urn:nasa:pds:radiosci.documentation:document:armstrong.2016
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Low-Frequency Gravitational Wave Searches Using Spacecraft Doppler Tracking
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Armstrong, J. W.
2016
Adapted from the abstract of the published article.
This paper discusses spacecraft Doppler tracking, the
current-generation detector technology used in the low-frequency
(∼millihertz) gravitational wave band. In the Doppler method
the Earth and a distant spacecraft act as free test masses with
a ground-based precision Doppler tracking system continuously
monitoring the Earth-spacecraft relative dimensionless velocity
2(delta-v)/c = (delta-f)/f0, where delta-f is the Doppler
shift and f0 is the radio link carrier frequency. A gravitational
wave having strain amplitude h incident on the Earth-spacecraft
system causes perturbations of order h in the time series of
(delta-f)/f0. Unlike other detectors, the approximately 1-10 AU
Earth-spacecraft separation makes the detector large compared with
millihertz-band gravitational wavelengths, and thus times-of-flight
of signals and radio waves through the apparatus are important.
A burst signal, for example, is time-resolved into a characteristic
signature: three discrete events in the Doppler time series.
The author discusses the principles of operation of this detector
(emphasizing transfer functions of gravitational wave signals and
the principal noises to the Doppler time series), some data
analysis techniques, experiments to date, and illustrations of
sensitivity and current detector performance. He concludes with a
discussion of how gravitational wave sensitivity can be improved
in the low-frequency band.
2021-08-25
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Corrected label formatting in author_list.
2021-04-29
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Corrected label formatting in author_list.
2020-04-29
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Added to PDS Radio Science Documentation bundle in 2020.
Converted to PDF/A-1b using Adobe Acrobat Reader DC.
Low-Frequency Gravitational Wave Searches Using Spacecraft Doppler Tracking
10.12942/lrr-2006-1
Copyright by the author.
Living Reviews in Relativity is a peer-reviewed open access journal
published by the Springer International Publishing AG, Gewerbestrasse 11,
6330 Cham, Switzerland. ISSN 1433-8351.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source,
provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Figures that have been previously published elsewhere may not be reproduced without
consent of the original copyright holders.
2016-01-11
Originally published in Living Reviews in Relativity, 9 (2006), 1
on 2006-01-24. Revised in 2016.
First
English
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