PDS_VERSION_ID = "PDS3" RECORD_TYPE = FIXED_LENGTH RECORD_BYTES = 122 FILE_RECORDS = 4655 ^SHADR_HEADER_TABLE = ("GGMRO_095A_SHA.TAB",1) ^SHADR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE = ("GGMRO_095A_SHA.TAB",3) INSTRUMENT_HOST_NAME = "MARS RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER" TARGET_NAME = "MARS" INSTRUMENT_NAME = "RADIO SCIENCE SUBSYSTEM" DATA_SET_ID = "MRO-M-RSS-5-SDP-V1.0" OBSERVATION_TYPE = "GRAVITY FIELD" ORIGINAL_PRODUCT_ID = "MRO95A" PRODUCT_ID = "GGMRO_095A_SHA.TAB" PRODUCT_RELEASE_DATE = 2009-08-21 DESCRIPTION = " The MROMGM0032 gravity was derived at GSFC from MRO, MGS, and Mars Odyssey tracking data by Frank Lemoine and Erwan Mazarico, at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The MROMGM0032 model is a solution for the Mars gravity field to degree and order 95 in spherical harmonics. The model includes data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter from near entry into the mapping orbit (August 30 2006 through August 1 2008); data from Mars Global Surveyor from both the Science Phasing Orbit (SPO) and Mapping; and data from Mars Odyssey. For MGS, all the available SPO data are included from March 27 1998 to September 15, 1998; For MGS/Mapping data are included from February 1999 through the end of 2004. The Mars Odyssey data were processed by Erwan Mazarico (NASA GSFC NPP/ORAU) and included data through 2007. The reference system for this solution is described by Konopliv et al. (2006). Note that it is *NOT* the IAU system for Mars. The reference radius for this model is 3396.0 km. In addition, the GM and Mars k2 Love Number were adjusted with this solution: The new values from mromgm0032 are: GM (mromgm0032) = 0.4282837519531499E+14 m**3/s**2 sigma GM = 0.238E+04 m**3/s**2 K2 (mromgm0032) = 0.16695; Sigma K2 = 0.642E-02 The uncertainties for K2 and GM are formal values and should be scaled up by a factor of 3-4 in order to be more realistic. The arclengths for the data were: 1 day for Mars Odyssey; 3-6 days for Mars Global Surveyor, and 1-3 days for Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. The Odyssey and MRO arcs explicitly avoid AMD (Angular Momentum desaturation) maneuvers by truncating the arcs before the maneuvers. For MGS, the maneuvers are modelled at the times given in the files supplied to the MGS Radio Science Team, and accelerations are estimated over the duration of the AMD events. For MRO, the (small forces files) are retrieved from NAIF, however they are used only to indicate when the arcs should be truncated. The processing for MGS, Odyssey and MRO excluded data in the vicinity of solar conjunction - generally for a minimum of a few weeks close to superior conjunction. The data used consist of X Band 2-way and 3-way Doppler for all three spacecraft; compressed to 10 seconds for Odyssey and MGS, and sampled at 1 Hz for MRO. Some range data are present, but these data do not have a large influence on the solution. MGS starting in 2000 had a lot of 1-way tracking via the Radio Science USO. These 1-way data are of high quality, and aside from the necessity to solve for frequency bias with the DSN on a routine basis, the RMS of fit is very similiar to the 2-way data. The MRO ODF's (orbit data files) also included 1-way data, and we have also included these observations, albeit downweighted by a factor of two with respect to the standard 2 & 3-way Doppler. The nonconservative force modelling applied satellite-specific macromodels for all three satellites. The attitude of the spacecraft was defined using external attitude data, where the articulation of the solar arrays and the high gain antennae were accounted for. This source for this external attitude attitude information was the MGS and MRO projects and NAIF in the form of c-kernal files. Of course the motion and offset of the high gain antenna are accounted for in the measurement model for all three satellites. The a priori gravity models for this processing were predecessor models that included MGS and MRO and Odyssey data: mromgm0020g for MGS & MRO; mromgm0026 for Odyssey. All these models were to 95x95 in spherical harmonics. The forward modelling including the Mars K2 Love Number of 0.1764, the third body perturbations of Phobos and Deimos whose GM's were set to 120000.0 m**3/S**2 for Deimos and 714492.0 m**3/s**2 for Phobos. The Jacobson (JPL/NAIF, Personal Communcation) set of Mars lunar ephemerides were applied. The time variations of the C20 and C30 harmonics were forward modelled. The values were derived from Lemoine (2006). The periodic terms were not readjusted in this solution. The time variations were modelled with the relation A coswt + B sin wt, where t is defined as days elapsed since Janary 01, 2000 00:00 UT. C20 Annual: : (A,B) = (6.218466D-11-4.317147D-10) C20 Semiannual: (A,B) = (1.530869D-09 1.104765D-09) C30 Annual: : (A,B) = (2.233298D-09 1.946259D-09) C30 Semiannual : (A,B) = (4.087752D-10 3.111002D-10) A kaula constraint was applied to obtain a solution, but the Kaula constraint was imposed only after degree 50. Analysis of the degree variances and the anomaly maps indicates this model can be used for geophysical interpretation through degree 80 with confidance. The full listing of the matrices included in the solution are as follows: MARS RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER Matrix Name Nobs Description MATRIX 1: MRO0609 968988 | mro 060830 to 060923 MATRIX 2: MRO0611 522507 | mro 061112 to 061201 MATRIX 3: MRO0612 876748 | mro 061201 to 070101 MATRIX 4: MRO0701 981128 | mro 070101 to 070131 MATRIX 5: MRO0702 877235 | mro 070131 to 070228 MATRIX 6: MRO0703 904673 | mro 070228 to 070331 MATRIX 7: MRO0704 1299371 | mro 070331 to 070430 MATRIX 8: MRO0705 1145929 | mro 070430 to 070530 MATRIX 9: MRO0706 1133003 | mro 070531 to 070629 MATRIX 10: M070629 1221716 | mro 070629 to 070731 MATRIX 11: M070731 1332132 | mro 070731 to 070901 MATRIX 12: M070901 1170872 | mro 070901 to 071001 MATRIX 13: M071001 1174808 | mro 071001 to 071031 MATRIX 14: M071101 960448 | mro 071101 to 071130 MATRIX 15: M071201 1367984 | mro 071201 to 071230 MATRIX 16: M071231 1571494 | mro 071231 to 080201 MATRIX 17: M080201 1745185 | mro 080201 to 080301 MATRIX 18: M080302 1856335 | mro 080302 to 080401 MATRIX 19: M080401 1665689 | mro 080401 to 080501 MATRIX 20: M080501 1842255 | mro 080501 to 080602 MATRIX 21: M080602 1901659 | mro 080602 to 080702 MATRIX 22: M080702 1702378 | mro 080702 to 080801 ODYSSSEY - Transition Orbits Matrix Name Nobs Description MATRIX 23: ODYCMT 154928 | ody MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR (SPO and MAPPING) Matrix Name Nobs Description MATRIX 24: MGS098 109446 | mgs SPO 980327 - 980621 MATRIX 25: MGS098 70958 | mgs SPO 980707 - 980915 MATRIX 26: MGSCMT 757504 | mgs mapping 1999 MATRIX 27: MGSCMT 1056129 | mgs mapping 2001 MATRIX 28: MGSCMT 802059 | mgs mapping 2002 MATRIX 29: MGSCMT 903499 | mgs mapping 2003 MATRIX 30: MGSCMT 1199889 | mgs mapping 2004 ODYSSEY - (MAPPING) Matrix Name Nobs Description MATRIX 31: ODYCMT 415217 | ody 2002 MATRIX 32: ODYCMT 801417 | ody 2003 MATRIX 33: ODYCMT 1093351 | ody 2004 MATRIX 34: ODYCMT 824898 | ody 2005 MATRIX 35: ODYCMT 917836 | ody 2006 MATRIX 36: ODYCMT 263717 | ody 2007 References ---------- The reference for this solution should be: Lemoine, F. G., Mazarico, E., Neumann, G., and D. Chinn New Solutions for the Mars Static and Temporal Gravity Field using the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Eos Trans. AGU, 89(53), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract P41B-1376, 2008. The other pertinent references are: Mars Reference System: ---------------------- A.S. Konopliv, C. F. Yoder, E. M. Standish, D.-N. Yuan, W. L. Sjogren, A global solution for the Mars static and seasonal gravity, Mars orientation, Phobos and Deimos masses, and Mars ephemeris, Icarus, 182, pp. 23-50, 2006. Details about Mars Global Surveyor Data Processing at GSFC ---------------------------------------------------------- F. G. Lemoine, J.M. Forbes, S. Bruisma, D. Chinn, Thermospheric Studies with Mars Global Surveyor, AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference, August 21-24, 2006, Keystone, Colorado, AIAA Paper 2006-6395 " START_TIME = 1998-03-27T08:00:00.000 STOP_TIME = 2008-09-01T00:00:00.000 PRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2009-08-05T02:30:00.000 PRODUCER_FULL_NAME = "FRANK G. LEMOINE" PRODUCER_INSTITUTION_NAME = "NASA GODDARD SPACEFLIGHT CENTER" PRODUCT_VERSION_TYPE = "FINAL" PRODUCER_ID = "MRO GST" SOFTWARE_NAME = "SOLVE 200502.03" OBJECT = SHADR_HEADER_TABLE ROWS = 1 COLUMNS = 8 ROW_BYTES = 137 ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 107 INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII DESCRIPTION = "The SHADR header includes descriptive information about the spherical harmonic coefficients which follow in SHADR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE. The header consists of a single record of eight (delimited) data columns requiring 137 bytes, a pad of 105 unspecified ASCII characters, an ASCII carriage-return, and an ASCII line-feed." OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "REFERENCE RADIUS" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 1 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "KILOMETER" DESCRIPTION = "The assumed reference radius of the spherical planet." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "CONSTANT" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 25 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "For a gravity field model the assumed gravitational constant GM in kilometers cubed per seconds squared for the planet. For a topography model, set to 1." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "UNCERTAINTY IN CONSTANT" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 49 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "For a gravity field model the uncertainty in the gravitational constant GM in kilometers cubed per seconds squared for the planet. For a topography model, set to 0." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "DEGREE OF FIELD" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 73 BYTES = 5 FORMAT = "I5" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The degree of model field." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "ORDER OF FIELD" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 79 BYTES = 5 FORMAT = "I5" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The order of the model field." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "NORMALIZATION STATE" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 85 BYTES = 5 FORMAT = "I5" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The normalization indicator. For gravity field: 0 coefficients are unnormalized 1 coefficients are normalized 2 other." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "REFERENCE LONGITUDE" POSITIVE_LONGITUDE_DIRECTION = "EAST" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 91 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "The reference longitude for the spherical harmonic expansion; normally 0." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "REFERENCE LATITUDE" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 115 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "DEGREE" DESCRIPTION = "The reference latitude for the spherical harmonic expansion; normally 0." END_OBJECT = COLUMN END_OBJECT = SHADR_HEADER_TABLE OBJECT = SHADR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE ROWS = 4653 COLUMNS = 6 ROW_BYTES = 107 ROW_SUFFIX_BYTES = 15 INTERCHANGE_FORMAT = ASCII DESCRIPTION = "The SHADR coefficients table contains the coefficients for the spherical harmonic model. Each row in the table contains the degree index m, the order index n, the coefficients Cmn and Smn, and the uncertainties in Cmn and Smn. The (delimited) data require 107 ASCII characters; these are followed by a pad of 13 unspecified ASCII characters, an ASCII carriage- return, and an ASCII line-feed." OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "COEFFICIENT DEGREE" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 1 BYTES = 5 FORMAT = "I5" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The degree index m of the C and S coefficients in this record." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "COEFFICIENT ORDER" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_INTEGER START_BYTE = 7 BYTES = 5 FORMAT = "I5" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The order index n of the C and S coefficients in this record." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "C" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 13 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The coefficient Cmn for this spherical harmonic model." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "S" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 37 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The coefficient Smn for this spherical harmonic model." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "C UNCERTAINTY" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 61 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The uncertainty in the coefficient Cmn for this spherical harmonic model." END_OBJECT = COLUMN OBJECT = COLUMN NAME = "S UNCERTAINTY" DATA_TYPE = ASCII_REAL START_BYTE = 85 BYTES = 23 FORMAT = "E23.16" UNIT = "N/A" DESCRIPTION = "The uncertainty in the coefficient Smn for this spherical harmonic model." END_OBJECT = COLUMN END_OBJECT = SHADR_COEFFICIENTS_TABLE END