<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' standalone='no'?>

<?xml-model href="https://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/pds/v1/PDS4_PDS_1M00.sch" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
<?xml-model href="https://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/msn/v1/PDS4_MSN_1M00_1303.sch" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?><?xml-model href="https://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/mission/mgn/v1/PDS4_MGN_1M00_1100.sch" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<Product_Observational
    xmlns="http://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/pds/v1"
    xmlns:mgn="http://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/mission/mgn/v1"
    xmlns:msn="http://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/msn/v1"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/pds/v1 https://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/pds/v1/PDS4_PDS_1M00.xsd
                        http://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/msn/v1 https://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/msn/v1/PDS4_MSN_1M00_1303.xsd
                        http://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/mission/mgn/v1 https://pds.nasa.gov/pds4/mission/mgn/v1/PDS4_MGN_1M00_1100.xsd">
  <Identification_Area>
    <logical_identifier>urn:nasa:pds:magellan_bsr_calibrated:spc:4156130b</logical_identifier>
    <version_id>1.0</version_id>
    <title>Magellan Bistatic Radar Calibrated: 4156130b.spc</title>
    <information_model_version>1.22.0.0</information_model_version>
    <product_class>Product_Observational</product_class>
    <Modification_History>
      <Modification_Detail>
        <modification_date>2025-01-27</modification_date>
        <version_id>1.0</version_id>
        <description>Product migrated to PDS4 from PDS3.</description>
      </Modification_Detail>
    </Modification_History>
  </Identification_Area>

  <Observation_Area>
    <Time_Coordinates>
      <start_date_time>1994-06-05T13:09:31Z</start_date_time>
      <stop_date_time>1994-06-05T13:41:31Z</stop_date_time>
    </Time_Coordinates>
    <Investigation_Area>
      <name>Magellan</name>
      <type>Mission</type>
      <Internal_Reference>
        <lid_reference>urn:nasa:pds:context:investigation:mission.magellan</lid_reference>
        <reference_type>data_to_investigation</reference_type>
        <comment>Alias: Venus Radar Mapper</comment>
      </Internal_Reference>
    </Investigation_Area>
    <Observing_System>
      <Observing_System_Component>
        <name>Magellan</name>
        <type>Host</type>
        <Internal_Reference>
          <lid_reference>urn:nasa:pds:context:instrument_host:spacecraft.mgn</lid_reference>
          <reference_type>is_instrument_host</reference_type>
        </Internal_Reference>
      </Observing_System_Component>
      <Observing_System_Component>
        <name>Radio Science Subsystem</name>
        <type>Instrument</type>
        <Internal_Reference>
          <lid_reference>urn:nasa:pds:context:instrument:mgn.rss</lid_reference>
          <reference_type>is_instrument</reference_type>
        </Internal_Reference>
      </Observing_System_Component>
    </Observing_System>
    <Target_Identification>
      <name>Venus</name>
      <type>Planet</type>
      <Internal_Reference>
        <lid_reference>urn:nasa:pds:context:target:planet.venus</lid_reference>
        <reference_type>data_to_target</reference_type>
      </Internal_Reference>
    </Target_Identification>
    <Mission_Area>
      <mgn:Magellan_Parameters>
        <mgn:product_type>BSR</mgn:product_type>
        <mgn:dsn_station_number>63</mgn:dsn_station_number>
        <mgn:organization_id>SUE</mgn:organization_id>
      </mgn:Magellan_Parameters>
    </Mission_Area>
    <Discipline_Area>
      <msn:Mission_Information>
        <msn:product_type_name>SPC</msn:product_type_name>
      </msn:Mission_Information>
    </Discipline_Area>
  </Observation_Area>

  <File_Area_Observational>
    <File>
      <file_name>4156130b.spc</file_name>
      <creation_date_time>2008-03-26T22:11:00</creation_date_time>
      <comment>
        This file contains calibrated echo spectra from MAGELLAN (MGN)
         bistatic radar experiments, collected using antennas and 'open loop'
         receivers at stations of the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN). The
         processing was carried out at Stanford University.
        
         These data have been processed so that the surface echo is
         approximately centered in the frequency window.
        
         The file consists of two ASCII tables. A header table identifies
         source data from which the file was constructed. The data table
         includes the actual spectra.
      </comment>
    </File>
    <Table_Character>
      <name>HEADER_TABLE</name>
      <offset unit="byte">0</offset>
      <records>8</records>
      <description>
        This table identifies source files used in construction of the data
         table, which follows. There is one row for each receiver channel;
         each row contains the name of three files:
         the input PRP file with time samples
         the noise spectrum used to equalize (flatten) the spectrum)
         the gain table used to calibrate the amplitude of the sample values
         If either the noise spectrum or the gain file is 'N/A', users should
         consider the corresponding spectra not to be fully calibrated.
         Each row in the table ends with an ASCII carriage-return line-feed pair
         in positions 143 and 144.
      </description>
      <record_delimiter>Carriage-Return Line-Feed</record_delimiter>
      <Record_Character>
        <fields>4</fields>
        <groups>0</groups>
        <record_length unit="byte">144</record_length>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>CHANNEL</name>
          <field_number>1</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">2</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_String</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">2</field_length>
          <description>
            The PRP channel, given as the band and
             polarization. Possible values are:
             XR
             SR
             XL
             SL
             The order of the rows is not important;
             but all four must be included.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>PRP FILE NAME</name>
          <field_number>2</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">11</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_String</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <description>
            Name of the PRP file providing time series
             input to the power spectrum analysis. If
             none, set to 'N/A'.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>EQUALIZATION FILE NAME</name>
          <field_number>3</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">46</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_String</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <description>
            Name of the file used to equalize (or
             flatten) the PRP spectrum during the
             bistatic radar experiment.
             If none, set to 'N/A'.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>GAIN FILE NAME</name>
          <field_number>4</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">81</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_String</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <description>
            Name of the file used to set the calibrated
             amplitude of the PRP samples during the
             bistatic radar experiment.
             If none, set to N/A.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
      </Record_Character>
    </Table_Character>
    <Table_Character>
      <name>DATA_TABLE</name>
      <offset unit="byte">1152</offset>
      <records>196608</records>
      <description>
        This table contains averaged calibrated echo spectra from a MAGELLAN
         (MGN) bistatic radar experiment, collected using antennas and
         'open loop' receivers at stations of the NASA Deep Space Network
         (DSN). The processing was carried out at Stanford University.
        
         Open loop receivers sample a spectral window (typically 25 kHz in
         this case) centered on the expected MGN frequency. The samples x(t)
         can later be calibrated against known standards for absolute amplitude
         and Fourier transformed to voltage spectra X(f). Power spectra can be
         computed for single channels X(f)*conj[X(f)]; cross spectra can be
         computed when a coherent second channel y(t) with orthogonal circular
         polarization is available X(f)*conj[Y(f)].
        
         This table contains power spectra from X-band right- and left-circular
         polarization (X-RCP and X-LCP, respectively) and from S-band right- and
         left-circular polarization (S-RCP and S-LCP, respectively). It also
         contains (complex) cross-spectra from X-band and S-band. In cases where
         data from one or more channels are not available, the respective entries
         in the table are filled with zeroes. Values are given in units of
         zeptowatts (10^-21 watts).
      </description>
      <record_delimiter>Carriage-Return Line-Feed</record_delimiter>
      <Record_Character>
        <fields>12</fields>
        <groups>0</groups>
        <record_length unit="byte">144</record_length>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>SPECTRUM NUMBER</name>
          <field_number>1</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">1</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Integer</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">6</field_length>
          <description>Sequence number for the set of spectra, starting from 1.</description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>CENTER TIME</name>
          <field_number>2</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">8</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">13</field_length>
          <unit>second</unit>
          <description>
            Center time of the interval over which the average
             spectra were computed, in seconds from midnight.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>BIN NUMBER</name>
          <field_number>3</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">22</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Integer</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">6</field_length>
          <description>
            The number of the frequency bin within a spectrum,
             starting from 1 at the lowest frequency bin.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>FREQUENCY</name>
          <field_number>4</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">29</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">10</field_length>
          <unit>hertz</unit>
          <description>
            The frequency corresponding to BIN NUMBER. The
             reference frequency is not specified. The default is
             to set FREQUENCY = 0. at BIN NUMBER = 1. If not, the
             user should assume that FREQUENCY = 0. was chosen to
             be the frequency of the carrier signal reaching
             Earth via a spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>X-RCP POWER</name>
          <field_number>5</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">40</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <unit>zeptowatt</unit>
          <description>
            The average power in the X-RCP receiver channel at
             CENTER TIME and in BIN NUMBER, including surface echo,
             radio thermal noise, and (possibly) the directly
             propagating carrier signal reaching Earth via a
             spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>X-LCP POWER</name>
          <field_number>6</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">53</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <unit>zeptowatt</unit>
          <description>
            The average power in the X-LCP receiver channel at
             CENTER TIME and in BIN NUMBER, including surface echo,
             radio thermal noise, and (possibly) the directly
             propagating carrier signal reaching Earth via a
             spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>S-RCP POWER</name>
          <field_number>7</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">66</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <unit>zeptowatt</unit>
          <description>
            The average power in the S-RCP receiver channel at
             CENTER TIME and in BIN NUMBER, including surface echo,
             radio thermal noise, and (possibly) the directly
             propagating carrier signal reaching Earth via a
             spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>S-LCP POWER SPECTRUM</name>
          <field_number>8</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">79</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <unit>zeptowatt</unit>
          <description>
            The average power in the S-LCP receiver channel at
             CENTER TIME and in BIN NUMBER, including surface echo,
             radio thermal noise, and (possibly) the directly
             propagating carrier signal reaching Earth via a
             spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>X-BAND CROSS SPECTRUM - MAGNITUDE</name>
          <field_number>9</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">92</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <unit>zeptowatt</unit>
          <description>
            Magnitude of the averaged XR*conj[XL] spectrum
             at CENTER TIME in BIN NUMBER, including surface
             echo, radio thermal noise, and (possibly) the
             directly propagating carrier signal reaching Earth
             via a spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>X-BAND CROSS SPECTRUM - PHASE</name>
          <field_number>10</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">105</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <unit>radian</unit>
          <description>
            Phase of the averaged XR*conj[XL] spectrum
             at CENTER TIME in BIN NUMBER, including surface
             echo, radio thermal noise, and (possibly) the
             directly propagating carrier signal reaching Earth
             via a spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>S-BAND CROSS SPECTRUM - MAGNITUDE</name>
          <field_number>11</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">118</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <unit>zeptowatt</unit>
          <description>
            Magnitude of the averaged SR*conj[SL] spectrum
             at CENTER TIME in BIN NUMBER, including surface
             echo, radio thermal noise, and (possibly) the
             directly propagating carrier signal reaching Earth
             via a spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
        <Field_Character>
          <name>S-BAND CROSS SPECTRUM - PHASE</name>
          <field_number>12</field_number>
          <field_location unit="byte">131</field_location>
          <data_type>ASCII_Real</data_type>
          <field_length unit="byte">12</field_length>
          <unit>radian</unit>
          <description>
            Phase of the averaged SR*conj[SL] spectrum
             at CENTER TIME in BIN NUMBER, including surface
             echo, radio thermal noise, and (possibly) the
             directly propagating carrier signal reaching Earth
             via a spacecraft antenna sidelobe.
          </description>
        </Field_Character>
      </Record_Character>
    </Table_Character>
  </File_Area_Observational>

  <File_Area_Observational_Supplemental>
    <File>
      <file_name>4156130b.lbl</file_name>
    </File>
    <Stream_Text>
      <offset unit="byte">0</offset>
      <parsing_standard_id>PDS3</parsing_standard_id>
      <description>Original PDS3 label</description>
      <record_delimiter>Carriage-Return Line-Feed</record_delimiter>
    </Stream_Text>
  </File_Area_Observational_Supplemental>
</Product_Observational>