BTC) - On-board satellite clock, comparable in stability to a wristwatch. Roughly synced to UTC at launch time.

Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) - differs from International Atomic Time by an integral number of seconds. See http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/systime.html for more information.

Blackjack - a data format utilized by the science instruments on board the GRACE and GRAIL projects to encode telemetry.

Dual One Way Range (DOWR) - instantaneous measurement of distance, including a bias, between two spacecraft, which is formed by the combination of a range signal from spacecraft A to spacecraft B and from spacecraft B to spacecraft A.

Ephemeris - a table of values that gives the positions of astronomical objects at given times.

Gravity Recovery Processor Assembly (GPA) - the equipment that combines all the inputs received from the microwave assembly and the time transfer assembly to produce the radiometric data that are downlinked to the ground.

International Atomic Time (TAI) - the International Atomic Time scale, a statistical timescale based on a large number of atomic clocks. See http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/systime.html for more information.

Inertial Measurement Unit - an electronic device that measures and reports on a spacecraft's rotational velocities and accelerations experienced by the instrument.

Ka-Band - part of the microwave electromagnetic spectrum between 26.5 and 40 GHz.

Kalman filter - an algorithm which uses a series of measurements observed over time, containing noise (random variations) and other inaccuracies, and produces estimates of unknown variables that tend to be more precise than those that would be based on a single measurement alone.

Lunar Gravity Ranging System - The equipment responsible for sending and receiving the signals needed to accurately and precisely measure the changes in range between the two orbiters. Consists of an Ultra-Stable Oscillator (USO), Microwave Assembly (MWA), a Time-Transfer Assembly (TTA), and the Gravity Recovery Processor Assembly (GPA).

Microwave Assembly (MWA) - the equipment that converts the USO reference signal to Ka-band frequency, which is transmitted to the other orbiter.

Open Loop - does not use feedback to determine if the output has achieved the desired goal of the input.

Quaternion - A vector with four components that describes the attitude of a spacecraft. [36].

Radio Science - Utilization of the telecommunication links between spacecraft and Earth for scientific application involving examination of (sometimes very small) changes in the phase/frequency, amplitude, and/or polarization of radio signals.

Radio Science Receiver - a computer-controlled open loop receiver that digitally down-converts and records a spacecraft signal spectrum using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and up to four digital filter sub-channels.

Real Time Clock (RTC) - Flight software clock. Set to 0 when booted. Relatively unstable clock.

S-Band - part of the microwave electromagnetic spectrum between 2 and 4 GHz.

Science Data System (SDS) - the infrastructure at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for the collection of all science and ancillary data relevant to the GRAIL mission. Includes hardware, software tools, procedures, and trained personnel. The SDS receives science packets and engineering data and carries out calibration, editing, and processing to produce NASA Level 1A and 1B GRAIL science data.

Time Transfer Assembly (TTA) - the equipment that generates an S-band signal from the USO reference frequency and sends a GPS-like ranging code to the other spacecraft. The function of the TTA is to provide a two-way time-transfer link between the spacecraft to both synchronize and measure the clock offset between the two LGRS clocks.

Ultra Stable Oscillator - electronic assembly that provides a highly stable timing and frequency reference signal onboard a spacecraft that is used by all of the instrument subsystems, typically based on ovenized quartz crystal or Rubidium atomic standard.

X-Band - part of the microwave radio region of the electromagnetic spectrum between 7 and 12 GHz.

7.2 Acronyms

ACS	Attitude control system
ADC	Analog-Digital Converter
AMMOS	Advanced Multi-Mission Operations System
ASCII	American Standard Code for Information Interchange
BTC	Base Time Clock
CCK	Spacecraft Orientation Kernel
CDR	Calibrated Data Record
CODMAC	Committee on Data Management, Archiving, and Computation
DOWR	Dual One Way Range
DSCC	Deep Space Communications Complex
DRF	Data Record File
DSN	Deep Space Network
DTE	Direct to Earth
EDR	Experimental Data Record
EPS	Epsilon
FTS	Frequency and Timing Subsystem
GDS	Ground Data System
GHz	gigahertz
GRACE	Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment
GRAIL	Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory
GRLSCI	GRAIL Science
ICRF	International Celestial Reference Frame
IMU	Inertial Measurement Unit
JPL	Jet Propulsion Laboratory
KBR	Ka-Band Ranging System
LGA	Low Gain Antenna
LGRS	Lunar Gravity Ranging System
LSK	Leap Second Kernel
MF	Mechanical Frame
MMDOM	Multi-Mission Distributed Object Manager
MOC	Mission Operations Center
MOS	Mission Operations System
NAIF	Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility
NASA	National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ODF	Orbit Data File
OMC	Operations and Maintenance Contract
OSC	Onboard Spacecraft Clock
PDS	Planetary Data System
PPS	Pulse per Second
RDR	Reduced Data Record
RODAN	Radio Occultation Data Analysis Network
RSB	Radio Science Beacon
RSDMAP	Radio Science Digital Map
RSR	Radio Science Receiver
RSS	Radio Science Systems
RTC	Real-Time Clock
SABC	Solar Array Battery Control
SBR	S-Band Ranging System
SCA	Star Tracker Assembly
SCLK	Spacecraft Clock Kernel
SDS	Science Data System
SF	Satellite Frame
SFDU	Standard Formatted Data Unit
SIS	Software Interface Specification
SHADR	Spherical Harmonic ASCII Data Record
SHBDR	Spherical Harmonic Binary Data Record
SOE	Sequence of Events file
SPICE	S- Spacecraft ephemeris, given as a function of time. P- Planet, satellite, comet, or asteroid ephemerides, or more generally, location of any target body, given as a function of time. The P kernel also logically includes certain physical, dynamical and cartographic constants for target bodies, such as size and shape specifications, and orientation of the spin axis and prime meridian. I- Instrument description kernel, containing descriptive data peculiar to a particular scientific instrument, such as field-of-view size, shape and orientation parameters. C- Pointing kernel, containing a transformation, traditionally called the C-matrix, which provides time-tagged pointing (orientation) angles for a spacecraft structure upon which science instruments are mounted. May also include angular rate data. E- Events kernel, summarizing mission activities - both planned and unanticipated. Events data are contained in the SPICE EK file set, which consists of three components: Science Plans, Sequences, and Notes.
SPK	Spacecraft and Planetary Ephemeris Kernel
SRF	Science Reference Frame
TAI	International Atomic Time
TBD	To Be Done
TDB	Barycentric Dynamical Time
TDS	Telemetry Delivery System
TTS	Time Transfer System
USO	Ultra-Stable Oscillator
UTC	Coordinated Universal Time
V/V	Volts per Volt

7.3 Example PDS Labels

7.3.1 LGRS EDR

Products in the LGRS EDR data set (GRAIL-L-LGRS-2-EDR-V1.0) all have labels similar to the following:

PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3

RECORD_TYPE = UNDEFINED

INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A"

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-LGRS-2-EDR-V1.0"

MISSION_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY"

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY A"

PRODUCT_ID = "STC00_2012_03_01_A_02.DAT"

FILE_NAME = "STC00_2012_03_01_A_02.DAT"

ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID = "TIME_CORR_A.SFDU"

START_TIME = 2012-061T00:00:00

STOP_TIME = 2012-061T23:59:59

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2012-061T23:59:59

OBSERVATION_TYPE = SCIENCE

PRODUCER_ID = "SDS"

NOTE = "Time Correlation SFDU"

^DESCRIPTION = {"0161_TELECOMM_L5_8.TXT",

"0171_TELECOMM_NJPL_L5.TXT",

"090_REVC_1.TXT",

"0172_TELECOMM_CHDO_REVE_L5.TXT"}

END

7.3.2 LGRS CDR

Products in the LGRS CDR data set (GRAIL-L-LGRS-3-CDR-V1.0) all have labels similar to the following:

PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3

RECORD_TYPE = STREAM

INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A"

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-LGRS-3-CDR-V1.0"

MISSION_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY"

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY A"

PRODUCT_ID = "CLK1A_2012_03_01_A_02.ASC"

FILE_NAME = "CLK1A_2012_03_01_A_02.ASC"

ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID = "CLK1A_2012-03-01_A_02.ASC"

START_TIME = 2012-061T12:43:45

STOP_TIME = 2012-061T22:53:47

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2012-234T01:05:25

OBSERVATION_TYPE = SCIENCE

PRODUCER_ID = "SDS"

NOTE = "Level 1A TDB to LGRS time correlation.

See Table 11 in DPSIS.PDF for format."

^DESCRIPTION = "DPSIS.PDF"

END

7.3.3 RSS EDR

Labels in the RSS EDR data set (GRAIL-L-RSS-2-EDR-V1.0) may be minimal or full.

7.3.3.1 BTM, EOP, ION, TDM, TNF, TRO, WEA, & XFR

Data products BTM, EOP, ION, TDM, TNF [22], TRO, WEA, and XFR have labels similar to the following:

PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3

RECORD_TYPE = UNDEFINED

INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A"

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-RSS-2-EDR-V1.0"

MISSION_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY"

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY A"

PRODUCT_ID = "GRALUGF2012_148_0520SMMMV1.TNF"

FILE_NAME = "GRALUGF2012_148_0520SMMMV1.TNF"

START_TIME = 2012-148T05:20:00

STOP_TIME = 2012-149T06:52:53

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2012-209T22:28:18

OBSERVATION_TYPE = SCIENCE

PRODUCER_ID = "DSN"

DESCRIPTION = "

The TNF data type captures radiometric tracking data for delivery

to navigation and radio science users from the Telecommunications

Services at JPL. The product replaces data types formerly known

as Orbit Data Files, Archival Tracking Data Files, and others.

Format and content of the TNF data product is documented in:

820-013

Deep Space Mission System (DSMS)

External Interface Specification

JPL D-16765

TRK-2-34

DSMS Tracking System Data Archival Format

Jet Propulsion Laboratory

4800 Oak Grove Drive

Pasadena, CA 91109-8099

Background information on the radiometric system may be found in:

Formulation for Observed and Computed Values

of Deep Space Network Data Types for Navigation

by Theodore D. Moyer

JPL Publication 00-7, October 2000

Monograph 2, Deep Space Communications and Navigation Series

Jet Propulsion Laboratory

4800 Oak Grove Drive

Pasadena, CA 91109-8099 "

END

7.3.3.2 ODF, OLF, and BOF

The ODF products have labels as follows. The OLF or BOF label is similar, with minor differences.

PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3

RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH

RECORD_BYTES = 36

FILE_RECORDS = 64288

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-RSS-2-EDR-V1.0"

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR

LABORATORY A"

INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A"

INSTRUMENT_ID = "LGRS-A"

PRODUCER_ID = "DSN"

MISSION_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR

LABORATORY"

OBSERVATION_TYPE = "SCIENCE"

DSN_STATION_NUMBER = {45,24}

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2012-151T17:12:37

PRODUCT_ID = "GRALUGF2012_148_0605SMMMV1.ODF"

ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID = "GRALUGF2012_148_0605SMMMV1.ODF"

START_TIME = 2012-148T06:05:08

STOP_TIME = 2012-149T06:45:16

HARDWARE_MODEL_ID = "TDDS"

SOFTWARE_NAME = "AMMOS"

DESCRIPTION = "Orbit Data Files (ODFs) are

produced by the NASA/JPL Multi-Mission Navigation Radio

Metric Data Conditioning Team for use in determining

spacecraft trajectories, gravity fields affecting them,

and radio propagation conditions. Each ODF consists of

many 36-byte logical records, which fall into 7 primary

groups plus an End-of-File Group. An ODF usually

contains most groups, but may not have all. The first

record in each of the 7 primary groups is a header

record; depending on the group, there may be from zero

to many data records following each header. The ODF is

described in JPL/DSN Document 820-13, TRK-2-18

(various versions, with significant changes in April

1997). The latest version is included in this archive

as NAV023_ODF_2_18_Rev3.htm in the DOCUMENT directory."

^ODF1A_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",1)

^ODF1B_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",2)

^ODF2A_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",3)

^ODF2B_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",4)

^ODF3A_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",5)

^ODF3C_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",6)

^ODF4A26_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",58113)

^ODF4B26_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",58114)

^ODF4A43_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",58350)

^ODF4B43_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",58351)

^ODF4A55_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",58512)

^ODF4B55_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",58513)

^ODF8A_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",58652)

^ODF8B_TABLE = ("MROMAGR2010_363_1716XMMMV1.ODF",58653)

OBJECT = ODF1A_TABLE

NAME = "FILE LABEL GROUP HEADER"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 4

ROW_BYTES = 16

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 20

DESCRIPTION = "The File Label Group

is usually the first of several groups of records in

an Orbit Data File (ODF). It identifies the spacecraft,

the file creation time, the hardware, and the software

associated with the ODF. The File Label Group Header

is the first record in the File Label Group. It is one

36-byte record and is followed by one 36-byte data

record. Occasionally, the File Label Group is omitted

from an ODF. The row suffix bytes in the File Label

Group Header are set to 0."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "PRIMARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The Primary Key indicates the type

of data records to follow. In the File Label Group Header

this field is set to 101."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "SECONDARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: The Secondary Key is not used in

the ODF. It is set to 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "LOGICAL RECORD LENGTH"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

UNIT = PACKET

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The Logical Record Length gives the

number of 36-byte physical records making up each logical

record in a File Label Group data record. For the File Label

Group it is set to 1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "GROUP START PACKET NUMBER"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The Group Start Packet Number

gives the number of the ODF packet containing the File

Label Group Header. Set to 0, since the File Label Group

Header, when it appears, is always first."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF1A_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF1B_TABLE

NAME = "FILE LABEL GROUP DATA"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 7

ROW_BYTES = 36

DESCRIPTION = "The File Label Group

is usually the first of several groups of records in

an Orbit Data File (ODF). It identifies the spacecraft,

the file creation time, the hardware, and the software

associated with the ODF. The File Label Group data

record is the second record in the File Label Group. It

is one 36-byte record and is preceded by one 36-byte

File Label Group header record. Occasionally, the File

Label Group is omitted from an ODF."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "SYSTEM ID"

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 8

DESCRIPTION = "Items 1-8: A character string identifying

the hardware on which the ODF was created."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "PROGRAM ID"

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 8

DESCRIPTION = "Items 9-16: A character string identifying

the program under which the ODF was created."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "SPACECRAFT ID"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 17

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 17: ID number for the spacecraft. These

are specified in DSN document OPS-6-8. Representative

values include

Magellan 18

Voyager 1 31

Voyager 2 32

Clementine 64

Galileo Orbiter 77

Mars Global Surveyor 94"

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "FILE CREATION DATE"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 21

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 18: The date on which the ODF was

created, given as a single number of the form YYMMDD.

where

YY is the two least significant digits of the year

MM is the month (01 through 12)

DD is the day of month (01 through 31)"

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 5

NAME = "FILE CREATION TIME"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 25

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 19: The time at which the ODF was

created, given as a single number of the form HHMMSS.

where

HH is the two-digit hour (00 through 23)

MM is the two-digit minute (00 through 59)

SS is the two-digit second (00 through 59)"

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 6

NAME = "FILE REFERENCE DATE"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 29

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 20: The reference date for ODF

time tags -- for example, 19500101

for EME50. Older files which have

reference dates of zero will be

assumed to be EME50."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 7

NAME = "FILE REFERENCE TIME"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 33

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 21: The reference time for ODF

time tags. Set to 000000."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF1B_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF2A_TABLE

NAME = "IDENTIFIER GROUP HEADER"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 4

ROW_BYTES = 16

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 20

DESCRIPTION = "The Identifier Group

is usually the second of several groups of records in

an Orbit Data File (ODF). It is sometimes used to

identify contents of data records that follow. The

Identifier Group Header is the first record in the

Identifier Group. It is one 36-byte record and is

followed by one 36-byte Identifier Group data record.

Occasionally the Identifier Group is omitted from an

ODF. The row suffix bytes in the Identifier Group

Header are set to 0."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "PRIMARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The Primary Key indicates the type

of data records to follow. In the Identifier Group Header

this field is set to 107."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "SECONDARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: The Secondary Key is not used in

the ODF. It is set to 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "LOGICAL RECORD LENGTH"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

UNIT = PACKET

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The Logical Record Length gives the

number of 36-byte physical records making up each logical

record in an Identifier Group data record. For the

Identifier Group it is set to 1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "GROUP START PACKET NUMBER"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The Group Start Packet Number

gives the number of the ODF packet containing the

Identifier Group Header. Usually set to 2, since the

Identifier Group usually follows the Label Group

immediately in the ODF."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF2A_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF2B_TABLE

NAME = "IDENTIFIER GROUP DATA"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 3

ROW_BYTES = 36

DESCRIPTION = "The Identifier Group

is usually the second of several groups of records in

an Orbit Data File (ODF). It is sometimes used to

identify contents of data records that follow. The

Identifier Group data record is the second record in

the Identifier Group. It is one 36-byte record and is

preceded by one 36-byte Identifier Group header record.

Occasionally the Identifier Group is omitted from an

ODF."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "ITEM 1"

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 8

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: A character string sometimes used to

identify contents of data records to follow. Often the

ASCII characters 'TIMETAG' followed by one ASCII 'blank'."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "ITEM 2"

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 8

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: A character string sometimes used to

identify contents of data records to follow. Often the

ASCII characters 'OBSRVBL' followed by one ASCII 'blank'."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "ITEM 3"

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

START_BYTE = 17

BYTES = 20

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: A character string sometimes used to

identify contents of data records to follow. For example,

ASCII characters 'OD-SAMPL-ID FRQ RSD '."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF2B_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF3A_TABLE

NAME = "ORBIT DATA GROUP HEADER"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 4

ROW_BYTES = 16

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 20

DESCRIPTION = "The Orbit Data Group

is usually the third of several groups of records in an

Orbit Data File (ODF). It contains the majority of the

data included in the file. The Orbit Data Group Header

is the first record in the Orbit Data Group; it is

usually followed by many Orbit Data Group data records,

ordered by time. All records in the Orbit Data Group

have 36 bytes. The row suffix bytes in the Orbit Data

Group Header are set to 0. This Orbit Data Group

follows TRK-2-18, version of 1 August 1996."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "PRIMARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The Primary Key indicates the

type of data records to follow. In the Orbit Data

Group Header this field is set to 109."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "SECONDARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: The Secondary Key is not used in

the ODF. It is set to 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "LOGICAL RECORD LENGTH"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

UNIT = PACKET

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The Logical Record Length gives the

number of 36-byte physical records making up each logical

record in an Orbit Data Group data record. For the Orbit

Data Group it is set to 1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "GROUP START PACKET NUMBER"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The Group Start Packet Number

gives the number of the ODF packet containing the

Orbit Data Group Header. Since the Orbit Data Group

usually follows immediately after the File Label Group

and the Identifier Group, it is usually set to 4."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF3A_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF3C_TABLE

NAME = "ORBIT DATA GROUP DATA"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 58107

COLUMNS = 6

ROW_BYTES = 36

DESCRIPTION = "The Orbit Data Group

is usually the third of several groups of records in an

Orbit Data File (ODF). It contains the majority of the

data included in the file. The Orbit Data Group Header

is the first record in the Orbit Data Group; it is

usually followed by many Orbit Data Group data records,

ordered by time. All records in the Orbit Data Group

have 36 bytes. Their format and content follows the

specification in TRK-2-18, version of 1 August 1996."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "TIME TAG - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

UNIT = SECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The integer part of the record

time tag, measured from 0 hours UTC on 1 January 1950.

The fractional part of the time tag is in Item 2."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "ITEMS 2-3"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_BIT_STRING

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Items 2-3 of the ODF."

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "TIME TAG - FRACTIONAL PART"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 1

BITS = 10

UNIT = MILLISECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: The fractional part of the record

time tag (see Column 1)."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "PRIMARY RECEIVING STATION DOWNLINK DELAY"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 11

BITS = 22

UNIT = NANOSECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: Downlink delay for the primary

receiving station."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "OBSERVABLE - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The integer part of the observable.

The fractional part is in Column 4 (Item 5). See Item

10 for the data type stored in these fields.

The Doppler observable (in Hertz) is computed according

to the following equation. The time tag tr is the

mid-point of the compression interval ti to tj.

Observable = [B/|B|]*[(Nj-Ni)/(tj-ti) - |Fb*K + B|]

where:

B = bias placed on receiver

Ni = Doppler count at time ti

Nj = Doppler count at time tj

ti = start time of interval

tj = end time of interval

K = spacecraft transponder turnaround ratio, which varies

with band used (see Item 11); set to

1 for S-band receivers

11/3 for X-band receivers

176/27 for Ku-band receivers

209/15 for Ka-band receivers

(Note: future spacecraft transponders may

require different values of K)

Fb = (X1/X2)*(X3*Fr + X4)

-Fsc + R3 for one-way Doppler

= (X1/X2)*(X3*Fr + X4)

-(T1/T2)*(T3*Ft + T4) for all other Doppler

where:

Fr = receiver (VCO) frequency at time tr

Fsc = spacecraft (beacon) frequency

Ft = transmitter frequency at time tr-RTLT

R3 = 0 for S-band receivers

= 0 for X-band receivers

= 0 for Ku-band receivers

= 0 for Ka-band receivers

T1 = 240 for S-band transmitters (see Item 12)

= 240 for X-band transmitters

= 142 for Ku-band transmitters

= 14 for Ka-band transmitters

T2 = 221 for S-band transmitters

= 749 for X-band transmitters

= 153 for Ku-band transmitters

= 15 for Ka-band transmitters

T3 = 96 for S-band transmitters

= 32 for X-band transmitters

= 1000 for Ku-band transmitters

= 1000 for Ka-band transmitters

T4 = 0 for S-band transmitters

= 6.5 10^9 for X-band transmitters

= -7.0 10^9 for Ku-band transmitters

= 1.0 10^10 for Ka-band transmitters

X1 to X4 have the same values as T1 to T4 but

are dependent on the exciter band (Item 13)

RTLT is the round-trip light time

For Doppler data the residual (sometimes called the

pseudo-residual) is the observed Doppler minus the predicted

Doppler

The range observable is computed as follows:

Observable = R - C + Z - S

where:

R = range measurement

C = station delay calibration

Z = Z correction, which is the delay resulting from DSN

station optics that is not included in routine closed

loop calibrations (C)

S = spacecraft delay"

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "OBSERVABLE - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 5: The fractional part of the

observable, scaled by 10^9. See DESCRIPTION under

Column 3 for details on definition."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 5

NAME = "ITEMS 6-19"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_BIT_STRING

START_BYTE = 17

BYTES = 12

DESCRIPTION = "Items 6-19 of the ODF."

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "FORMAT ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 1

BITS = 3

DESCRIPTION = "Item 6: The Format ID. Set to 2. If this

value is 1, the ODF was created on or before 1997-04-14

and will not be accurately described by this set of

object definitions. If FORMAT ID = 1, see:

JPL/DSN Document 820-13; Rev A

DSN System Requirements

Detail Interface Design

TRK-2-18

DSN Tracking System Interfaces

Orbit Data File Interface

Mark IVA

Effective Date: May 15, 1984"

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "PRIMARY RECEIVING STATION ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 4

BITS = 7

DESCRIPTION = "Item 7: The ID Number of the primary

Receiving Station."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "TRANSMITTING STATION ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 11

BITS = 7

DESCRIPTION = "Item 8: Transmitting Station ID Number.

Set to zero if quasar VLBI, one-way (Doppler, phase,

or range), or angles data."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "NETWORK ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 18

BITS = 2

DESCRIPTION = "Item 9: Network ID Number for primary

Receiving Station: Set to:

0 for DSN, Block V exciter

1 for other

2 for OTS (OVLBI Tracking Subnet, where

OVLBI is Orbiting VLBI)"

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "DATA TYPE ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 20

BITS = 6

DESCRIPTION = "Item 10: Data Type ID Number.

Allowed data type values include:

01 = Narrowband spacecraft VLBI, Doppler mode; cycles

02 = Narrowband spacecraft VLBI, phase mode; cycles

03 = Narrowband quasar VLBI, Doppler mode; cycles

04 = Narrowband quasar VLBI, phase mode; cycles

05 = Wideband spacecraft VLBI; nanoseconds

06 = Wideband quasar VLBI; nanoseconds

11 = One-way Doppler; Hertz

12 = Two-way Doppler; Hertz

13 = Three-way Doppler; Hertz

21 = One-way total-count phase; cycles

22 = Two-way total-count phase; cycles

23 = Three-way total-count phase; cycles

36 = PRA Planetary operational discrete spectrum range;

range units

37 = SRA Planetary operational discrete spectrum range;

range units

41 = RE [GSTDN] Range; nanoseconds

51 = Azimuth angle; degrees

52 = Elevation angle; degrees

53 = Hour angle; degrees

54 = Declination angle; degrees

55 = X angle (where +X is east); degrees

56 = Y angle (where +X is east); degrees

57 = X angle (where +X is south); degrees

58 = Y angle (where +X is south); degrees

Notes: Some of the descriptions below refer to 'generic'

data types. These are defined as follows:

Data Types Generic Term

---------- ------------

01-06 VLBI

01-04 Narrowband VLBI

05-06 Wideband VLBI

03, 04, 06 Quasar

11-58 Tracking or TRK

01-58 Radiometric"

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "DOWNLINK BAND ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 26

BITS = 2

DESCRIPTION = "Item 11: Downlink Band ID. Allowed

values include:

0 = Not applicable if angle data,

Ku-band otherwise

1 = S-band

2 = X-band

3 = Ka-band"

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "UPLINK BAND ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 28

BITS = 2

DESCRIPTION = "Item 12: Uplink Band ID. Allowed

values include:

0 = Not applicable if angle data or 1-way data,

Ku-band otherwise

1 = S-band

2 = X-band

3 = Ka-band"

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "EXCITER BAND ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 30

BITS = 2

DESCRIPTION = "Item 13: Exciter Band ID. Allowed

values include:

0 = Not applicable if angle data,

Ku-band otherwise

1 = S-band

2 = X-band

3 = Ka-band"

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "DATA VALIDITY INDICATOR"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 32

BITS = 1

DESCRIPTION = "Item 14: The data validity flag. Values are:

0 = good

1 = bad"

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "ITEM 15"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 33

BITS = 7

DESCRIPTION = "Item 15:

Second receiving station ID number, if VLBI data;

Lowest (last) component, if PRA/SRA range data;

Integer seconds of observable, if RE range data;

Set to 0, otherwise."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "ITEM 16"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 40

BITS = 10

DESCRIPTION = "Item 16:

Quasar ID, if VLBI quasar data;

Spacecraft ID, otherwise."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "ITEM 17"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 50

BITS = 1

DESCRIPTION = "Item 17:

Modulus indicator, if wideband VLBI data;

Phase Point indicator, if narrowband

VLBI data;

Receiver/exciter independent flag, if Doppler,

phase, or range data (0=no, 1=yes);

Set to 0, otherwise."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "ITEM 18"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 51

BITS = 22

DESCRIPTION = "Item 18:

Reference frequency, high part, milliHertz:

Transponder frequency, if one-way Doppler

or phase;

Receiver frequency, if ramped and not

one-way;

Transmitter frequency otherwise;

Set to 0, if angles data."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "ITEM 19"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 73

BITS = 24

DESCRIPTION = "Item 19: Reference frequency, low part,

milliHertz. See DESCRIPTION under Item 18 for details."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 6

NAME = "ITEMS 20-22"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_BIT_STRING

START_BYTE = 29

BYTES = 8

DESCRIPTION = "Items 20-22 of the ODF."

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "ITEM 20"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 1

BITS = 20

DESCRIPTION = "Item 20:

If narrowband VLBI data:

(Phase Calibration Flag minus 1) times 100000, plus

Channel ID Number times 10000.

If wideband VLBI data:

(Channel Sampling Flag minus 1) times 100000, plus

Mode ID number times 10000, plus Modulus high-part

in 10^-1 nanoseconds.

If OTS Doppler data:

Train Axis Angle in millidegrees.

If PRA/SRA range data:

Uplink Ranging Transmitter In-Phase Time Offset from

Sample Timetag in seconds

Otherwise, set to 0."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "ITEM 21"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 21

BITS = 22

DESCRIPTION = "Item 21:

If wideband VLBI data:

Modulus low-part (units are nanoseconds after the value

is multiplied by 10^-7).

If Doppler, phase, or narrowband VLBI data:

Compression time in hundredths of a second.

If PRA/SRA range data:

Highest (first) Component times 100000, plus

Downlink Ranging Transmitter Coder In-Phase

Time Offset from Sample Timetag in seconds.

Otherwise, set to 0."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "ITEM 22"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 43

BITS = 22

DESCRIPTION = "Item 22:

If VLBI data:

Second Receiving Station Downlink Delay in nanoseconds.

If Doppler, phase, or range data:

Transmitting Station Uplink Delay in nanoseconds.

Otherwise, set to 0."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF3C_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF4A26_TABLE

NAME = "RAMP GROUP 26 HEADER"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 4

ROW_BYTES = 16

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 20

DESCRIPTION = "Ramp Groups are

usually the fourth of several groups of records in an

Orbit Data File (ODF). They contain information on

tuning of receivers or transmitters. There is usually

one Ramp Group for each DSN station. The Ramp Group

Header is the first record in each Ramp Group. It is

one 36-byte record and is followed by one or more 36-

byte Ramp Group data records. Data records are time

ordered within each Ramp Group. The Ramp Group may be

omitted from an ODF. The row suffix bytes in the Ramp

Group Header are set to 0."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "PRIMARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The Primary Key indicates the type

of data records to follow. In the Ramp Group Header

this field is set to 2030."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "SECONDARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: Set to the Station ID Number."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "LOGICAL RECORD LENGTH"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

UNIT = PACKET

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The Logical Record Length gives the

number of 36-byte physical records making up each logical

record in a Ramp Group data record. For the Ramp Group

it is set to 1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "GROUP START PACKET NUMBER"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The Group Start Packet Number

gives the number of the ODF packet containing the

Ramp Group Header; packet numbering starts with 0

for the File Label Group Header."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF4A26_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF4B26_TABLE

NAME = "RAMP GROUP 26 DATA"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 236

COLUMNS = 9

ROW_BYTES = 36

DESCRIPTION = "Ramp Groups are

usually the fourth of several groups of records in an

Orbit Data File (ODF). They contain information on

tuning of receivers or transmitters. There is usually

one Ramp Group for each DSN station. The Ramp Group

Header is the first record in each Ramp Group. It is

one 36-byte record and is followed by one or more 36-

byte Ramp Group data records. Data records are time

ordered within each Ramp Group. The Ramp Group may be

omitted from an ODF."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "RAMP START TIME - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

UNIT = SECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The integer part of the ramp

start time, measured from 0 hours UTC on 1 January 1950."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "RAMP START TIME - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

UNIT = NANOSECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: The fractional part of the ramp

start time - see Column 1 (Item 1)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "RAMP RATE - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The integer part of the ramp

rate."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "RAMP RATE - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The fractional part of the ramp

rate, in units of 10^-9 of Column 3."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 5

NAME = "ITEMS 5-6"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_BIT_STRING

START_BYTE = 17

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Items 5-6 of the ODF."

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - GHZ"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 1

BITS = 22

UNIT = GIGAHERTZ

DESCRIPTION = "Item 5: Ramp Start Frequency, integer GHz.

If this value is non-zero, Ramp Start Frequency and Ramp

Rate are at sky level."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "STATION ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 23

BITS = 10

DESCRIPTION = "Item 6: Receiving/Transmitting Station

ID Number."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 6

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 21

BYTES = 4

UNIT = HERTZ

DESCRIPTION = "Item 7: The integer part of the

Ramp Start Frequency, modulo 10^9."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 7

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 25

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 8: The fractional part of the

Ramp Start Frequency, in units of 10^-9 of

Column 6."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 8

NAME = "RAMP END TIME - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 29

BYTES = 4

UNIT = SECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 9: The integer part of the ramp

end time, measured from 0 hours UTC on 1 January 1950."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 9

NAME = "RAMP END TIME - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 33

BYTES = 4

UNIT = NANOSECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 10: The fractional part of the ramp

end time (see Column 8)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF4B26_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF4A43_TABLE

NAME = "RAMP GROUP 43 HEADER"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 4

ROW_BYTES = 16

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 20

DESCRIPTION = "Ramp Groups are

usually the fourth of several groups of records in an

Orbit Data File (ODF). They contain information on

tuning of receivers or transmitters. There is usually

one Ramp Group for each DSN station. The Ramp Group

Header is the first record in each Ramp Group. It is

one 36-byte record and is followed by one or more 36-

byte Ramp Group data records. Data records are time

ordered within each Ramp Group. The Ramp Group may be

omitted from an ODF. The row suffix bytes in the Ramp

Group Header are set to 0."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "PRIMARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The Primary Key indicates the type

of data records to follow. In the Ramp Group Header

this field is set to 2030."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "SECONDARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: Set to the Station ID Number."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "LOGICAL RECORD LENGTH"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

UNIT = PACKET

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The Logical Record Length gives the

number of 36-byte physical records making up each logical

record in a Ramp Group data record. For the Ramp Group

it is set to 1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "GROUP START PACKET NUMBER"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The Group Start Packet Number

gives the number of the ODF packet containing the

Ramp Group Header; packet numbering starts with 0

for the File Label Group Header."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF4A43_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF4B43_TABLE

NAME = "RAMP GROUP 43 DATA"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 161

COLUMNS = 9

ROW_BYTES = 36

DESCRIPTION = "Ramp Groups are

usually the fourth of several groups of records in an

Orbit Data File (ODF). They contain information on

tuning of receivers or transmitters. There is usually

one Ramp Group for each DSN station. The Ramp Group

Header is the first record in each Ramp Group. It is

one 36-byte record and is followed by one or more 36-

byte Ramp Group data records. Data records are time

ordered within each Ramp Group. The Ramp Group may be

omitted from an ODF."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "RAMP START TIME - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

UNIT = SECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The integer part of the ramp

start time, measured from 0 hours UTC on 1 January 1950."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "RAMP START TIME - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

UNIT = NANOSECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: The fractional part of the ramp

start time - see Column 1 (Item 1)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "RAMP RATE - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The integer part of the ramp

rate."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "RAMP RATE - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The fractional part of the ramp

rate, in units of 10^-9 of Column 3."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 5

NAME = "ITEMS 5-6"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_BIT_STRING

START_BYTE = 17

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Items 5-6 of the ODF."

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - GHZ"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 1

BITS = 22

UNIT = GIGAHERTZ

DESCRIPTION = "Item 5: Ramp Start Frequency, integer GHz.

If this value is non-zero, Ramp Start Frequency and Ramp

Rate are at sky level."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "STATION ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 23

BITS = 10

DESCRIPTION = "Item 6: Receiving/Transmitting Station

ID Number."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 6

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 21

BYTES = 4

UNIT = HERTZ

DESCRIPTION = "Item 7: The integer part of the

Ramp Start Frequency, modulo 10^9."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 7

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 25

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 8: The fractional part of the

Ramp Start Frequency, in units of 10^-9 of

Column 6."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 8

NAME = "RAMP END TIME - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 29

BYTES = 4

UNIT = SECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 9: The integer part of the ramp

end time, measured from 0 hours UTC on 1 January 1950."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 9

NAME = "RAMP END TIME - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 33

BYTES = 4

UNIT = NANOSECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 10: The fractional part of the ramp

end time (see Column 8)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF4B43_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF4A55_TABLE

NAME = "RAMP GROUP 55 HEADER"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 4

ROW_BYTES = 16

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 20

DESCRIPTION = "Ramp Groups are

usually the fourth of several groups of records in an

Orbit Data File (ODF). They contain information on

tuning of receivers or transmitters. There is usually

one Ramp Group for each DSN station. The Ramp Group

Header is the first record in each Ramp Group. It is

one 36-byte record and is followed by one or more 36-

byte Ramp Group data records. Data records are time

ordered within each Ramp Group. The Ramp Group may be

omitted from an ODF. The row suffix bytes in the Ramp

Group Header are set to 0."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "PRIMARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The Primary Key indicates the type

of data records to follow. In the Ramp Group Header

this field is set to 2030."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "SECONDARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: Set to the Station ID Number."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "LOGICAL RECORD LENGTH"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

UNIT = PACKET

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The Logical Record Length gives the

number of 36-byte physical records making up each logical

record in a Ramp Group data record. For the Ramp Group

it is set to 1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "GROUP START PACKET NUMBER"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The Group Start Packet Number

gives the number of the ODF packet containing the

Ramp Group Header; packet numbering starts with 0

for the File Label Group Header."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF4A55_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF4B55_TABLE

NAME = "RAMP GROUP 55 DATA"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 139

COLUMNS = 9

ROW_BYTES = 36

DESCRIPTION = "Ramp Groups are

usually the fourth of several groups of records in an

Orbit Data File (ODF). They contain information on

tuning of receivers or transmitters. There is usually

one Ramp Group for each DSN station. The Ramp Group

Header is the first record in each Ramp Group. It is

one 36-byte record and is followed by one or more 36-

byte Ramp Group data records. Data records are time

ordered within each Ramp Group. The Ramp Group may be

omitted from an ODF."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "RAMP START TIME - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

UNIT = SECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The integer part of the ramp

start time, measured from 0 hours UTC on 1 January 1950."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "RAMP START TIME - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

UNIT = NANOSECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: The fractional part of the ramp

start time - see Column 1 (Item 1)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "RAMP RATE - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The integer part of the ramp

rate."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "RAMP RATE - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The fractional part of the ramp

rate, in units of 10^-9 of Column 3."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 5

NAME = "ITEMS 5-6"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_BIT_STRING

START_BYTE = 17

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Items 5-6 of the ODF."

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - GHZ"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 1

BITS = 22

UNIT = GIGAHERTZ

DESCRIPTION = "Item 5: Ramp Start Frequency, integer GHz.

If this value is non-zero, Ramp Start Frequency and Ramp

Rate are at sky level."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

NAME = "STATION ID"

BIT_DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BIT = 23

BITS = 10

DESCRIPTION = "Item 6: Receiving/Transmitting Station

ID Number."

END_OBJECT = BIT_COLUMN

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 6

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 21

BYTES = 4

UNIT = HERTZ

DESCRIPTION = "Item 7: The integer part of the

Ramp Start Frequency, modulo 10^9."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 7

NAME = "RAMP START FREQUENCY - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 25

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 8: The fractional part of the

Ramp Start Frequency, in units of 10^-9 of

Column 6."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 8

NAME = "RAMP END TIME - INTEGER PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 29

BYTES = 4

UNIT = SECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 9: The integer part of the ramp

end time, measured from 0 hours UTC on 1 January 1950."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 9

NAME = "RAMP END TIME - FRACTIONAL PART"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 33

BYTES = 4

UNIT = NANOSECOND

DESCRIPTION = "Item 10: The fractional part of the ramp

end time (see Column 8)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF4B55_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF8A_TABLE

NAME = "END OF FILE GROUP HEADER"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 4

ROW_BYTES = 16

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 20

DESCRIPTION = "The End of File Group

is usually the eighth and last of several groups of

records in an Orbit Data File (ODF). It is a single

record of 36-bytes and denotes the logical end of the

ODF. Row suffix bytes are set to 0."

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

NAME = "PRIMARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 1: The Primary Key indicates the type

of data records to follow. In the End of File Group

this field is set to -1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

NAME = "SECONDARY KEY"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 2: The Secondary Key is not used in

the ODF. It is set to 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

NAME = "LOGICAL RECORD LENGTH"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

UNIT = PACKET

DESCRIPTION = "Item 3: The Logical Record Length is set

to 0 in the End of File Group, indicating that no

logical records follow."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

NAME = "GROUP START PACKET NUMBER"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DESCRIPTION = "Item 4: The Group Start Packet Number

gives the number of the ODF packet containing the

End of File Group; packet numbering starts with 0

for the File Label Group Header."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF8A_TABLE

OBJECT = ODF8B_TABLE

NAME = "END OF FILE GROUP DATA"

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 35

COLUMNS = 1

ROW_BYTES = 36

DESCRIPTION = "The End of File Group Data

are the last several records in an Orbit Data File

(ODF). They are not defined, and simply fill out

the final 8064-byte logical blocks in the file."

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SPARE"

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

BYTES = 36

START_BYTE = 1

ITEMS = 9

ITEM_BYTES = 4

ITEM_OFFSET = 4

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = ODF8B_TABLE

END

7.3.3.3 RSR

The RSR data product has a label as follows:

PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3

RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH

RECORD_BYTES = 4260

FILE_RECORDS = 19801

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-RSS-2-EDR-V1.0"

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR

LABORATORY A"

INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A"

MISSION_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR

LABORATORY"

OBSERVATION_TYPE = "SCIENCE"

PRODUCER_ID = DSN

DSN_STATION_NUMBER = 45

NOTE = ""

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2012-148T11:35:00

PRODUCT_ID = "GRALUGF2012148_0605NNNX45RD.1A1"

^TABLE = "GRALUGF2012148_0605NNNX45RD.1A1"

START_TIME = 2012-148T06:05:00

STOP_TIME = 2012-148T11:35:00

SOFTWARE_NAME = "UNK"

DOCUMENT_NAME = "JPL D-16765"

OBJECT = TABLE

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

ROWS = 19801

COLUMNS = 72

ROW_BYTES = 4260

DESCRIPTION = "The Radio Science Receiver (RSR) is

a computer-controlled open loop receiver that digitally records a

spacecraft signal through the use of an analog to digital converter

(ADC) and up to four digital filter sub-channels. The digital samples

from each sub-channel are stored to disk in one second records in real

time. In near real time the one second records are partitioned and

formatted into a sequence of RSR Standard Format Data Units (SFDUs)

which are transmitted to the Advanced Multi-Mission Operations System

(AMMOS) at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Included in each RSR

SFDU are the ancillary data necessary to reconstruct the signal

represented by the recorded data samples.

Each SFDU is defined here as a single row in a PDS TABLE object; later

SFDUs are later rows. The first fields in each row contain the ancillary

data (time tags and frequency estimates, for example) that applied while

the samples at the end of the record were being collected. The object

definitions below explain where the fields are and what the contents

represent.

Analysis of variations in the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the

recorded signals provides information on the ring structure, atmospheric

density, magnetic field, and charged particle environment of planets

which occult the spacecraft. Variations in the recorded signal can also

be used for detection of gravitational waves."

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU CONTROL AUTHORITY"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 1

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 4

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "An ASCII string giving the SFDU

Control Authority for this data

type. Set to 'NJPL', meaning the

data description information for

this type of SFDU is maintained

by the NASA/JPL Control Authority."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU LABEL VERSION ID"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 2

START_BYTE = 5

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "An ASCII character giving the SFDU

Label Version Identifier. Set to

'2', meaning the length given in

bytes 13-20 is formatted as a

binary unsigned integer."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU CLASS ID"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 3

START_BYTE = 6

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "An ASCII character giving the SFDU

Class Identifier. Set to 'I',

meaning this is a Compressed Header

Data Object (CHDO) structured SFDU."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU RESERVED"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 4

START_BYTE = 7

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "These two bytes are not defined."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU DATA DESCRIPTION ID"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 5

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 4

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "An ASCII string giving the SFDU Data

Description Identifier. Set to

'C997', a unique identifier for the

RSR data type within the NASA/JPL

Control Authority."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU RSR LENGTH PAD"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 6

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 4

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The high-order 32 bits of a 64-bit

unsigned binary integer giving the

number of remaining bytes in

the SFDU after the 20-byte label.

Always '0' in the RSR SFDU."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU RSR LENGTH"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 7

START_BYTE = 17

BYTES = 4

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "BYTE"

DESCRIPTION = "The number of remaining bytes in

the SFDU after the 20-byte label.

Always less than 31000."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "HEADER AGGREGATION CHDO TYPE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 8

START_BYTE = 21

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Header Aggregation CHDO Type. Set

to '1', meaning this CHDO is an

aggregation of header CHDOs. The

NJPL Control Authority maintains a

registry of CHDO types."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "HEADER AGGREGATION CHDO LENGTH"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 9

START_BYTE = 23

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "BYTE"

DESCRIPTION = "Header Aggregation CHDO Length. Set

to '232', meaning length of the

value field of the Header Aggregation

CHDO is 232 bytes (bytes 25-256)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "PRIMARY HEADER CHDO TYPE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 10

START_BYTE = 25

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Primary Header CHDO Type. Set to

to '2', meaning this CHDO is a

primary header CHDO. The NJPL

Control Authority maintains a

registry of CHDO types."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "PRIMARY HEADER CHDO LENGTH"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 11

START_BYTE = 27

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "BYTE"

DESCRIPTION = "Primary Header CHDO Length. Set to

'4', meaning length of the value

field of the Primary Header CHDO is

4 bytes (bytes 29-32)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "MAJOR DATA CLASS"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 12

START_BYTE = 29

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Major Data Class. Set to '21',

meaning this SFDU contains Radio

Science data."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "MINOR DATA CLASS"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 13

START_BYTE = 30

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Minor Data Class. Set to '4'.

This Major/Minor Data Class

combination means the SFDU contains

Radio Science RSR data."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "MISSION IDENTIFIER"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 14

START_BYTE = 31

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Mission Identifier. Set to '0',

meaning the RSR does not use this

field. The value may be changed

if the Ground Data System handles

the data. If a Mission Identifier

is needed, values may be found in

DSN document 820-013, OPS-6-21A,

Table 3-4."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "FORMAT CODE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 15

START_BYTE = 32

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Format Code. Set to '0'. The RSR

supports only one data format."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SECONDARY HEADER CHDO TYPE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 16

START_BYTE = 33

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Secondary Header CHDO Type. Set to

to '104', meaning this CHDO is an

RSR secondary header CHDO. The NJPL

Control Authority maintains a

registry of CHDO types."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SECONDARY HEADER CHDO LENGTH"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 17

START_BYTE = 35

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "BYTE"

DESCRIPTION = "Secondary Header CHDO Length. Set to

'220', meaning length of the value

field of the Secondary Header CHDO is

220 bytes (bytes 37-256)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "ORIGINATOR ID"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 18

START_BYTE = 37

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Originator Identifier. A value '48'

means the data originated within the

DSN."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "LAST MODIFIER ID"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 19

START_BYTE = 38

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Last Modifier Identifier. A value

'48' means the contents of the SFDU

were last modified by the DSN."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "RSR SOFTWARE ID"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 20

START_BYTE = 39

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "RSR Software Identifier. The version

of the RSR software is indicated by

an unsigned binary integer between

0 and 65535."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "RECORD SEQUENCE NUMBER"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 21

START_BYTE = 41

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The Record Sequence Number (RSN)

starts at 0 for the first RSR SFDU

and increments by 1 for each

successive SFDU to a maximum of

65535, after which it resets to 0

and begins incrementing again.

The RSN may be reset at other times,

such as when the RSR is started or

restarted. The RSN is provided by

the originator of the SFDU and should

not be changed during subsequent

handling or modification."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SIGNAL PROCESSING CENTER"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 22

START_BYTE = 43

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Signal Processing Center (SPC)

Identifier. Valid numbers include

10 Goldstone

40 Canberra

60 Madrid

21 DTF21"

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DEEP SPACE STATION"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 23

START_BYTE = 44

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Deep Space Station (DSS) Identifier.

This is the DSS identifier listed in

the frequency predicts file used to

collect the data in this SFDU. DSS

identifiers are listed in DSN

document 820-013, OPS-6-3 and include

valid numbers such as 14, 15, 25, 43,

45, 54, and 63."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "RADIO SCIENCE RECEIVER"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 24

START_BYTE = 45

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Radio Science Receiver (RSR)

Identifier. Values can be in the

range 1-16 and specify the RSR used

to collect the data in this SFDU.

For example,

RSR ID = 1 denotes RSR1A

RSR ID = 2 denotes RSR1B

RSR ID = 3 denotes RSR2A

The SPC ID and RSR ID uniquely

specify the hardware used in the

data acquisition. SPC 10 has three

RSR racks; SPC 40 and SPC 60 each

have two. Each rack has two

receivers (A and B). Except for the

analog components in the ADCs, the

end-to-end performance of every RSR

should be identical."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL IDENTIFIER"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 25

START_BYTE = 46

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Sub-Channel Identifier. This can be

in the range 1-4 and specifies the

RSR sub-channel used to acquire the

the data in this SFDU."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SECONDARY HEADER CHDO RESERVED"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 26

START_BYTE = 47

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "This field is not used."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SPACECRAFT"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 27

START_BYTE = 48

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Spacecraft Identifier, as listed in

the frequency predicts file used to

collect the data in this SFDU. Values

are assigned by the Deep Space

Mission System (DSMS) and are in the

range 0-255. Assignments are given

in DSN document 820-013, OPS-6-21A,

Table 3-4."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "PREDICTS PASS NUMBER"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 28

START_BYTE = 49

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Predicts Pass Number (range 0-65535)

gives the DSN pass number in the

predicts file used to collect the

data in this SFDU."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "UPLINK FREQUENCY BAND"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 29

START_BYTE = 51

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The Uplink Frequency Band specified

in the predicts file used to collect

the data in this SFDU. Possible

values include 'S' (S-Band), 'X' (X-

Band), and 'K' (Ka-Band)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DOWNLINK FREQUENCY BAND"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 30

START_BYTE = 52

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The Downlink Frequency Band specified

in the predicts file used to collect

the data in this SFDU. Possible

values include 'S' (S-Band), 'X' (X-

Band), and 'K' (Ka-Band)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "TRACKING MODE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 31

START_BYTE = 53

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The Tracking Mode in use when the

data in this SFDU were acquired.

Possible values are '1' (one-way),

'2' (two-way), and '3' (three-way)."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "UPLINK DSS ID FOR 3-WAY TRACKING"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 32

START_BYTE = 54

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Deep Space Station (DSS) Identifier

for the uplink antenna when

TRACKING_MODE=3; otherwise,

undefined. DSS identifiers are

listed in DSN document 820-013,

OPS-6-3 and include valid numbers

such as 14, 15, 25, 43, 45, 54, and

63."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "FGAIN"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 33

START_BYTE = 55

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_INTEGER

UNIT = "DECIBEL HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "Expected ratio of signal power to

noise power in a one Hz bandwidth

when the data in this SFDU were

collected. This parameter is used

to estimate the sample voltage

amplitudes at the RSR output and

to compute settings of the

sub-channel filter gain so that

there is no clipping of the sample

values. Possible values are in the

range -127 to +128."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "FGAIN IF BANDWIDTH"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 34

START_BYTE = 56

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "MEGAHERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "IF Bandwidth expected to be in use

by the RSR at the time the data in

this SFDU were acquired. This value

is used to compute the settings of

the sub-channel filter gain. Values

can be in the range 1-127."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "FROV FLAG"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 35

START_BYTE = 57

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Frequency Predicts Override Flag.

Set to '0', this indicates that the

frequency predicts file was in use;

any other value indicates that the

frequency specified by the FROV

command was in use. The value of

the override frequency is given by

PREDICTS_FREQUENCY_OVERRIDE in

Column 51."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DIG ATTENUATION"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 36

START_BYTE = 58

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "RSR Digitizer Subassembly (DIG)

setting. Values are in the range

0-63, which correspond to 0.5 dB

increments in attenuation."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DIG ADC RMS"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 37

START_BYTE = 59

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Root-mean-square amplitude of about

10000 8-bit samples taken from the DIG

ADC stream. Time of the measurement

is stored in bytes Columns 39-41."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DIG ADC PEAK"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 38

START_BYTE = 60

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Peak amplitude from about 10000 8-bit

samples taken from the DIG ADC stream.

Time for the measurement is stored in

Columns 39-41."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DIG ADC YEAR"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 39

START_BYTE = 61

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "UTC year on which the ADC data were

computed. Values can range over

1900-3000."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DIG ADC DAY OF YEAR"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 40

START_BYTE = 63

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "UTC day-of-year on which the ADC

data were computed. Values can

range over 1-366."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DIG ADC SECOND"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 41

START_BYTE = 65

BYTES = 4

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "SECOND"

DESCRIPTION = "UTC second of day on which the ADC

data were computed. Values can

range over 0-86400."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SAMPLE RESOLUTION"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 42

START_BYTE = 69

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "BIT"

DESCRIPTION = "Bits per sample in the data in this

SFDU. Valid values are 1, 2, 4, 8,

and 16 and are selected by the RSR

operator while it is in configure

state."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DATA ERROR COUNT"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 43

START_BYTE = 70

BYTES = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Number of hardware errors encountered

while the data in this SFDU were

being recorded. Values can range over

0-255, but any value greater than 0

indicates data may have been

corrupted by hardware errors."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SAMPLE RATE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 44

START_BYTE = 71

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "KILOSAMPLE PER SECOND"

DESCRIPTION = "The rate at which samples were

collected in this SFDU. Sample rate

or bandwidth is specified by the

operator while the RSR is in the

configure state."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DDC LO FREQUENCY"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 45

START_BYTE = 73

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "MEGAHERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "Digital Down Converter (DDC) Local

Oscillator (LO) Frequency. This

specifies the downconversion applied

to the signal in the DIG and DDC.

This frequency is needed to compute

the sky frequency of the data in

this SFDU:

Fsky = RFtoIF_LO +

DDC_LO -

NCO_Freq +

Fresid

where

RFtoIF_LO is in Column 46,

DDC_LO is in Column 45,

NCO_Freq from Columns 61-63, and

Fresid is the signal offset

from DC in the RSR data."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "RF-IF LO FREQUENCY"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 46

START_BYTE = 75

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "MEGAHERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "RF to IF Down Converter Local

Oscillator (LO) Frequency. This

specifies the total downconversion

applied to the signal before it

entered the RSR DIG. The value is

subtracted from the RF predict

points in order to obtain the

frequency of the desired signal at

IF. The RSR selects a default value

based on the downlink band: 2000

(S-Band), 8100 (X-Band), or 31700

(Ka-Band). This frequency is needed

in order to reconstruct the sky

frequency of the data contained in

this SFDU:

Fsky = RFtoIF_LO +

DDC_LO -

NCO_Freq +

Fresid

where

RFtoIF_LO is in Column 46,

DDC_LO is in Column 45,

NCO_Freq from Columns 61-63, and

Fresid is the signal offset

from DC in the RSR data."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU YEAR"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 47

START_BYTE = 77

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "UTC year for the SFDU data and

models. Values can range over

1900-3000."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU DAY OF YEAR"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 48

START_BYTE = 79

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "UTC day-of-year for the SFDU

data and models. Values can

range over 1-366."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SFDU SECOND"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 49

START_BYTE = 81

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "SECOND"

DESCRIPTION = "UTC seconds of day for the SFDU

data and models. Values can range

over 0-86400."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "PREDICTS TIME SHIFT"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 50

START_BYTE = 89

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "SECOND"

DESCRIPTION = "The number of seconds added to the

time tags of the frequency predicts

to shift them in time. This feature

allows testing the RSR with old

predict files. The value should be

0.0 during normal operations."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "PREDICTS FREQUENCY OVERRIDE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 51

START_BYTE = 97

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The value of the predicts frequency

override specified by the FROV

command; this constant value is

substituted for the value derived

from the predicts. The flag in

Column 35 indicates whether the

frequency override is active."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "PREDICTS FREQUENCY RATE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 52

START_BYTE = 105

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ PER SECOND"

DESCRIPTION = "The frequency rate added to the RF

frequency predicts as specified by

the FRR command. The allowable range

is -8000 to +8000 Hz/s."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "PREDICTS FREQUENCY OFFSET"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 53

START_BYTE = 113

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The total frequency added to the

RF frequency predicts as specified

the FRO command and the accumulated

frequency rate as specified by the

FRR command. The allowable

range is -8 to +8 MHz."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL FREQUENCY OFFSET"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 54

START_BYTE = 121

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The frequency added to the frequency

predicts for this sub-channel as

specified by the SFRO command."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "RF POINT 1"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 55

START_BYTE = 129

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The radio frequency at the beginning

of the second as calculated from the

predicts."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "RF POINT 2"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 56

START_BYTE = 137

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The radio frequency at the middle

of the second as calculated from the

predicts."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "RF POINT 3"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 57

START_BYTE = 145

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The radio frequency at the end

of the second as calculated from the

predicts."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL FREQUENCY POINT 1"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 58

START_BYTE = 153

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel frequency at the

beginning of the second. This

point is used to create the

sub-channel frequency and phase

polynomials."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL FREQUENCY POINT 2"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 59

START_BYTE = 161

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel frequency at the

middle of the second. This

point is used to create the

sub-channel frequency and phase

polynomials."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL FREQUENCY POINT 3"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 60

START_BYTE = 169

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel frequency at the

end of the second. This

point is used to create the

sub-channel frequency and phase

polynomials."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL FREQUENCY COEF F1"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 61

START_BYTE = 177

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel frequency polynomial

coefficient F1 where the frequency

over a one millisecond interval

beginning at t in msec is evaluated

F(t) = F1 +

F2*((t+0.5)/1000) +

F3*((t+0.5)/1000)**2

The coefficients are derived from

the frequency points in columns

58-60."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL FREQUENCY COEF F2"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 62

START_BYTE = 185

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel frequency polynomial

coefficient F2 where the frequency

over a one millisecond interval

beginning at t in msec is evaluated

F(t) = F1 +

F2*((t+0.5)/1000) +

F3*((t+0.5)/1000)**2

The coefficients are derived from

the frequency points in columns

58-60."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL FREQUENCY COEF F3"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 63

START_BYTE = 193

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "HERTZ"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel frequency polynomial

coefficient F3 where the frequency

over a one millisecond interval

beginning at t in msec is evaluated

F(t) = F1 +

F2*((t+0.5)/1000) +

F3*((t+0.5)/1000)**2

The coefficients are derived from

the frequency points in columns

58-60."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL ACCUMULATED PHASE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 64

START_BYTE = 201

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "CYCLE"

DESCRIPTION = "The accumulated whole turns of the

sub-channel phase at the beginning

of the present second. The phase

during this second is the accumulated

phase incremented by the phase

computed using the coefficients in

Columns 65-68."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL PHASE COEF P1"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 65

START_BYTE = 209

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "CYCLE"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel phase polynomial

coefficient P1 where the phase

over a one millisecond interval

beginning at t in msec is evaluated

P(t) = P1 +

P2*((t+0.5)/1000) +

P3*((t+0.5)/1000)**2 +

P4*((t+0.5)/1000)**3

The coefficients are derived from

the frequency points in columns

58-60."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL PHASE COEF P2"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 66

START_BYTE = 217

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "CYCLE"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel phase polynomial

coefficient P2 where the phase

over a one millisecond interval

beginning at t in msec is evaluated

P(t) = P1 +

P2*((t+0.5)/1000) +

P3*((t+0.5)/1000)**2 +

P4*((t+0.5)/1000)**3

The coefficients are derived from

the frequency points in columns

58-60."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL PHASE COEF P3"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 67

START_BYTE = 225

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "CYCLE"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel phase polynomial

coefficient P3 where the phase

over a one millisecond interval

beginning at t in msec is evaluated

P(t) = P1 +

P2*((t+0.5)/1000) +

P3*((t+0.5)/1000)**2 +

P4*((t+0.5)/1000)**3

The coefficients are derived from

the frequency points in columns

58-60."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SUB-CHANNEL PHASE COEF P4"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 68

START_BYTE = 233

BYTES = 8

DATA_TYPE = IEEE_REAL

UNIT = "CYCLE"

DESCRIPTION = "The sub-channel phase polynomial

coefficient P4 where the phase

over a one millisecond interval

beginning at t in msec is evaluated

P(t) = P1 +

P2*((t+0.5)/1000) +

P3*((t+0.5)/1000)**2 +

P4*((t+0.5)/1000)**3

The coefficients are derived from

the frequency points in columns

58-60."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SPARES"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 69

BYTES = 16

ITEMS = 16

START_BYTE = 241

ITEM_BYTES = 1

ITEM_OFFSET = 1

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "These 16 bytes are undefined."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DATA CHDO TYPE"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 70

START_BYTE = 257

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Data CHDO Type. Set to '10', meaning

this CHDO contains binary data. The

NJPL Control Authority maintains a

registry of CHDO types."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DATA CHDO LENGTH"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 71

START_BYTE = 259

BYTES = 2

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "BYTE"

DESCRIPTION = "Data CHDO Length. Gives the number of

bytes in the value field of the Data

CHDO -- the number of bytes containing

I and Q samples."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "SAMPLE WORDS"

COLUMN_NUMBER = 72

START_BYTE = 261

BYTES = 4000

ITEMS = 1000

ITEM_BYTES = 4

ITEM_OFFSET = 4

DATA_TYPE = MSB_UNSIGNED_INTEGER

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Each ITEM contains one 32-bit sample

word: quadrature (Q) sample data in

the 16 most significant bits (MSBs)

followed by in-phase (I) sample data

in the 16 least significant bits

(LSBs). Within each Q and I word,

individual outputs from the analog

to digital converters (ADCs) are

stored as 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 bit values

in LSB to MSB time order (the sample

size is set in Column 42). For

example, if the data were collected

using 8-bit samples, the arrangement

would be

BYTES 1-2

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

BITS |1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

|<------Q2----->|<------Q1----->|

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

BYTES 3-4

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

BITS |1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|

|<------I2----->|<------I1----->|

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

where (Q1,I1) is the earlier sample

and (Q2,I2) was taken later."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = TABLE

END

7.3.4 LGRS RDR

Products in the LGRS RDR data set (GRAIL-L-LGRS-5-RDR-V1.0) have labels as follows:

7.3.4.1 Radio Science Digital Map Products (RSDMAP)

PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3

RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH

RECORD_BYTES = 5760

FILE_RECORDS = 721

^IMAGE = ("JGGRX_0660B_ANOM_L320.IMG",1)

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = {"GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY A",

"GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY B"}

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

INSTRUMENT_NAME = {"LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A",

"LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM B"}

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-LGRS-5-RDR-V1.0"

ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID = "GL0660B_ANOMALY_TRUNCATE_N=320"

PRODUCT_ID = "JGGRX_0660B_ANOM_L320.IMG"

PRODUCT_RELEASE_DATE = 2013-02-05

DESCRIPTION = "

This file contains a digital map of the gravity anomaly derived from

the JPL GL0660B model of the Moon's gravity field. Each point gives the

Lunar gravity anomaly in milligals, which is the difference of the model

gravity on the geoid from the gravity on a reference sphere

with semi-major-axis = 1738.0 km, GM = 4902.8003055554 km**3/s**2,

and zero rotation rate.

The JGGRX_0660B_ANOM_320 gravity anomaly is computed from a truncated

GL0660B solution (from degree 2 up to degree 320).

The reference for the GL0660B gravity field is KONOPLIVETAL2013,

published in the Journal of Geophysical Research with the DOI number

0.1002/jgre.20097."

START_TIME = 2012-03-01T16:28:00.000

STOP_TIME = 2012-05-29T16:36:00.000

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2013-02-05T00:00:00.000

PRODUCER_ID = "JPL LEVEL-2 TEAM"

OBJECT = IMAGE

LINES = 721

LINE_SAMPLES = 1440

SAMPLE_TYPE = "PC_REAL"

SAMPLE_BITS = 32

UNIT = "MILLIGALS"

OFFSET = 0.0E+00

SCALING_FACTOR = 1.0E+00

DESCRIPTION = "The Digital Map contains

values of the gravity anomaly. The values can be obtained

by multiplying the sample in the map by SCALING_FACTOR

and then adding OFFSET. One milligal equals 0.01 mm/s/s."

END_OBJECT = IMAGE

OBJECT = IMAGE_MAP_PROJECTION

^DATA_SET_MAP_PROJECTION = "DSMAP.CAT"

COORDINATE_SYSTEM_TYPE = "BODY-FIXED ROTATING"

COORDINATE_SYSTEM_NAME = PLANETOCENTRIC

MAP_PROJECTION_TYPE = "SIMPLE CYLINDRICAL"

A_AXIS_RADIUS = 1738.0 <km>

B_AXIS_RADIUS = 1738.0 <km>

C_AXIS_RADIUS = 1738.0 <km>

FIRST_STANDARD_PARALLEL = "N/A"

SECOND_STANDARD_PARALLEL = "N/A"

POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST"

CENTER_LATITUDE = 0.0 <DEGREE>

CENTER_LONGITUDE = 0.0 <DEGREE>

REFERENCE_LATITUDE = 0.0 <DEGREE>

REFERENCE_LONGITUDE = 0.0 <DEGREE>

LINE_FIRST_PIXEL = 1

LINE_LAST_PIXEL = 721

SAMPLE_FIRST_PIXEL = 1

SAMPLE_LAST_PIXEL = 1440

MAP_PROJECTION_ROTATION = 0.0 <DEGREE>

MAP_RESOLUTION = 4.0 <PIXEL/DEG>

MAP_SCALE = 7583.4556 <M/PIXEL>

MAXIMUM_LATITUDE = 90.0 <DEGREE>

MINIMUM_LATITUDE = -90.0 <DEGREE>

EASTERNMOST_LONGITUDE = 179.75 <DEGREE>

WESTERNMOST_LONGITUDE = -180.0 <DEGREE>

LINE_PROJECTION_OFFSET = 361.0

SAMPLE_PROJECTION_OFFSET = 720.5

END_OBJECT = IMAGE_MAP_PROJECTION

END

7.3.4.2 Spherical Harmonics ASCII Data Record (SHADR)

PDS_VERSION_ID = "PDS3"

RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH

RECORD_BYTES = 122

FILE_RECORDS = 218792

^SHADR_HEADER_TABLE = ("JGGRX_0660B_SHA.TAB",1)

^SHADR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE = ("JGGRX_0660B_SHA.TAB",3)

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = {"GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY A",

"GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY B"}

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

INSTRUMENT_NAME = {"LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A",

"LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM B"}

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-LGRS-5-RDR-V1.0"

OBSERVATION_TYPE = "GRAVITY FIELD"

ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID = "GL0660B"

PRODUCT_ID = "JGGRX_0660B_SHA.TAB"

PRODUCT_RELEASE_DATE = 2013-02-05

DESCRIPTION = "

This file contains coefficients and related data for the JPL Lunar gravity

field GL0660B, a 660th degree and order spherical harmonic model. It is

a JPL gravity field that includes the entire primary mission of

GRAIL tracking data (March 1, 16:30 to May 29, 16:36:00, 2012).

Some details describing this model are:

The spherical harmonic coefficients are fully normalized.

The reference radius = 1738.0 km

The planetary ephemeris is de421 and defines the lunar body-fixed

coordinate system.

A Kaula type power law constraint is applied to the spherical harmonics

coefficients for degrees >330 (3.6e-4/n^2).

The weighting of the KBRR data is mostly 0.03 microns/sec.

The second degree Love number solution is k2=0.02405. The second degree

gravity coefficients of this model do not include the permanent tide.

The reference for the GL0660B gravity field is KONOPLIVETAL2013,

published in the Journal of Geophysical Research with the DOI number

0.1002/jgre.20097.

This file is a pair of ASCII tables: a header table and a table of

436920 coefficients plus a value for GM. Definitions of the tables

follow."

START_TIME = 2012-03-01T16:28:00.000

STOP_TIME = 2012-05-29T16:36:00.000

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2013-02-05T00:00:00.000

PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JPL LEVEL-2 TEAM"

PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "JET PROPULSION LABORATORY"

PRODUCT_VERSION_TYPE = "PRELIMINARY"

PRODUCER_ID = "GRAIL"

OBJECT = SHADR_HEADER_TABLE

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 8

ROW_BYTES = 137

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 107

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII

DESCRIPTION = "The SHADR header includes

descriptive information about the spherical harmonic

coefficients which follow in SHADR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE.

The header consists of a single record of eight (delimited)

data columns requiring 137 bytes, a pad of 105 unspecified

ASCII characters, an ASCII carriage-return, and an ASCII

line-feed."

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "REFERENCE RADIUS"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "KILOMETER"

DESCRIPTION = "The assumed reference

radius of the spherical planet."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "CONSTANT"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 25

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "For a gravity field model

the assumed gravitational constant GM in kilometers cubed

per seconds squared for the planet. For a topography

model, set to 1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "UNCERTAINTY IN CONSTANT"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 49

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "For a gravity field model

the uncertainty in the gravitational constant GM in kilometers

cubed per seconds squared for the planet. For a topography

model, set to 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DEGREE OF FIELD"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 73

BYTES = 5

FORMAT = "I5"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The degree of model field."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "ORDER OF FIELD"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 79

BYTES = 5

FORMAT = "I5"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The order of the model field."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "NORMALIZATION STATE"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 85

BYTES = 5

FORMAT = "I5"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The normalization indicator.

For gravity field:

0 coefficients are unnormalized

1 coefficients are normalized

2 other."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "REFERENCE LONGITUDE"

POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 91

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "DEGREE"

DESCRIPTION = "The reference longitude for

the spherical harmonic expansion; normally 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "REFERENCE LATITUDE"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 115

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "DEGREE"

DESCRIPTION = "The reference latitude for

the spherical harmonic expansion; normally 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = SHADR_HEADER_TABLE

OBJECT = SHADR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE

ROWS = 218790

COLUMNS = 6

ROW_BYTES = 107

ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 15

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII

DESCRIPTION = "The SHADR coefficients table

contains the coefficients for the spherical harmonic model.

Each row in the table contains the degree index m, the

order index n, the coefficients Cmn and Smn, and the

uncertainties in Cmn and Smn. The (delimited) data

require 107 ASCII characters; these are followed by a pad

of 13 unspecified ASCII characters, an ASCII carriage-

return, and an ASCII line-feed."

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "COEFFICIENT DEGREE"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 5

FORMAT = "I5"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The degree index m of the

C and S coefficients in this record."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "COEFFICIENT ORDER"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 7

BYTES = 5

FORMAT = "I5"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The order index n of the

C and S coefficients in this record."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "C"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 13

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The coefficient Cmn

for this spherical harmonic model."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "S"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 37

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The coefficient Smn

for this spherical harmonic model."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "C UNCERTAINTY"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 61

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The uncertainty in the

coefficient Cmn for this spherical harmonic model."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "S UNCERTAINTY"

DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL

START_BYTE = 85

BYTES = 23

FORMAT = "E23.16"

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The uncertainty in the

coefficient Smn for this spherical harmonic model."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = SHADR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE

END

7.3.4.3 Spherical Harmonics Binary Data Record (SHBDR)

PDS_VERSION_ID = "PDS3"

FILE_NAME = "JGGRX_0660B_SHB_L50.DAT"

RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH

RECORD_BYTES = 512

FILE_RECORDS = 52835

^SHBDR_HEADER_TABLE = ("JGGRX_0660B_SHB_L50.DAT",1)

^SHBDR_NAMES_TABLE = ("JGGRX_0660B_SHB_L50.DAT",2)

^SHBDR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE = ("JGGRX_0660B_SHB_L50.DAT",43)

^SHBDR_COVARIANCE_TABLE = ("JGGRX_0660B_SHB_L50.DAT",84)

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = {"GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY A",

"GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY B"}

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

INSTRUMENT_NAME = {"LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A",

"LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM B"}

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-LGRS-5-RDR-V1.0"

OBSERVATION_TYPE = "GRAVITY FIELD"

PRODUCT_ID = "JGGRX_0660B_SHB_L50.DAT"

PRODUCT_RELEASE_DATE = 2012-07-31

DESCRIPTION = "

This file contains coefficients and related data for the JPL Lunar gravity

field GL0660B, a 660th degree and order spherical harmonic model. It is

a JPL gravity field that includes the entire primary mission of

GRAIL tracking data (March 1, 16:30 to May 29, 16:36:00, 2012).

Some details describing this model are:

The spherical harmonic coefficients are fully normalized.

The reference radius = 1738.0 km

The planetary ephemeris is de421 and defines the lunar body-fixed

coordinate system.

A Kaula type power law constraint is applied to the spherical harmonics

coefficients for degrees >330 (3.6e-4/n^2).

The weighting of the KBRR data is mostly 0.03 microns/sec.

The second degree Love number solution is k2=0.02405. The second degree

gravity coefficients of this model do not include the permanent tide.

This product contains the truncated n=50 covariance of the GL0660B

gravity model or JGGRX_0660B_SHA.

The reference for the GL0660B gravity field is KONOPLIVETAL2013,

published in the Journal of Geophysical Research with the DOI number

0.1002/jgre.20097.

This product is a set of binary tables:

a header table, a names table, a coefficients table, and a covariance

table. Definitions of the tables follow. This GRAIL moon gravity model

is in the form of a Spherical Harmonics Binary Data Record (SHBDR)."

START_TIME = 2012-03-01T16:28:00.000

STOP_TIME = 2012-05-29T16:36:00.000

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2013-06-06T00:00:00.000

PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "JPL LEVEL-2 TEAM"

PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "JET PROPULSION LABORATORY"

PRODUCT_VERSION_TYPE = "PRELIMINARY"

PRODUCER_ID = "GRAIL"

/* Structure Objects */

OBJECT = SHBDR_HEADER_TABLE

ROWS = 1

COLUMNS = 9

ROW_BYTES = 56

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

DESCRIPTION = "The SHBDR Header includes

descriptive information about the spherical harmonic

coefficients which follow in SHBDR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE.

The header consists of a single record of nine data

columns requiring 56 bytes. The Header is followed by

a pad of binary integer zeroes to ensure alignment

with RECORD_BYTES."

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "REFERENCE RADIUS"

DATA_TYPE = PC_REAL

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 8

UNIT = "KILOMETER"

DESCRIPTION = "The assumed reference

radius of the spherical planet."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "CONSTANT"

DATA_TYPE = PC_REAL

START_BYTE = 9

BYTES = 8

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "For a gravity field model

the gravitational constant GM in kilometers cubed per seconds

squared for the planet. For a topography model, set to 1."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "UNCERTAINTY IN CONSTANT"

DATA_TYPE = PC_REAL

START_BYTE = 17

BYTES = 8

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "For a gravity field model

the uncertainty in the gravitational constant GM in kilometers

cubed per seconds squared for the planet. For a topography

model, set to 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "DEGREE OF FIELD"

DATA_TYPE = LSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 25

BYTES = 4

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Degree of the model field."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "ORDER OF FIELD"

DATA_TYPE = LSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 29

BYTES = 4

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Order of the model field."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "NORMALIZATION STATE"

DATA_TYPE = LSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 33

BYTES = 4

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The normalization indicator.

For gravity field:

0 coefficients are unnormalized

1 coefficients are normalized

2 other."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "NUMBER OF NAMES"

DATA_TYPE = LSB_INTEGER

START_BYTE = 37

BYTES = 4

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "Number of valid names in

the SHBDR Names Table. Also, the number of valid

coefficients in the SHBDR Coefficients Table."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "REFERENCE LONGITUDE"

POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST"

DATA_TYPE = PC_REAL

START_BYTE = 41

BYTES = 8

UNIT = "DEGREE"

DESCRIPTION = "The reference longitude for

the spherical harmonic expansion; normally 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "REFERENCE LATITUDE"

DATA_TYPE = PC_REAL

START_BYTE = 49

BYTES = 8

UNIT = "DEGREE"

DESCRIPTION = "The reference latitude for

the spherical harmonic expansion; normally 0."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = SHBDR_HEADER_TABLE

OBJECT = SHBDR_NAMES_TABLE

ROWS = 2598

COLUMNS = 1

ROW_BYTES = 8

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

DESCRIPTION = "The SHBDR Names Table

contains names for the solution parameters (including

gravity field coefficients) which will follow in

SHBDR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE. The order of the names

in SHBDR_NAMES_TABLE corresponds identically to the

order of the parameters in SHBDR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE.

Each coefficient name is of the form Cij or Sij

where i is the degree of the coefficient and j is

the order of the coefficient. Both indices are three-

digit zero-filled right-justified ASCII character strings

(for example, C010005 for the 10th degree 5th order C

coefficient, or S002001 for the 2nd degree 1st order

S coefficient). The eighth byte in the table is an

ASCII blank used to ensure that the row length

is equal to RECORD_BYTES. Names of other solution

parameters are limited to 8 ASCII characters; if less

than 8, they will be left-justified and padded with

ASCII blanks. The Names Table itself will be padded

with ASCII blanks, if necessary, so that its length is

an integral multiple of RECORD_BYTES."

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "PARAMETER NAME"

DATA_TYPE = CHARACTER

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 8

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The name of the

coefficient or other solution parameter, left-

justified and padded with ASCII blanks (if needed)

to 8 characters."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = SHBDR_NAMES_TABLE

OBJECT = SHBDR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE

ROWS = 2598

COLUMNS = 1

ROW_BYTES = 8

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

DESCRIPTION = "The SHBDR Coefficients Table

contains the coefficients and other solution parameters

for the spherical harmonic model. The order of the

coefficients in this table corresponds exactly to the

order of the coefficient and parameter names in

SHBDR_NAMES_TABLE. The SHBDR Coefficients Table will be

padded with double precision DATA_TYPE zeroes so that

its total length is an integral multiple of RECORD_BYTES."

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "COEFFICIENT VALUE"

DATA_TYPE = PC_REAL

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 8

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "A coefficient Cij or

Sij or other solution parameter as specified in the

SHBDR Names Table."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = SHBDR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE

OBJECT = SHBDR_COVARIANCE_TABLE

ROWS = 3376101

COLUMNS = 1

ROW_BYTES = 8

INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = BINARY

DESCRIPTION = "The SHBDR Covariance Table

contains the covariances for the spherical harmonic model

coefficients and other solution parameters. The order of

the covariances in this table is defined as columnwise

vector storage of the upper triangular matrix formed by

the product of the SHBDR Names Table with its transpose.

For example, if the Names Table has four entries A, B,

C, and D, then the covariances are given by the column

vectors in the upper triangular matrix of

| A | [ A B C D ] = | AA AB AC AD |

| B | | BA BB BC BD |

| C | | CA CB CC CD |

| D | | DA DB DC DD |

That is, the covariance table will list (in this order)

AA, AB, BB, AC, BC, CC, AD, BD, CD, and DD.

The SHBDR Covariance Table will be padded with double

precision DATA_TYPE zeroes so that its total length is

an integral multiple of RECORD_BYTES."

OBJECT = COLUMN

NAME = "COVARIANCE VALUE"

DATA_TYPE = PC_REAL

START_BYTE = 1

BYTES = 8

UNIT = "N/A"

DESCRIPTION = "The covariance value

for the coefficients and other solution parameters

specified by the product of SHBDR_NAMES_TABLE with

its transpose, after omitting redundant terms."

END_OBJECT = COLUMN

END_OBJECT = SHBDR_COVARIANCE_TABLE

END

7.3.4.4 SPICE ephemeris files (SPK)

SPK files have labels similar to the following:

PDS_VERSION_ID = PDS3

RECORD_TYPE = UNDEFINED

RECORD_BYTES = 1024

INSTRUMENT_NAME = "LUNAR GRAVITY RANGING SYSTEM A"

INSTRUMENT_ID = "LGRS-A"

TARGET_NAME = "MOON"

DATA_SET_ID = "GRAIL-L-LGRS-5-RDR-V1.0"

MISSION_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY"

INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "GRAVITY RECOVERY AND INTERIOR LABORATORY A"

PRODUCT_ID = "GRALUGF2012_061_2012_062.SPK"

FILE_NAME = "GRALUGF2012_061_2012_062.SPK"

ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID = "GRA_LUGF2012_061_2012_061.BSP"

START_TIME = 2012-061T10:01:06

STOP_TIME = 2012-062T00:01:06

PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2012-242T20:27:11

OBSERVATION_TYPE = SCIENCE

PRODUCER_ID = "SDS"

NOTE = "Based on V02 data, gravity field 660c7b"

^DESCRIPTION = "SPK_MM_SIS.LBL"

END

8 Applicable Documents

Bolded documents can be found in the DOCUMENT directory of the archive volumes.

0172 Telecomm-090 Rev C: Multi-Mission TIS Packet Secondary, Turbo-era Data, 2010.
Acton, C., CK-MM-SIS, Multimission Software Interface Specification, SPICE C-Matrix Kernel, NAIF Document No. 370, 14 June 2000.
Acton, C., LSK-MM-SIS, Multimission Software Interface Specification, SPICE Leapseconds Kernel, NAIF Document No. 373, 25 May 2000.
Acton, C., SCLK-MM-SIS, Multimission Software Interface Specification, SPICE Spacecraft Clock Coefficients Kernel, NAIF Document No. 374, 28 Aug 2001.
Acton, C., SPK-MM-SIS, Multimission Software Interface Specification, SPICE Spacecraft and Planetary Ephemeris Kernel, NAIF Document No. 367, 25 May 2000.
Adams, Dana Flora, TRK-2-34 DSN Tracking System Data Archival Format, 2009. JPL D-16765.
Asmar, Sami, 2012. GRAIL Science Data Management Plan, JPL D-44349.
Clark, Tracy, 0161-Telecomm: Telemetry Standard Formatted Data Unit (SFDU) Interface, 2008. JPL D-16765.
Connally, M. J., 0159-Science Radio Science Receiver Standard Formatted Data Unit (SFDU), 2004. JPL D-16765.
Connally, M. J., TRK-2-24 DSN Tracking System Interfaces Weather Data Interface, 2006. JPL D-16765.
Fahnestock, E., R. Park, D-N Yuan, and A. Konopliv, Spacecraft Thermal and Optical Modeling Impacts on Estimation of the GRAIL Lunar Gravity Field, AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, 13-16 August 2012, Minneapolis, Minnesota. http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/pdf/10.2514/6.2012-4428.
Farrington, Allen H, BlackJack Data Link Protocol: Interface and Implementation Description. JPL D-20675.
Folkner, William M., The Planetary and Lunar Ephemeris DE 421, 2009. IPN Progress Report 42-178. http://ipnpr.jpl.nasa.gov/progress_report/42-178/178C.pdf.
GRAIL Telemetry Dictionary (CTD). JPL D-49059.
Harvey, Nate, Eugene Fahnestock, Daniel Kahan, Alexander Konopliv, Gerhard Kruizinga, Kamal Oudrhiri, Meegyeong Paik, Dah-Ning Yuan, Sami Asmar, and Mike Watkins, GRAIL Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document, 2012. JPL D-75862.
Kahan, Daniel, 2013. GRAIL Archive Volume Software Interface Specification.
Kruizinga, Gerhard L. H., and William I. Bertiger, 2013. Timing of Science Data for the GRAIL mission. JPL D-75620.
Kwok, Andrew, TRK-2-18, 1983. Tracking System Interfaces: Orbit Data File Interface. JPL D-16765.
Jester, P. L., Radio Science Digital Map (RSDMAP) Products Software Interface Specification, Version 4.2, September 13, 2013.
Levesque, M., 0171-Telecomm-NJPL: JPL created SFDU structures, 2003. JPL D-16765.
Liewer, K., TRK-2-21 DSN Tracking System Earth Orientation Parameter Data Interface, 1995.
Moyer, Theodore, Formulation for Observed and Computed Values of Deep Space Network Data Types for Navigation. Monograph 2, Deep Space Communications and Navigation Series, JPL, 2000. http://descanso.jpl.nasa.gov/Monograph/series2/Descanso2_all.pdf
Olds, R., 2009, LIB-10: ACS Hardware Coordinate Frame Definitions and Transformations, EM Number GRA-AC-09-0013.
Planetary Data System Archive Preparation Guide, April 1, 2010, Version 1.4, JPL D-31224.
Planetary Data System Standards Reference, February 27, 2009, Version 3.8, JPL D-7669, Part 2.
Roncoli, R. B., and K. K. Fujii, Mission Design Overview for the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) Mission, AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2010. http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/pdf/10.2514/6.2010-8383.
Runge, T., TRK-2-23 Media Calibration Interface, 2000. JPL D-16765.
Slavney, Susan, GRAIL Science Team and PDS Geosciences Node Interface Control Document (ICD), 2012.
Lemoine, F. G. and P. L. Jester, Spherical Harmonics ASCII Data Record (SHADR) Software Interface Specification, Version 2.1, May 22, 2013.
Lemoine, F. G. and D. S. Kahan, Spherical Harmonics Binary Data Record (SHBDR) Software Interface Specification, Version 2.3, September 11, 2013.
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Tapley, B. D., Bettadpur, S., Watkins, M., Reigber, C., The gravity recovery and climate experiment: Mission overview and early results, Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 31, No. 9, L09607, 10.1029/2004GL019920, 08 May 2004. Copyright 2004, American Geophysical Union. http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2004/2004GL019920.shtml
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Tracking Data Message: Recommended Standard, 2007. Published by CCSDS Secretariat, Space Communications and navigation Office, 7L70, Space Operations Mission Directorate, NASA Headquarters, Washington DC 20546-0001, USA.
Wilson, E., 0172-Telecomm-CHDO: DSN Created CHDO Structures, 2012. JPL D-16765.
Wu, Sien-Chong, Gerard Kruizinga, and Willy Bertiger, Algorithm Theoretical Basis for GRACE Level-1B Data Processing V1.2. GRACE 327-741, 2006, JPL D-27672. ftp://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/allData/grace/docs/ATBD_L1B_v1.2.pdf
Folkner, William M., James G. Williams, Dale H. Boggs, Ryan S. Park, and Petr Kuchynka, The Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides DE 430 and DE431, 2014. IPN Progress Report 42-196. http://ipnpr.jpl.nasa.gov/progress_report/42-196/196C.pdf.