810-005, Rev. E
DSMS Telecommunications Link
Design Handbook

101
70-m Subnet
Telecommunications Interfaces
Effective November 30, 2000

Document Owner:              Approved by:

-----------------------      -----------------------
S.D. Slobin      Date        A.J. Freiley      Date
Antenna System Engineer      Antenna Product Domain Service
                             System Development Engineer

Released by:
[Signature on file in TMOD Library]
----------------------------------
TMOD Document Release Date


Change Log
Rev           Issue Date               Affected Paragraphs       Change Summary
Initial       1/15/2001                All                       All


Note to Readers
There are two sets of document histories in the 810-005 document, and these
histories are reflected in the header at the top of the page. First, the entire document is
periodically released as a revision when major changes affect a majority of the modules. For
example, this module is part of 810-005, Revision E. Second, the individual modules also
change, starting as an initial issue that has no revision letter. When a module is changed, a
change letter is appended to the module number on the second line of the header and a summary
of the changes is entered in the module's change log.

This module supersedes TCI-10 in 810-005, Rev. D.


Contents
Paragraph                                                                                             Page
1 Introduction........................................................................................... 4
1.1 Purpose.............................................................................................. 4
1.2 Scope ............................................................................................... 5
2 General Information ................................................................................... 5
2.1 Telecommunications Parameters........................................................................ 6
2.1.1 Antenna Gain Variation ............................................................................ 6
2.1.1.1 Frequency Effects ............................................................................... 6
2.1.1.2 Elevation Angle Effects ......................................................................... 6
2.1.1.3 Wind Loading .................................................................................... 7
2.1.2 System Noise Temperature Variation ................................................................ 7
2.1.3 Pointing Accuracy.................................................................................. 8
2.2 Recommended Minimum Operating Carrier Signal Levels.................................................. 8
3 Proposed Capabilities.................................................................................. 8
3.1 70-m X-Band Uplink Implementation ................................................................... 8
Appendix A, Equations for Modeling ..................................................................... 36
A.1 Equations for Gain Versus Elevation Angle .......................................................... 36
A.2 Equations for System Temperature Versus Elevation Angle............................................. 37
A.3 Equation for Gain Reduction Versus Pointing Error .................................................. 38

Illustrations
Figure                                                                                                 Page
1. Functional Block Diagram of DSS 14 and DSS 43 Microwave and Transmitter Equipment.................... 26
2. Functional Block Diagram of DSS 63 Microwave and Transmitter Equipment .............................. 27
3. S-Band Receive Gain Versus Elevation Angle, All Stations ............................................ 28
4. Predicted X-Band Receive Gain Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 14 Antenna, 
   X-Only Configuration (S/X Dichroic Retracted) ....................................................... 28
5. Predicted X-Band Receive Gain Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 43 Antenna,
   X-Only Configuration (S/X Dichroic Retracted) ....................................................... 29
6. X-Band Receive Gain Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 63 Antenna .......................................... 29
7. L-Band System Noise Temperature, All Stations ....................................................... 30
8. S-Band System Noise Temperature Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 14, LNA-1,
   Non-diplexed ........................................................................................ 30
9. Eastern Horizon S-Band System Noise Temperature at 6 deg Elevation Angle ............................ 31
10. Western Horizon S-Band System Noise Temperature at 6 deg Elevation Angle ........................... 31
11. Predicted X-Band System Noise Temperature Versus Elevation Angle,
   DSS 14, X-Only Configuration (S/X Dichroic Retracted)................................................ 32
12. Predicted X-Band System Noise Temperature Versus Elevation Angle,
   DSS 43, X-Only Configuration (S/X Dichroic Retracted)................................................ 32
13. X-Band System Noise Temperature Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 63 ..................................... 33
14. L-Band and S-Band Pointing Loss Versus Pointing Error............................................... 33
15. X-Band Pointing Loss Versus Pointing Error ......................................................... 34

Tables
Table                                                                                                  Page
1. S- and X-Band Transmit Characteristics................................................................ 9
2. L-, S-, and X-Band Receive Characteristics .......................................................... 14
3. Gain Reduction Due to Wind Loading, 70-m Antenna..................................................... 17
4. System Noise Temperature Contributions due to 25% Weather............................................ 18
5. DSS 14 Eastern Horizon S-Band Top (K) with SPD Cone ................................................. 19
6. DSS 14 Western Horizon S-Band Top (K) with SPD Cone.................................................. 20
7. DSS 43 Eastern Horizon S-Band Top (K) with Ultracone ................................................ 21
8. DSS 43 Western Horizon S-Band Top (K) with Ultracone................................................. 22
9. DSS 63 Eastern Horizon S-Band Top (K) with SPD Cone ................................................. 23
10. DSS 63 Western Horizon S-Band Top (K) with SPD Cone................................................. 24
11. Recommended Minimum Operating Carrier Signal Levels (dBm) .......................................... 25
A-1. Vacuum Component of Gain Parameters................................................................ 38
A-2. Zenith Atmosphere Attenuation Above Vacuum (AZEN).................................................. 39
A-3. Vacuum Component of System Noise Temperature Parameters ........................................... 39


1 Introduction

1.1 Purpose
This module provides the performance parameters for the Deep Space Network
(DSN) 70-meter antennas that are necessary to perform the nominal design of a
telecommunications link. It also summarizes the capabilities of these antennas for mission
planning purposes and for comparison with other ground station antennas.

1.2 Scope
The scope of this module is limited to providing those parameters that
characterize the RF performance of the 70-meter antennas. The parameters do not include
effects of weather, such as reduction of system gain and increase in system noise temperature,
that are common to all antenna types. These are discussed in module 105, Atmospheric and
Environmental Effects. This module also does not discuss mechanical restrictions on antenna
performance that are covered in module 302, Antenna Positioning.


2 General Information

The DSN 70-m Antenna Subnet contains three 70-meter diameter antennas. One
antenna (Deep Space Station [DSS] 14) is located at Goldstone, California; one (DSS 43) is near
Canberra, Australia; and one (DSS 63) is near Madrid, Spain. The precise station locations are
shown in Module 301, Coverage and Geometry. All antennas support L-, S-, and X-band
reception and S-band transmission. In addition, DSS 14 and DSS 43 have an X-band
transmission capability.
Figure 1 is a block diagram of the S-band and X-band microwave and transmitter
equipment at DSS 14 and DSS 43 that is common to the two stations. The diagram does not
show the S-band Ultracone that has been installed at DSS 43 in support of the Galileo S-band
mission. A block diagram of the S-band and X-band microwave and transmitter equipment at
DSS 63 is shown in Figure 2.
All three stations include the S-band, Polarized, Diplex feedcone (the SPD cone)
that contains the feed, the primary low-noise amplifier (LNA) and its support equipment, the
diplexer, and the required switches and other waveguide. The backup LNA and S-band
transmitters are located in an area beneath the feedcones. Two S-band transmitters are provided
for spacecraft communication: a 20-kW S-band transmitter for normal spacecraft communication
and a 400-kW transmitter for emergency commanding. The Goldstone site also has a radar
transmitter that operates near the normal receive frequency band. The feed employs an
orthomode junction that permits simultaneous right-circular polarization (RCP) and left-circular
polarization (LCP) to be used. The polarizer may be switched so that either polarization may be
directed to the non-diplexed path with the opposite polarization appearing on the diplexed path.
The non-diplexed path (orthomode upper arm) is used for listen-only reception or if the
spacecraft transmits and receives on opposite polarizations. If the spacecraft receives and
transmits simultaneously with the same polarization, the diplexed path must be used, and the
noise temperature is higher.
DSS 14 and DSS 43 employ the X-band Transmit-Receive feedcone (the XTR
cone). The XTR cone employs a unique feed design that includes a diplexing junction to inject
the transmitted signal directly into the feed. This eliminates the need for a waveguide diplexer
and a common path for the received and transmitted signals. As a result, much of the received
path can be cryogenically cooled with a significant reduction in operating system temperature.
The S/X dichroic plate can also be retracted when S-band is not required for a further
improvement in X-band performance. The XTR feed includes a fixed circular polarizer, an
orthomode junction, and two identical high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) low-noise
amplifiers. A separate polarizer is provided for the transmitter so that the transmitted signal can
be of either polarization
DSS 63 employs the older X-band receive only feedcone (the XRO cone). The
XRO cone includes a switchable polarizer, an orthomode junction, and two maser low-noise
amplifiers with their support equipment.
The S- and X-band feeds are provided with phase calibration couplers and comb
generators so the stations can be used for very-long baseline interferometry reception in addition
to spacecraft tracking.

2.1 Telecommunications Parameters
The significant parameters of the 70-meter antennas that influence
telecommunications link design are listed in Tables 1 and 2. Variations in these parameters that
are inherent in the design of the antennas are discussed below. Other factors that degrade link
performance are discussed in modules 105 (Atmospheric and Environmental Effects) and 106
(Solar Corona and Wind Effects).

2.1.1 Antenna Gain Variation
The antenna gains in Tables 1 and 2 do not include the effect of atmospheric
attenuation and should be regarded as vacuum gain at the specified reference point.

2.1.1.1 Frequency Effects
Antenna gains are specified at the indicated frequency (f0). For operation at higher
frequencies in the same band, the gain (dBi) must be increased by 20 log (f/f0). For operation at
lower frequencies in the same band, the gain must be reduced by 20 log (f/f0).

2.1.1.2 Elevation Angle Effects
Structural deformation causes a reduction in gain when the antenna operates at an
elevation angle other than the angle where the reflector panels were aligned. The net gain of the
antenna is also reduced by atmospheric attenuation, which is a function of elevation angle and
weather condition. These effects are illustrated in Figures 3 through 6, which show the estimated
gain versus elevation angle for the hypothetical vacuum condition (structural deformation only)
and with 0%, 50%, and 90% weather conditions, designated as CD (cumulative distribution) =
0.00, 0.50, and 0.90. A CD of 0.00 (0%) means the minimum weather effect (exceeded 100% of
the time). A CD of 90.0 (90%) means that effect which is exceeded only 10% of the time.
Qualitatively, a CD of 0.00 corresponds to the driest condition of the atmosphere; a CD of 0.50
corresponds to humid or very light clouds; and 0.90 corresponds to very cloudy, but with no rain.
A CD of 0.25 corresponds to average clear weather and is often used when comparing gains of
different antennas. Comprehensive S-band and X-band weather effects models (for weather
conditions up to 99% cumulative distribution) are provided in module 105 for detailed design
control use.
Figure 3 depicts the S-band (2295 MHz) net gains for all stations as a function of
elevation angle and weather condition, including the vacuum condition. Net gain means
vacuum-condition gain as reduced by atmosphere attenuation. DSS 43 gain is considered to be
identical, using both the SPD cone and the ultracone. The L-band gain curve shapes should be
considered identical to the S-band curve shapes, except that they are reduced in value by the
difference shown in Table 2. Figures 4 and 5 present the predicted X-band (8420 MHz) net
gains of the DSS 14 and DSS 43 antennas as a function of elevation angle and weather condition,
including the vacuum condition using the XTR feedcone with the S/X dichroic plate retracted.
The gains of the DSS 63 antenna, using the XRO feedcone, are shown for the same conditions in
Figure 6. The equations and parameters of these curves are given in Appendix A. The models
use a flat-Earth, horizontally stratified atmosphere approximation.

2.1.1.3 Wind Loading
The gain reductions at S- and X-band due to wind loading are listed in Table 3.
The tabular data are for structural deformation only and presume that the antenna is maintained
on-point by conical scan (CONSCAN, discussed in module 302) or an equivalent process. In
addition to structural deformation, wind introduces a pointing error that is related to the antenna
elevation angle, the angle between the antenna and the wind, and the wind speed. Cumulative
probability distributions of wind velocity at Goldstone are given in module 105.

2.1.2 System Noise Temperature Variation
The operating system temperature (Top) varies as a function of elevation angle due
to changes in the path length through the atmosphere and ground noise received by the sidelobe
pattern of the antenna. Figures 7 through 12 show the combined effects of these factors at L-, S-,
and X-bands in a hypothetical vacuum (no atmosphere) condition for selected antenna
configurations and with the three weather conditions described above. The equations and
parameters for these curves are provided in Appendix A of this module. The models use a flat-
Earth, horizontally stratified atmosphere approximation.
At S-band (2295 MHz), the clear-sky zenith noise temperatures of each antenna
are different; however, their elevation-related effects are considered to be similar. Figure 8
shows S-band noise-temperature curves for DSS 14, LNA-1, non-diplexed. Curves for other
antennas and configurations can be calculated by using the noise temperature values or
differences shown in Table 2. The L-band system temperature curve (Figure 7) is modeled from
the S-band curve so that at zenith the 25%-weather system temperature is 35 K. The X-band
(8420 MHz) system temperature curves for three stations are shown in Figures 11 through 13.
The figures for DSS 14 and DSS 43 using the XTR feedcone are estimates for X-band only
configuration (S/X dichroic plate retracted) based on pre-installation tests. The figure for DSS
63 is for S/X configuration using the XRO feedcone and is derived from measured data and the
weather model in module 105.
The system noise temperature values in Table 2 include a contribution due to 25%
weather that must be subtracted for comparison with antennas that are specified without
atmosphere (hypothetical vacuum). Table 4 provides adjustments to the 25% weather operating
system temperatures that were calculated using the weather models in module 105.
Tables 5 through 10 give S-band system noise temperatures to be expected during
average clear weather conditions at elevation angles near the horizon, corresponding to rise and
set azimuths of spacecraft with declinations of approximately -15 degrees to -25 degrees. These data were
gathered specifically to support the Galileo Mission during the 1995 through 1998 period.
Tables 5 and 6 are for rise and set azimuths at DSS 14 (Goldstone) using the Sband
SPD cone (the standard S-band receiving system). Tables 7 and 8 are for rise and set
azimuths at DSS 43 (Canberra) using the S-band ultracone (an additional, very-low-noise S-band
receiving system located on that antenna). Two-way operation (simultaneous transmit and
receive) or dual polarization (RCP and LCP) is not possible when the ultracone is being used for
reception. The standard SPD cone at DSS 43 is available for diplexed and non-diplexed
configuration with a somewhat higher noise temperature, as given in Table 2 and Appendix A,
Table A-3. Tables 9 and 10 give rise and set noise temperatures for DSS 63 (Madrid). The
elevation dependence of S-band noise temperature for all antennas is considered to be similar to
the DSS 14 performance depicted in Figure 8, subject to the low-elevation differences given in
Tables 5-10. Figures 9 and 10 show S-band system noise temperatures at a 6 degrees elevation angle
for all antennas at the eastern and western horizons for the Galileo range of rise and set azimuths.

2.1.3 Pointing Accuracy
Figure 14 shows the effects of pointing error on effective transmit and receive
gain of the antenna (pointing loss) for the S-band transmit and the L- and S-band receive
frequencies. The effects of pointing error at the X-band transmit and receive frequencies is
shown in Figure 15. These curves are Gaussian approximations based on theoretical antenna
beamwidths. Data have been normalized to eliminate elevation and wind-loading effects. The
equation used to generate the curves is provided in Appendix A.

2.2 Recommended Minimum Operating Carrier Signal Levels
Table 11 provides the recommended minimum operating carrier-signal levels for
selected values of receiver tracking-loop bandwidth (Bl). These levels provide a signal-to-noise
ratio of 10 dB in the carrier-tracking loop, based on the nominal zenith system temperatures
given in Table 2 and assuming 25% weather.


3 Proposed Capabilities
The following paragraphs discuss capabilities that have not yet been implemented
by the DSN but have adequate maturity to be considered for spacecraft mission and equipment
design. Telecommunications engineers are advised that any capabilities discussed in this section
cannot be committed to except by negotiation with the TMOD Plans and Commitments Program
Office.

3.1 70-m X-Band Uplink Implementation
DSS 63 will be equipped with the XTR feedcone and will have the same
capabilities as described for DSS 14 and DSS 43 and documented in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1. S- and X-Band Transmit Characteristics
Parameter                        Value                        Remarks
ANTENNA
Gain (dBi)                                                    At gain set elevation angle, referenced to
                                                              feedhorn aperture for matched
                                                              polarization; no atmosphere included
S-Band (2115 MHz)                62.7 +/-0.2                  All stations
X-Band (7145 MHz)                72.9 +/-0.2                  DSS 14 and DSS 43
Transmitter Waveguide Loss
(dB)
S-Band                                                        All stations
                                 0.2 +/-0.02                  400-kW Transmitter output to feedhorn aperture
                                 0.3 +/-0.02                  20-kW Transmitter output to feedhorn aperture
X-Band                           0.45 +/-0.02                 20-kW Transmitter output to feedhorn
                                                              aperture, DSS 14 and DSS 43
Half-Power Beamwidth (deg)                                    Angular width (2-sided) between halfpower
                                                              points at specified frequency
S-Band                           0.128 +/-0.014
X-Band                           0.0378 +/-0.003
Polarization                     RCP or LCP                   One polarization at a time, remotely
                                                              selected
Ellipticity, RCP or LCP (dB)                                  Ellipticity is defined as the ratio of peak-to-trough
                                                              received voltages with a rotating,
                                                              linearly polarized source and a circularly
                                                              (elliptically) polarized receiving antenna.
                                                              Ellipticity (dB) = 20 log (V2/V1)
S-Band                           2.2 (max)                    All stations
X-Band                           <=1.0                        DSS 14 and DSS 43
Pointing Loss (dB)
Angular                          See module 302               Also, see Figures 14 and 15.
CONSCAN
S-Band
                                 0.1                          Recommended value
                                 0.03                         At S-band, using X-band CONSCAN
                                                              reference set for 0.1-dB loss
X-Band                                                        DSS 14 and DSS 43
                                 0.1                          Recommended value
EXCITER AND
TRANSMITTER
RF Power Output (dBm)                                         Nominal output power, referenced to
                                                              transmitter port; settability is limited to 0.25
                                                              dB by measurement equipment precision
S-Band
20-kW Power Amplifier            73.0, +0.0, -1.0
400-kW Power Amplifier           86.0, +0.0, -1.0             See note at end of Table 1.
X-Band                                                        DSS 14 and DSS 43
20-kW Power Amplifier            73.0, +0.0, -1.0
Both S-band and X-band transmitters employ variable-beam klystron power amplifiers. The output
from this kind of amplifier varies across the bandwidth and may be as much as 1 dB below the
nominal rating, as indicated by the tolerance. Performance will also vary from tube to tube. Normal
procedure is to run the tubes saturated, but unsaturated operation is also possible. The point at
which saturation is achieved depends on drive power and beam voltage. The 20-kW tubes are
normally saturated for power levels greater than 60 dBm (1 kW) and the 400-kW tubes are saturated
above 83 dBm (200 kW). Minimum power out of the 20-kW tubes is about 53 dBm (200 W) and
about 73 dBm (20 kW) for the 400-kW tubes. Efficiency of the tubes drops off rapidly below nominal
rated output
EIRP                                                          At gain set elevation angle, referenced to
                                                              feedhorn aperture
S-Band
                                 148.5, +0.0, -1.0            400-kW Transmitter
                                 135.4, +0.0, -1.0            20-kW Transmitter
X-Band                           145.4, +0.0, -1.0            DSS 14 and DSS 43
Frequency Range Covered
(MHz)
S-Band
1-dB Bandwidth                   2110 to 2118
Coherent with Deep Space S-Band  2110.2 to 2117.7             240/221 turnaround ratio
D/L Allocation
Coherent with Deep Space X-Band  2110.2 to 2119.8             880/221 turnaround ratio
D/L Allocation
X-Band                                                        DSS 14 and DSS 43
1-dB Bandwidth                   7145 to 7190
Coherent with Deep Space S-Band  7147.3 to 7177.3             240/749 turnaround ratio
D/L Allocation
Coherent with Deep Space X-Band  7149.6 to 7188.9             880/749 turnaround ratio
D/L Allocation
Tunability                                                    At S-band or X-band transmitter output
                                                              frequency
Phase Continuous Tuning Range    2.0 MHz
Maximum Tuning Rate              +/-12.1 kHz/s
Frequency Error                  0.012 Hz                     Average over 100 ms with respect to
                                                              frequency specified by predicts
Ramp Rate Error                  0.001 Hz/s                   Average over 4.5 s with respect to rate
                                                              calculated from frequency predicts
S-Band Stability                                              At transmitter output frequency
Output Power Stability (dB)                                   12-h period
Saturated Drive                  +/-0.25                      20-kW Transmitter
Saturated Drive                  +/-0.5                       400-kW Transmitter
Unsaturated Drive                +/-1.0                       20-kW and 400-kW transmitters
Frequency ((delta f)/f), 1000-s  5 x 10^-15                   Allan deviation
Averaging                   
Phase Stability (dBc)                                         In 1-Hz bandwidth
1-10 Hz Offset                   -60                          Below carrier
10 Hz-1 kHz Offset               -70                          Below carrier
Group Delay Stability (ns)       <=3.3                        Ranging modulation signal path over
                                                              12-h period (see module 203)
Spurious Output
2nd Harmonic (dB)                -85                          Below Carrier
3rd Harmonic (dB)                -85                          Below Carrier
4th Harmonic (dBm)               -140 dBm                     20-kW Transmitter
                                 TBD                          400-kW Transmitter
X-Band Stability                                              DSS 14 and DSS 43 at transmitter output
                                                              frequency
Output Power Stability (dB)                                   12-h period
Saturated Drive                  +/-0.25
Unsaturated Drive                +/-1.0
Frequency ((delta f)/f), 1000-s  2.3 x 10^15                  Allan deviation
Averaging
X-Band Stability (Continued)                                  At transmitter output frequency
Phase Stability (dBc)                                         In 1-Hz bandwidth
1-10 Hz Offset                   -50                          Below carrier
10 Hz-1 kHz Offset               -60                          Below carrier
Group Delay Stability (ns)       <=1.0                        Ranging modulation signal path over
                                                              12 h period (see module 203)
Spurious Output
2nd Harmonic (dB)                -75                          Below carrier
3rd, 4th & 5th Harmonics         -60                          Below carrier
Note: 400-kW power amplifier cannot be used below 10 degree elevation at all stations and between
300 degree and 360 degree azimuth at DSS 63.


Table 2. L-, S-, and X-Band Receive Characteristics
ANTENNA
Gain (dBi)                                                    At gain set elevation angle for matched
                                                              polarization, no atmosphere included Note:
                                                              Favorable (+) and adverse (-) tolerances
                                                              have a triangular PDF. See Figures 3-6
                                                              for elevation dependency.
L-Band (1668 MHz)                60.17 +/-0.3                 Referenced to LNA-1 or LNA-2 input
                                                              terminal (includes feedline loss)
S-Band (2295 MHz), All           63.34 +/-0.10                Referenced to LNA-1 input terminal
Stations                                                      (includes feedline loss)
                                 63.28 +/-0.10                Referenced to LNA-2 input terminal
                                                              (includes feedline loss)
X-Band (8420 MHz),                                            Referenced to LNA-1 or LNA-2 input
S/X Configuration                                             terminal (includes feedline loss). S/X
                                                              dichroic is in place.
DSS 14 and DSS 43                74.1 +/-0.10                 XTR Feedcone
DSS 63                           74.28 +/-0.10                XRO Feedcone
X-Band (8420 MHz),               74.3 +/-0.10                 DSS 14 and DSS 43, referenced to LNA-1
X-Only Configuration                                          or LNA-2 input terminal (includes feedline
                                                              loss). S/X dichroic is retracted.
Half-Power Beamwidth                                          Angular width (2-sided) between halfpower
(deg.)                                                        points at specified frequency
L- Band (1668 MHz)               0.162 +/-0.010
S- Band (2295 MHz)               0.118 +/-0.02
X-Band (8420 MHz)                0.0320 +/-0.003
Polarization
L-Band, All Stations             LCP                          RCP available by changing mechanical
                                                              configuration of feed
S-Band, All Stations             RCP and LCP                  Both polarizations available
                                                              simultaneously. Choice of diplexed or nondiplexed
                                                              path is remotely selectable.
X-Band
DSS 14 and DSS 43                RCP and LCP                  Both polarizations available
                                                              simultaneously.
DSS 63                           RCP and LCP                  Both polarizations available
                                                              simultaneously. Choice of diplexed or nondiplexed
                                                              path is remotely selectable.
Ellipticity (dB)                                              See definition in Table 1.
L-Band                           2.0 (max)
S-Band                           0.6 (max)
X-Band                           0.8 (max)
Pointing Loss (dB, 3 sigma)
Angular                          See module 302               Also, see Figures 14 and 15.
CONSCAN
S-Band                           0.03                         At S-band using X-band CONSCAN
                                                              reference set for 0.1 dB loss at X-band
                                 0.1                          Recommended value when using S-band
                                                              CONSCAN reference
X-Band                           0.1                          Recommended value when using X-band
                                                              CONSCAN reference
LOW NOISE AMPLIFIERS                                          Only two tracking receiver channels are
AND RECEIVERS                                                 available that may be operated as two
                                                              receivers with any pair or combination of
                                                              L-, S-, and X-band frequencies and
                                                              polarizations, for example, one S and one
                                                              X or X-RCP and X-LCP. Both receivers
                                                              also may be operated in the same band
                                                              and polarization.
Frequency Ranges Covered (MHz))                               1 dB bandwidth
L-Band                           1628 to 1708
S-Band                           2270 to 2300
X-Band                           8400-8500
Recommended Maximum              -90.0                        At LNA input terminal
Signal Power (dBm)
Recommended Minimum              See Table 11
Signal Power (dBm)    
System Noise Temperature (K)                                  For average clear weather (25% weather
                                                              condition) near zenith (see Table 4 for
                                                              adjustments to remove atmospheric
                                                              contribution); favorable (-) and adverse (+)
                                                              tolerances have a triangular PDF
L-Band (1628-1708 MHz)           21 +/-2                      With respect to LNA 1 or 2 input terminal
                                                              (see Figure 7 for elevation dependency)
S-Band (2270-2300 MHz)                                        See Figure 8 for representative elevation dependency
DSS 14                           15.2, +1.3, -0.7             SPD cone, with respect to LNA-1 input
DSS 43                           15.6, +1.4, -1.1             terminal, non-diplexed path
DSS 63                           16.9, +1.7, -1.1
DSS 43                           11.7, +1.0, -0.0             Ultracone with respect to LNA input
                                                              terminal
DSS 14                           19.5, +1.3, -0.7             SPD cone, with respect to LNA-1 input
DSS 43                           19.9, +1.4, -1.1             terminal, diplexed path
DSS 63                           21.2, +1.7, -1.1

Adjustment for LNA-2 (All DSS)   5 +/-1                       Add to diplexed or non-diplexed values
                                                              shown above to obtain performance with
                                                              LNA-2; tolerances to be RSS'd with
                                                              tolerances shown above
X-Band   (8400-8500 MHz),                                     Referenced to LNA-1 or LNA-2 input
S/X Configuration
                                                              terminal; S/X dichroic in place
DSS 14                           17.4 +/-0.3                  XTR Feedcone
DSS 43                           17.8 +/-0.3                  XTR Feedcone
DSS 63                           21.0 +/-2                    XRO Feedcone (see Figure 13 for
                                                              elevation dependency)
X-Band (8420 MHz),                                            DSS 14 and DSS 43, referenced to LNA-1
X-Only Configuration                                          or LNA-2 input terminal; S/X dichroic
                                                              retracted (see Figures 11 and 12 for
                                                              elevation dependency)
DSS 14                           16.5 +/-0.3                  XTR Feedcone
DSS 43                           16.9 +/-0.3                  XTR Feedcone
DSS 63                           N/A                          XRO dichroic not retractable
Carrier Tracking Loop Noise      0.25 - 200                   Effective one-sided, noise-equivalent
B/W (Hz)                                                      carrier loop bandwidth (BL)


Table 3. Gain Reduction Due to Wind Loading, 70-m Antenna
Wind Speed                                         Gain Reduction (dB)*
km/h        mph                                    S-band           X-band
32          20                                     Negligible       0.1
48          30                                     Negligible       0.3
72          45                                     0.15             1.5
* Assumes antenna is maintained on-point using CONSCAN or an equivalent.
L-band gain reduction is negligible for wind speeds up to 72 km/h (45 mph).
Worst case with antenna in most adverse orientation for wind.


Table 4. System Noise Temperature Contributions due to 25% Weather
Location                               Noise Temperature Contribution (K)*
                                       L-band and S-band            X-band
Goldstone (DSS 14)                     1.929                        2.292
Canberra (DSS 43)                      2.109                        2.654
Madrid (DSS 63)                        2.031                        2.545
* From Table 1 in module 105.


Table 5. DSS 14 Eastern Horizon S-Band Top (K) with SPD Cone
ELEV,           AZIMUTH, deg 
deg  110  111  112  113  114  115  116  117  118  119  120  121  122  123  124  125  126  127  128  129  130
20.0 21.0 21.1 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.1 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.1 21.1 21.2 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1
19.0 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.8 21.7 21.6 21.6 21.6
18.0 22.1 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 21.9 21.9 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.1 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.1 22.1 22.0 22.0 22.0 21.9 22.0
17.0 22.3 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.1 22.2 22.2 22.3 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.2 22.3 22.2 22.2 22.3 22.3
16.0 22.7 22.7 22.7 22.6 22.7 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.7 22.7 22.6 22.7 22.7 22.7 22.6 22.7 22.7 22.7 22.7 22.9 23.0
15.0 23.2 23.2 23.2 23.2 23.2 23.2 23.3 23.3 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 23.6 23.6 23.6 23.6 23.7
14.0 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.9 23.9 23.9 24.0 24.1 24.1 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.1 24.3 24.3 24.2 24.2
13.0 24.6 24.5 24.5 24.6 24.6 24.5 24.5 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.7 24.7 24.7 24.8 24.8 24.7 24.8 24.8 24.9 24.9
12.0 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.4 25.4 25.3 25.4 25.4 25.3 25.3 25.4 25.4 25.4 25.5 25.5
11.0 26.0 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.0 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.3 26.3 26.3 26.4 26.5
10.0 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.1 27.2 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.3 27.3 27.3 27.4 27.3 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.5 27.4
 9.5 27.4 27.5 27.5 27.6 27.5 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.7 27.8 27.6 27.7 27.7 27.8 27.9 28.0 27.9 28.0
 9.0 27.9 27.8 28.2 28.2 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.9 27.9 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.1 28.1 28.5 28.5 28.2 28.2
 8.5 29.2 29.2 29.1 29.1 29.2 29.1 29.0 29.0 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.5 29.5 29.4 29.3 29.4 29.5 29.5
 8.0 29.6 29.6 29.7 29.7 29.9 29.9 29.8 29.7 29.8 29.8 29.8 30.0 30.0 29.9 29.9 29.9 29.9 30.0 30.0 30.1 30.1
 7.5 30.4 30.3 30.3 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.5 30.4 30.4 30.5 30.4 30.5 30.8 30.6 30.6 30.7 30.7 30.7 30.8 30.8 30.9
 7.0 31.1 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.4 31.4 31.2 31.3 31.3 31.3 31.3 31.3 31.4 31.4 31.4 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.6 31.7
 6.5 32.1 32.2 32.5 32.3 32.3 32.6 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.7 32.8 32.8
 6.0 32.3 32.8 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.8
                AZIMUTH, deg
     130  131  132  133  134  135  136  137  138  139  140  141  142  143  144  145  146  147  148  149  150
20.0 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.2 21.2 21.7 21.6 21.1 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.1 21.1 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2 21.2
19.0 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.5 21.7 22.1 21.8 21.6 21.8 22.0 21.6 21.6 22.1 21.9 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.6
18.0 22.0 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.9 22.0 22.0 21.9 22.0 22.1 22.1 22.1 22.5 22.6 22.1 22.2 22.8 22.5 22.1 22.3 22.8
17.0 22.3 22.4 22.5 22.6 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.4 22.5 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.6 22.5 22.6 22.7
16.0 23.0 22.8 22.8 22.9 22.9 22.9 23.0 23.0 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.2 23.1 23.3 23.3 23.1 23.1 23.2 23.2
15.0 23.7 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.6 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.8 23.7 23.7 23.8 23.8 23.7 23.7
14.0 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.5 24.9 24.6 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.4 24.4 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.7 25.0 24.6 24.6
13.0 24.9 24.9 25.0 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.0 24.8 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.2 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.5
12.0 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.6 25.6 25.6 25.6 25.6 25.7 25.7 25.7 25.8 25.8 25.9 25.9 25.9 25.9 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.1
11.0 26.5 26.5 26.5 26.9 27.5 26.8 26.8 27.3 26.8 26.6 26.6 26.7 26.6 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.8 26.9 26.9 26.9
10.0 27.4 27.5 27.5 27.7 27.7 27.6 27.7 27.7 27.7 27.8 27.8 27.9 27.8 27.8 27.7 27.9 27.9 27.9 27.9 28.0 28.1
 9.5 28.0 28.0 28.1 28.1 28.2 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.1 28.2 28.2 28.3 28.3 28.3 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.5 28.4 28.4 28.4
 9.0 28.2 28.3 28.3 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.5 28.5 28.6 28.6 28.5 28.6 28.7 28.8 28.7 28.8 28.8 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9
 8.5 29.5 29.6 29.7 29.6 29.7 29.9 29.9 29.9 30.0 29.6 29.9 30.1 29.8 29.8 30.0 30.0 29.9 29.9 30.0 30.0 30.0
 8.0 30.1 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.3 30.5 30.4 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.4 30.5 30.4 30.3 30.5 30.6 30.6 30.6 30.6 30.7 30.8
 7.5 30.9 30.9 30.9 31.1 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.5 31.4 31.4 31.4 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.5 31.6 31.7 31.8
 7.0 31.7 31.8 31.9 31.8 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.8 32.9
 6.5 32.8 32.9 32.9 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.9 34.1 34.2
 6.0 33.8 33.8 33.8 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.1 34.1 34.1 34.3 34.3 34.4 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.6 34.7 34.8 35.0 35.2 35.4


Table 6. DSS 14 Western Horizon S-Band Top (K) with SPD Cone
ELEV,           AZIMUTH, deg
deg 210  211  212  213  214  215  216  217  218  219  220  221  222  223  224  225  226  227  228  229  230
9.0 29.7 30.0 31.0 32.0 31.5 30.6 30.0 29.6 29.3 29.3 29.2 29.1 29.0 29.0 28.8 29.0 29.0 29.1 29.0 29.0 29.0
8.5 31.0 31.3 32.3 32.3 31.2 30.6 30.3 30.0 29.9 29.7 29.7 29.7 29.6 29.6 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5
8.0 27.2 31.5 31.9 33.1 33.8 32.4 31.3 31.1 31.0 30.7 30.6 30.5 30.5 30.8 30.4 30.3 30.4 30.7 30.5 30.4 30.5
7.5 34.7 34.9 34.9 34.9 34.5 33.3 32.3 32.0 31.7 31.4 31.3 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.2 31.1 31.0 30.9 31.0 31.1
7.0 34.3 34.3 34.3 34.2 34.2 34.2 33.8 33.0 32.5 32.2 32.1 31.7 31.9 31.9 31.9 31.8 31.8 31.8 31.7 31.7 31.8
6.5 34.4 34.3 34.2 34.3 34.2 33.8 33.4 33.0 32.9 33.0 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 33.0 32.8 32.8 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.7
6.0 34.6 34.1 34.7 34.8 34.8 34.7 34.4 34.0 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.5 33.6 33.5 33.6
                AZIMUTH, deg
    230  231  232  233  234  235  236  237  238  239  240  241  242  243  244  245  246  247  248  249  250
9.0 29.0 28.9 28.9 28.9 29.1 29.1 28.9 29.1 29.4 28.9 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.7 28.8 28.8 28.7 28.7 28.8 28.9 29.0
8.5 29.5 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.5 29.7 29.5 29.5 29.4 29.3 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.5
8.0 30.5 30.3 30.2 30.2 30.1 30.2 30.2 29.9 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.2 30.1 30.1 30.1 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.3
7.5 31.1 31.0 31.0 31.0 30.9 30.9 30.9 31.0 31.0 30.9 30.6 30.9 31.1 31.0 31.0 31.1 30.9 30.9 30.9 30.7 30.5
7.0 31.8 31.8 31.7 31.7 31.8 31.8 31.7 31.7 31.7 31.7 31.7 31.7 31.6 31.6 31.6 31.4 31.6 31.7 31.7 31.6 31.7
6.5 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.5
6.0 33.6 33.7 33.6 33.7 33.9 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.8 33.8 33.8


Table 7. DSS 43 Eastern Horizon S-Band Top (K) with Ultracone
ELEV,           AZIMUTH, deg
deg  90   91   92   93   94   95   96   97   98   99   100  101  102  103  104  105  106  107  108  109  110
20.0 19.0 18.7 18.2 18.9 18.4 18.7 19.0 18.8 18.4 18.7 18.8 18.5 18.2 18.9 18.6 18.7 18.3 19.0 18.3 18.1 18.7
19.0 19.4 19.5 19.3 19.2 19.5 20.1 19.6 19.4 19.3 19.3 18.9 18.7 19.2 19.4 18.8 19.4 19.0 19.0 18.9 19.1 18.8
18.0 20.3 20.0 20.2 19.6 19.7 19.9 20.1 20.2 20.1 19.9 20.2 19.6 20.2 20.1 19.9 19.8 19.6 19.5 20.0 19.6 19.4
17.0 21.1 21.2 20.4 20.6 20.9 20.4 21.2 20.8 21.2 21.1 20.7 20.9 20.8 20.4 20.4 20.9 20.9 20.3 20.2 20.3 20.7
16.0 21.5 21.5 21.1 21.7 21.3 21.5 21.4 21.6 21.4 21.1 21.6 21.3 21.6 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.5 21.2 21.2 20.7 21.0
15.0 22.8 22.7 22.0 22.4 22.2 22.3 22.0 22.7 22.1 22.7 22.3 22.2 22.4 22.3 21.6 22.1 22.3 22.3 22.0 21.8 21.8
14.0 23.3 23.6 23.2 23.5 23.5 23.0 23.3 23.1 23.1 23.2 23.2 23.5 23.3 23.3 22.8 22.9 23.0 23.1 22.4 22.8 22.4
13.0 24.3 23.7 24.0 24.3 23.8 24.6 24.1 23.7 24.0 24.3 23.7 23.9 23.9 24.1 23.8 23.8 23.7 23.8 24.0 23.5 23.6
12.0 25.1 25.3 25.2 25.7 25.2 25.5 25.4 25.4 25.2 25.6 25.1 25.3 25.0 25.0 24.9 25.0 25.1 24.9 24.4 24.8 24.6
11.0 26.5 26.9 26.4 26.0 26.1 26.7 26.3 26.9 27.5 26.8 27.1 27.5 26.9 26.8 27.0 26.0 26.0 26.1 26.0 25.9 25.8
10.0 33.6 32.8 30.6 29.7 29.4 29.4 30.1 33.3 39.9 51.4 58.3 59.1 56.1 48.6 37.1 30.7 28.7 27.8 28.0 27.3 27.2
 9.5 50.5 50.1 46.9 41.7 38.5 39.2 45.0 53.9 67.5 82.2 94.3 98.1 94.0 82.4 67.3 53.3 40.3 31.7 29.9 29.0 27.7
 9.0 77.0 76.1 71.6 66.6 65.0 69.7 80.5 96.0  114  131  141  142  133  116 96.4 77.9 60.4 45.8 38.6 34.1 31.3
 8.5  111  112  111  107  104  104  112  125  143  161  177  187  184  173  155  134  111 90.9 75.1 64.4 54.6
 8.0  151  150  148  145  146  151  161  177  195  211  222  223  215  201  182  160  141  124  109 96.9 82.2
 7.5  190  191  191  188  185  187  195  207  222  234  240  240  238  236  227  211  195  178  165  153  134
 7.0  219  220  220  218  216  220  227  236  240  242  242  241  240  240  238  232  222  212  203  190  171
 6.5  235  236  237  237  236  236  239  240  243  244  244  243  242  241  241  242  241  238  236  230  220
 6.0  239  240  239  239  240  240  241  242  243  243  243  243  242  241  242  242  242  241  241  239  233

                AZIMUTH, deg
     110  111  112  113  114  115  116  117  118  119  120  121  122  123  124  125  126  127  128  129  130
20.0 18.7 18.3 18.3 17.7 18.1 17.4 17.9 17.7 18.1 17.6 18.0 17.6 17.4 17.5 17.5 18.0 17.9 17.9 17.2 17.5 17.7
19.0 18.8 18.7 18.9 18.9 19.0 18.3 18.8 18.4 18.5 18.7 18.4 17.8 18.3 17.9 18.6 18.0 18.1 17.9 18.0 18.2 17.8
18.0 19.4 19.8 19.5 19.7 19.2 19.5 19.0 18.8 19.2 18.8 18.9 18.9 18.8 18.9 18.9 18.7 18.5 18.9 18.5 18.7 18.9
17.0 20.7 20.1 20.3 19.9 20.3 19.6 20.5 19.6 19.6 19.6 19.8 19.8 19.5 19.5 19.6 19.5 19.4 19.3 19.5 19.0 18.7
16.0 21.0 20.8 21.3 20.9 20.8 20.9 20.7 20.1 20.4 20.8 20.3 19.8 20.4 19.8 20.2 19.8 19.9 20.1 19.7 20.0 20.9
15.0 21.8 21.6 21.6 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.3 21.5 21.3 21.0 21.3 21.3 20.9 20.9 21.3 20.9 20.9 20.6 20.8 20.7 20.3
14.0 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.7 22.4 22.4 22.2 22.2 22.3 22.1 22.1 21.6 21.9 21.7 21.8 21.7 21.9 21.7 21.1 21.3 21.1
13.0 23.6 24.0 23.2 23.3 23.3 23.2 23.1 22.9 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.7 22.7 22.5 23.2 22.4 22.3 22.2 22.6 22.8 22.1
12.0 24.6 24.3 23.8 24.3 24.3 24.2 24.1 23.9 24.2 23.4 23.8 23.3 23.7 24.0 23.8 23.8 23.5 23.6 23.5 23.3 23.3
11.0 25.8 25.8 25.5 25.5 25.3 24.9 25.1 25.2 25.3 24.6 25.0 24.9 24.6 25.3 24.9 25.2 24.6 24.8 24.3 24.8 25.1
10.0 27.2 27.3 27.1 26.3 26.5 26.4 26.2 26.8 26.1 26.1 26.0 26.3 26.2 26.4 26.3 27.3 28.0 27.3 26.4 26.2 26.2
 9.5 27.7 28.5 28.4 27.1 27.8 27.2 27.0 27.0 26.7 26.6 27.0 26.4 26.7 27.2 26.6 26.9 26.5 26.9 26.8 26.5 26.5
 9.0 31.3 29.7 28.8 28.8 28.6 28.2 28.2 27.9 28.0 27.9 27.7 27.2 27.5 27.5 27.4 27.5 27.2 27.5 27.5 27.5 26.7
 8.5 54.6 41.6 33.6 30.0 29.7 29.0 28.8 29.1 29.2 28.7 28.5 28.5 28.4 28.7 28.6 28.4 28.9 28.5 28.9 28.4 28.2
 8.0 82.2 63.6 46.3 36.1 31.6 30.5 29.8 29.5 30.0 29.7 29.5 29.3 29.5 29.6 29.6 29.4 30.4 30.0 30.4 29.6 29.9
 7.5  134  113 89.0 68.0 50.8 38.0 33.1 31.4 31.1 31.5 31.4 30.8 31.3 31.5 31.5 31.4 31.4 31.3 31.8 31.4 31.5
 7.0  171  147  122 96.9 74.1 52.7 37.1 34.0 33.2 33.8 33.5 33.3 34.1 33.8 33.9 34.3 34.0 33.4 33.8 33.6 32.7
 6.5  220  200  178  153  126 99.5 72.0 48.4 38.2 36.2 36.9 37.4 37.6 39.6 41.2 42.5 41.4 38.5 37.2 36.0 36.7
 6.0  233  219  199  175  148  116 85.7 61.1 46.9 42.7 42.8 46.3 52.5 60.2 64.6 63.4 56.7 48.6 43.0 40.0 39.4


Table 8. DSS 43 Western Horizon S-Band Top (K) with Ultracone
ELEV,           AZIMUTH, deg
deg   230  231  232  233  234  235  236  237  238  239  240  241  242  243  244  245  246  247  248  249  250
20.0 17.4 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.3 17.6 17.4 17.5 17.7 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.4 17.6 17.7 17.4 17.6 17.6 17.5 17.6 17.5
19.0 18.0 18.0 18.2 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.1 18.2 18.1 18.3 18.3 18.2 18.3 18.5 18.3 18.2 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.3 18.2
18.0 18.7 18.6 18.7 18.7 18.8 19.0 18.8 18.7 18.9 19.0 19.0 18.9 18.9 19.0 18.8 18.9 18.9 18.8 18.9 18.9 18.7
17.0 19.4 19.3 19.5 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.6 19.5 19.4 19.6 19.5 19.6 19.4 19.5 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.3 19.5 19.5
16.0 20.0 20.1 20.0 20.2 20.4 20.2 20.2 20.3 20.3 20.2 20.3 20.3 20.2 20.1 20.2 20.2 20.4 20.1 20.2 20.1 20.3
15.0 20.9 20.9 21.0 20.9 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.1 21.1 21.0 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.0 21.0 21.0 20.9 21.1 21.2 20.9
14.0 21.9 21.7 21.6 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.9 21.8 21.9 21.8 21.9 21.9 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.8 21.8 21.7 21.7
13.0 22.5 22.5 22.7 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.7 22.6 22.7 22.7 22.8 22.8 22.6 22.8 22.7 22.7 22.7 22.8 22.7 22.5
12.0 23.5 23.4 23.4 23.5 23.5 23.6 23.7 23.6 23.7 23.6 23.9 23.7 23.8 23.9 23.8 23.9 23.8 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7
11.0 24.9 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.3 25.4 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.4 25.5 25.5 25.4 25.3 25.3 25.2 25.0
10.5 25.1 25.2 25.1 25.4 25.4 25.7 25.6 26.1 26.8 26.8 26.4 26.0 26.5 27.1 26.5 26.7 27.5 27.3 26.0 25.6 25.7
10.0 25.9 26.0 26.6 27.4 27.4 27.4 28.8 31.4 32.0 31.4 29.7 29.5 32.1 31.2 29.8 32.8 32.7 29.0 27.4 27.1 27.1
 9.5 27.7 28.0 28.0 30.3 32.8 32.6 33.0 35.3 38.6 39.3 39.6 37.0 36.8 38.5 37.9 37.4 39.3 37.8 34.2 31.4 30.4
 9.0 34.0 34.4 36.4 39.4 41.2 43.7 44.5 48.0 48.5 50.3 51.3 50.0 48.5 49.1 50.2 49.5 47.8 45.0 42.6 38.6 39.7
 8.5 40.4 42.8 46.5 49.5 50.5 55.0 58.7 61.3 62.0 61.9 66.7 66.1 64.4 62.8 65.7 65.2 62.0 58.4 57.6 55.5 51.1
 8.0 54.6 59.7 64.4 63.2 69.2 74.6 77.7 78.2 78.3 83.9 85.0 83.5 80.8 83.2 84.1 80.1 74.8 73.4 73.7 68.4 64.1
 7.5 68.6 70.0 78.1 81.7 80.5 88.8 94.6 97.3 96.4 98.6  104  106  103  101  104  104 96.4 92.0 92.6 92.1 85.5
 7.0 86.7 92.7  101 98.8  103  112  118  116  118  121  128  125  123  124  127  120  112  113  113  110  103
 6.5  106  111  120  120  121  130  138  137  138  141  145  149  145  144  147  146  138  133  135  133  127
 6.0  129  136  143  141  144  154  159  159  161  164  170  168  166  168  169  166  159  155  156  152  145
                AZIMUTH, deg
      250  251  252  253  254  255  256  257  258  259  260  261  262  263  264  265  266  267  268  269  270
20.0 17.5 17.6 17.3 17.6 17.3 17.4 17.4 17.5 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.4 17.3 17.5 17.5 17.4 17.3 17.4 17.6
19.0 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.0 18.1 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.1 18.1 18.0 18.0 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.8 18.0
18.0 18.7 18.9 18.8 18.8 18.9 18.8 18.8 18.7 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.5 18.6 18.5 18.6 18.5 18.5 18.6
17.0 19.5 19.3 19.1 19.5 19.4 19.3 19.2 19.2 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.2 19.2 19.2 18.9 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.0 19.0 19.0
16.0 20.3 20.3 20.2 20.2 20.0 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.0 20.0 20.0 19.9 20.0 19.9 19.9 19.8 19.9 19.8 19.7 19.8 19.4
15.0 20.9 20.8 21.0 21.0 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.8 20.8 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.8 20.6 20.7 20.7 20.5 20.5 20.6 20.4
14.0 21.7 21.8 21.9 21.6 21.8 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.5 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.5 21.4 21.5 21.4 21.5 21.4 21.5
13.0 22.5 22.7 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.5 22.4 22.4 22.3 22.3 22.5 22.2 22.5
12.0 23.7 23.8 23.7 23.8 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.6 23.6 23.5 23.5 23.6 23.5 23.6 23.5 23.4 23.4 23.3 23.4 23.3 23.0
11.0 25.0 25.1 25.1 24.9 24.9 24.8 24.8 24.8 24.6 24.7 24.7 24.4 24.6 24.5 24.5 24.4 24.5 24.4 24.3 24.3 24.3
10.5 25.7 25.7 25.7 25.6 25.5 25.3 25.4 25.3 25.2 25.3 25.1 25.2 25.0 25.0 24.9 24.9 25.0 24.9 24.9 24.8 24.7
10.0 27.1 27.5 27.4 26.5 26.7 26.5 26.1 25.9 25.9 25.8 25.7 25.8 25.7 25.7 25.6 25.6 25.8 25.6 25.5 25.4 25.3
 9.5 30.4 32.1 33.2 30.6 29.3 30.2 28.6 27.2 26.7 26.7 26.6 26.4 26.4 26.5 26.3 26.2 26.3 26.2 26.2 26.1 25.8
 9.0 39.7 41.0 38.4 35.8 35.6 33.3 30.1 28.3 27.8 27.5 27.4 27.3 27.3 27.1 27.0 26.9 27.1 27.0 26.9 26.9 27.0
 8.5 51.1 50.5 48.8 48.4 46.3 40.9 36.3 35.3 31.3 29.2 28.4 28.3 28.1 28.0 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.7 27.7 27.5
 8.0 64.1 62.9 64.0 61.1 55.9 48.5 47.5 43.9 37.2 31.9 29.7 29.2 29.1 28.8 29.1 28.7 28.8 28.6 28.8 28.6 28.5
 7.5 85.5 81.1 80.2 80.4 76.0 68.0 63.1 59.9 51.8 43.3 36.1 32.1 30.6 30.4 30.2 30.1 30.2 30.0 30.2 29.8 30.0
 7.0  103 98.4 98.6 97.8 91.3 82.9 79.6 71.7 61.1 52.0 43.8 36.9 33.9 32.5 31.6 31.3 31.3 31.2 31.1 31.2 31.2
 6.5  127  119  118  119  115  105  101 93.9 81.0 71.1 61.7 52.4 44.8 40.8 35.9 33.9 33.3 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.8
 6.0  145  140  140  141  132  125  120  109 96.1 86.0 76.4 65.8 57.0 52.2 45.1 39.0 37.2 37.5 36.9 35.7 35.4


Table 9. DSS 63 Eastern Horizon S-Band Top (K) with SPD Cone
ELEV,           AZIMUTH, deg
deg   110  111  112  113  114  115  116  117  118  119  120  121  122  123  124  125  126  127  128  129  130
40.0 18.4 18.6 18.5 18.4 18.5 18.3 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.1 18.3 18.3 18.4 18.2 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2
35.0 18.7 18.7 18.8 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.4 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5 18.6
30.0 18.9 19.0 19.1 19.0 19.0 19.0 18.9 19.1 19.0 19.0 19.0 19.1 19.0 19.0 19.2 19.1 19.1 19.1 19.3 19.2 19.1
25.0 20.0 19.9 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.0 20.0 20.0 19.9 19.9 20.0 19.9 19.8 19.7 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.8 19.9
20.0 21.5 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.6 21.7 21.7 21.8 21.7 21.6 21.4 21.4 21.4 21.5 21.7 21.8 21.8 21.7 21.5 21.5 21.6
19.0 21.8 21.8 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 22.0 22.1 22.1 22.3 22.0 22.1 21.9 21.9 21.8 21.7 21.9 21.9
18.0 22.8 22.9 22.9 23.2 23.3 23.0 23.1 23.0 22.9 23.0 22.8 23.0 22.9 23.0 23.0 22.9 22.8 22.9 22.7 22.7 22.6
17.0 22.8 22.8 22.8 23.0 22.8 22.7 22.9 22.9 22.8 23.0 23.0 22.9 23.1 23.0 22.9 23.0 23.1 22.9 22.8 23.0 23.0
16.0 23.9 24.1 24.2 24.1 23.8 24.0 24.0 23.9 23.7 23.6 23.7 23.5 23.5 23.7 23.6 23.5 23.6 23.5 23.4 23.4 23.6
15.0 24.4 24.4 24.4 24.4 24.5 24.4 24.4 24.3 24.4 24.2 24.5 24.4 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.7 24.7 24.7 24.7 24.8 24.7
14.0 25.0 24.9 25.1 25.1 25.1 25.1 25.3 25.3 25.2 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.2 25.2 25.3 25.2 25.3 25.3 25.3
13.0 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.3 26.2 26.3 26.3 26.4 26.3 26.2 26.3 26.4 26.3 26.3 26.0 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.2
12.0 27.4 27.5 27.6 27.4 27.3 27.4 27.3 27.4 27.3 27.1 27.3 27.1 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.5 27.4
11.0 28.1 28.2 28.1 28.1 27.9 27.9 28.0 28.0 27.9 28.0 28.1 28.0 27.9 28.0 27.7 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.0 28.0 27.7
10.0 30.2 30.1 29.9 30.0 29.8 29.9 29.7 29.8 29.6 29.4 29.3 29.3 29.2 29.1 29.0 29.0 29.2 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.2
 9.5 30.3 30.3 30.3 30.2 30.2 30.0 30.2 30.0 30.1 30.1 29.8 29.7 29.5 29.5 29.4 29.4 29.6 29.5 29.4 29.5 29.5
 9.0 30.3 30.3 30.6 30.1 30.1 30.3 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.2 30.0 30.0 29.8 29.8 29.8 29.8 29.9 29.8 30.0 30.1 30.1
 8.5 31.1 31.3 31.1 30.9 30.8 30.7 30.8 30.9 31.1 31.1 31.3 31.2 31.1 31.1 31.1 31.1 31.2 31.0 31.0 31.0 31.2
 8.0 32.2 32.5 32.6 32.4 32.6 32.4 32.6 32.3 32.6 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.2
 7.5 33.2 33.4 33.4 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.5 33.5 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.3 33.4 33.6 33.5 33.5 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.3
 7.0 34.6 34.6 34.5 34.3 34.4 34.4 34.5 34.4 34.6 34.6 34.6 34.7 34.6 34.8 34.7 34.3 34.6 34.6 34.5 34.7 34.8
 6.5 35.8 36.3 36.0 36.2 35.9 36.0 36.0 35.8 35.9 35.9 35.9 35.9 35.8 35.7 36.1 35.8 35.6 35.7 35.6 35.8 35.8
 6.0 37.5 37.6 37.6 37.5 37.6 37.5 37.5 37.3 37.2 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.2 37.2 37.3 37.2 37.1 37.0 37.2 37.0 37.1
                AZIMUTH, deg
      130  131  132  133  134  135  136  137  138  139  140  141  142  143  144  145  146  147  148  149  150
40.0 18.2 18.3 18.3 18.3 18.3 18.3 18.3 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.1 18.0 18.1 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.4 18.5 18.5 18.3 18.3
35.0 18.6 18.5 18.5 18.7 18.7 18.7 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.8 18.7 18.6 18.5 18.4 18.5 18.5 18.6 18.7 18.7 18.8 18.8
30.0 19.1 19.2 19.1 19.3 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.3 19.2 19.3 19.1 19.1 19.0 19.2 19.1 19.0 19.2 19.1 19.2 19.2 19.1
25.0 19.9 19.9 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.1 20.2 20.1 20.0 20.0 20.0 19.9 19.9 19.9 19.9 19.9 19.7 19.8 20.1 20.1 20.0
20.0 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.9 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.7 21.7 21.6 21.6 21.7 21.9 21.8 21.7 21.7
19.0 21.9 22.0 22.0 22.0 21.9 22.0 22.3 22.1 22.2 22.1 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.1 22.1 22.3 22.3 22.2 22.3 22.2 22.1
18.0 22.6 22.6 22.7 22.4 22.7 22.7 22.6 22.7 22.8 22.8 22.8 22.8 22.8 22.6 22.6 22.5 22.4 22.6 22.7 22.7 22.6
17.0 23.0 22.9 22.9 22.8 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.8 22.9 22.9 23.1 23.2 23.4 23.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 23.4 23.4 23.5 23.5
16.0 23.6 23.5 23.5 23.3 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.7 23.6 23.7 23.8 23.8 23.7 23.7 23.8 24.0 23.8 23.9 24.1 24.3 24.1
15.0 24.7 24.6 24.5 24.7 24.8 24.7 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.5 24.3 24.2 24.1 24.4 24.6 24.4 24.5 24.4 24.3 24.3 24.3
14.0 25.3 25.3 25.4 25.5 25.3 25.2 25.4 25.3 25.2 25.3 25.3 25.4 25.4 25.4 25.6 25.5 25.5 25.6 25.3 25.3 25.2
13.0 26.2 26.1 26.1 26.3 26.4 26.3 26.2 26.4 26.3 26.3 26.3 26.4 26.2 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.2 26.4 26.3 26.3 26.3
12.0 27.4 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.2 27.4 27.2 27.4 27.1 27.2 27.0 27.0 26.9 27.1 26.9 27.1 26.8 26.9 26.8 27.0 27.2
11.0 27.7 28.0 28.1 27.9 27.8 27.9 28.1 28.2 28.6 28.7 28.6 28.7 28.8 28.9 28.9 28.8 28.8 28.7 28.9 28.8 28.7
10.0 29.2 29.3 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.3 29.3 29.2 29.1 29.2 29.2 29.1 29.1 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.3 29.4
 9.5 29.5 29.3 29.5 29.5 29.2 29.5 29.4 29.2 29.5 29.5 29.2 29.1 29.4 29.2 29.2 29.4 29.3 29.4 29.4 29.3 29.4
 9.0 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.3 30.6 30.4 30.4 30.6 30.6 30.6 30.4 30.4 30.6 30.6 30.5 30.4 30.5 30.4 30.1 30.3 30.1
 8.5 31.2 31.1 30.9 31.0 30.9 30.7 30.6 30.4 30.3 30.2 30.5 30.5 30.6 30.5 30.3 30.2 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.7
 8.0 32.2 31.9 31.7 31.9 31.8 31.9 31.8 31.7 31.6 31.5 31.5 32.0 31.6 31.5 31.3 31.8 31.8 31.4 31.5 31.3 31.1
 7.5 33.3 33.4 33.3 33.1 33.1 33.0 32.9 32.5 32.8 32.6 32.8 32.7 32.8 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.7 32.6 32.7 32.7 32.7
 7.0 34.8 34.6 34.7 34.6 34.5 34.3 34.3 34.1 34.1 34.1 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.8 34.2 33.8 33.8 33.6 33.6 33.3 33.3
 6.5 35.8 35.8 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.6 35.7 35.6 35.7 35.5 35.4 35.5 35.4 35.6 35.6 35.4 35.4 35.3 35.2 35.2 35.2
 6.0 37.1 37.0 37.1 37.1 37.1 36.8 36.8 36.7 36.8 36.7 36.9 36.8 36.6 36.7 36.7 36.5 36.7 36.2 36.2 36.1 36.1


Table 10. DSS 63 Western Horizon S-Band Top (K) with SPD Cone
ELEV,           AZIMUTH, deg
deg   210  211  212  213  214  215  216  217  218  219  220  221  222  223  224  225  226  227  228  229  230
40.0 26.2 20.4 19.6 19.7 19.4 19.6 20.2 20.5 21.6 26.6 22.3 20.2 19.6 19.5 19.1 19.1 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.2 19.1
35.0 19.5 19.5 19.9 19.8 20.0 20.2 20.4 20.7 22.0 25.8 21.6 20.6 20.3 20.1 19.9 19.8 19.7 19.7 19.6 19.7 19.7
30.0 20.4 20.6 20.7 20.9 21.0 21.8 24.2 22.9 21.9 21.5 21.0 20.8 20.8 20.7 20.6 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.4 20.4 20.2
25.0 21.2 21.3 21.2 21.5 21.7 23.0 26.6 24.4 22.6 22.1 21.8 21.5 21.3 21.4 21.2 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 20.9
20.0 22.9 23.4 23.7 24.0 25.5 26.4 24.6 23.8 23.5 23.1 23.0 22.7 22.8 22.7 22.6 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.6 22.7 22.5
19.0 23.5 23.6 23.8 24.3 25.7 27.4 25.5 24.6 24.0 23.6 23.3 23.2 23.4 23.0 23.2 23.0 23.0 22.9 22.9 23.0 22.9
18.0 24.3 25.0 28.2 30.5 26.1 25.3 24.5 24.2 23.8 23.7 23.6 23.6 23.5 23.6 23.4 23.4 23.4 23.4 23.4 23.4 23.5
17.0 24.8 25.0 27.3 27.3 26.8 25.7 24.9 24.7 24.5 24.2 24.2 24.1 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 23.9 24.0 23.9
16.0 25.8 27.2 28.0 26.6 25.7 25.4 24.9 24.7 24.6 24.6 24.5 24.8 24.8 24.8 24.6 24.7 24.6 24.6 24.7 24.7 24.5
15.0 27.1 27.8 29.8 27.6 27.3 26.4 25.7 25.5 25.6 25.4 25.3 25.6 25.3 25.3 25.3 26.0 27.6 25.5 25.1 25.2 25.0
14.0 29.5 35.3 28.7 26.9 26.6 26.3 26.3 26.0 26.2 26.0 26.1 26.1 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.1 26.0 26.1
13.0 35.0 42.1 30.3 28.1 27.5 27.4 27.0 26.8 27.0 26.8 26.8 26.9 26.7 26.8 26.9 27.0 26.9 26.8 26.9 26.8 26.8
12.0 30.7 29.6 28.6 28.2 27.9 27.9 27.7 27.5 27.7 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.6 27.7 27.8 27.7 27.8 27.8
11.0 31.3 30.8 29.8 29.2 28.9 28.7 28.4 28.4 28.6 28.5 28.5 28.6 28.5 28.5 28.5 28.4 28.4 28.7 28.6 28.6 28.6
10.0 29.8 29.9 29.8 29.6 29.5 29.4 29.3 29.4 29.3 29.4 29.5 29.4 29.3 29.7 29.5 29.5 29.4 29.5 29.5 29.7 29.7
 9.5 30.6 30.4 30.2 30.3 30.1 30.1 30.1 30.1 30.2 30.1 30.3 30.3 30.0 30.0 30.6 30.3 30.1 30.3 30.4 30.2 30.2
 9.0 30.9 30.9 30.8 30.7 30.9 30.6 30.8 30.7 30.8 30.7 31.1 30.8 30.7 30.7 30.9 30.8 30.9 30.7 31.1 30.8 31.0
 8.5 31.5 31.5 31.4 31.6 31.7 31.5 31.4 31.5 31.4 31.4 31.3 31.3 31.2 31.2 31.3 31.3 31.2 31.4 31.3 31.3 31.3
 8.0 32.3 32.1 31.9 32.3 32.1 32.1 32.2 31.9 32.4 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.4 32.3 32.0 32.2 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5
 7.5 33.1 33.2 32.9 33.5 33.0 33.0 33.3 33.0 32.9 33.4 33.2 33.3 33.2 33.1 33.4 33.5 33.2 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.5
 7.0 33.9 34.5 33.8 34.3 34.3 34.1 34.0 34.0 34.3 34.3 34.6 34.3 34.3 34.5 34.7 34.8 34.6 34.7 34.7 34.5 34.5
 6.5 34.4 34.2 34.7 34.8 34.7 34.8 34.4 34.5 34.4 34.8 34.5 34.9 34.8 34.7 35.0 35.2 35.2 35.3 35.2 35.2 35.4
 6.0 35.4 35.3 35.7 36.2 35.5 35.9 35.8 35.8 36.1 36.6 36.7 36.3 36.8 36.9 36.9 37.0 37.1 36.9 37.2 37.3 37.1
                AZIMUTH, deg
      230  231  232  233  234  235  236  237  238  239  240  241  242  243  244  245  246  247  248  249  250
40.0 19.1 19.0 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.9 18.8 18.8 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 18.9 19.0
35.0 19.7 19.5 19.6 19.4 19.3 19.5 19.4 19.3 19.5 19.4 19.2 19.2 19.4 19.4 19.2 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.2 19.2
30.0 20.2 20.3 20.2 20.2 20.3 20.2 20.2 20.1 20.1 20.0 20.1 20.0 19.9 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.1 20.0 20.2 20.2 20.2
25.0 20.9 20.9 21.2 21.1 20.8 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 20.9 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.0 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.1 21.0
20.0 22.5 22.6 22.7 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.5 22.9 22.7 22.7 22.6 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.7 22.8
19.0 22.9 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.2 23.1 23.2 23.2 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.1 23.2 23.2 23.2
18.0 23.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 23.6 23.6 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.8 23.8 23.9 23.8 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.7 23.8 23.8 23.8
17.0 23.9 23.9 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.1 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.3 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.2 24.3 24.3
16.0 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.7 24.7 24.8 24.8 24.8 24.8 24.9 24.7 24.7 24.6 24.6 24.7 24.8 24.9 24.8 24.9 24.9 24.9
15.0 25.0 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.1 25.3 25.2 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.6 25.4 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.6 25.6 25.6 25.5 25.7 25.6
14.0 26.1 26.0 26.1 26.1 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.3 26.2 26.3 26.4 26.3 26.3 26.3 26.4 26.4 26.4 26.5 26.6 26.5 26.6
13.0 26.8 26.9 26.8 26.8 26.8 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.9 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.1 27.2 27.2 27.3
12.0 27.8 27.6 27.7 27.7 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.8 27.9 28.0 27.9 27.9 27.9 27.9 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.1 28.1 28.2 28.2
11.0 28.6 28.6 28.5 28.5 28.6 28.5 28.6 28.8 28.7 28.7 28.9 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.9 28.9 28.9 28.9 29.0 29.0
10.0 29.7 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.6 29.6 29.6 29.7 29.8 29.9 29.8 29.8 29.9 29.9 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.1 30.1 30.1
 9.5 30.2 30.4 30.3 30.3 30.3 30.3 30.2 30.5 30.4 30.4 30.6 30.5 30.6 30.6 30.6 30.7 30.8 30.7 30.6 30.7 30.7
 9.0 31.0 30.8 31.0 30.9 31.1 31.0 31.0 31.1 31.1 31.3 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.3 31.4 31.4 31.4 31.4 31.4 31.5 31.6
 8.5 31.3 31.3 31.5 31.5 31.4 31.5 31.6 31.7 31.6 31.8 31.8 32.0 31.8 31.9 32.1 32.0 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.4
 8.0 32.5 32.4 32.5 32.4 32.3 32.5 32.7 32.7 32.8 32.9 32.8 32.9 32.9 33.0 32.9 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.3 33.5
 7.5 33.5 33.3 33.1 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.8 33.9 34.0 33.9 34.1 34.3 34.2 34.7 34.5 34.6 34.5 34.6 34.7
 7.0 34.5 34.6 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.7 34.5 34.6 34.7 34.9 35.1 35.4 35.4 35.5 35.6 35.8 36.1 36.3 36.5 36.4 36.5
 6.5 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.7 36.0 35.9 36.0 35.8 35.3 35.7 35.8 36.2 36.5 36.8 37.2 37.9 39.0 42.3 45.9 44.5 39.2
 6.0 37.1 37.2 37.1 37.0 37.3 37.3 37.2 37.5 37.5 37.9 38.4 39.2 41.6 47.5 49.4 57.4 89.6  113  122  118  105


Table 11. Recommended Minimum Operating Carrier Signal Levels (dBm)+
  Band, LNA, and                                Receiver Effective Noise Bandwidth (BL) (Hz)*
  Configuration                                     0.25      1.0      2.0     20.0     200
L-Band
LNA-1 or 2                                        -181.4   -175.4   -172.3   -162.3  -152.3
S-Band Ultracone
DSS 43                                            -183.9   -177.9   -174.9   -164.9  -154.9
S-Band LNA-1, Non-diplexed
DSS 14                                            -182.8   -176.8   -173.8   -163.8  -153.8
DSS 43                                            -182.7   -176.7   -173.7   -163.7  -153.7
DSS 63                                            -182.3   -176.3   -173.3   -163.3  -153.3
S-Band LNA-1, Diplexed
DSS 14                                            -181.7   -175.7   -172.7   -162.7  -152.7
DSS 43                                            -181.6   -175.6   -172.6   -162.6  -152.6
DSS 63                                            -181.4   -175.3   -172.3   -162.3  -152.3
S-Band LNA-2, Non-diplexed
DSS 14                                            -181.6   -175.5   -172.5   -162.5  -152.5
DSS 43                                            -181.5   -175.5   -172.5   -162.5  -152.5
DSS 63                                            -181.2   -175.2   -172.2   -162.2  -152.2
S-Band LNA-2, Diplexed
DSS 14                                            -180.7   -174.7   -171.7   -161.7  -151.7
DSS 43                                            -180.7   -174.6   -171.6   -161.6  -151.6
DSS 63                                            -180.4   -174.4   -171.4   -161.4  -151.4
X-Band LNA-1 and LNA 2, S/X
Dichroic In-place
DSS 14 (XTR feedcone)                             -182.2   -176.2   -173.2   -163.2  -153.2
DSS 43 (XTR feedcone)                             -182.1   -176.1   -173.1   -163.1  -153.1
DSS 63 (XRO feedcone)                             -181.4   -175.4   -172.4   -162.4  -152.4
X-Band LNA-1 and LNA 2, S/X
Dichroic Retracted
DSS 14                                            -182.4   -176.4   -173.4   -163.4  -153.4
DSS 43                                            -182.3   -176.3   -173.3   -163.3  -153.3
+ Levels are referenced to LNA input terminals with nominal zenith system noise,
including 25% weather.
* Bandwidths are centered about the received carrier.


Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram of DSS 14 and DSS 43 Microwave and Transmitter Equipment
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 2. Functional Block Diagram of DSS 63 Microwave and Transmitter Equipment
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 3. S-Band Receive Gain Versus Elevation Angle, All Stations
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 4. Predicted X-Band Receive Gain Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 14
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 5. Predicted X-Band Receive Gain Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 43
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 6. X-Band Receive Gain Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 63 Antenna
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 7. L-Band System Noise Temperature, All Stations
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 8. S-Band System Noise Temperature Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 14,
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 9. Eastern Horizon S-Band System Noise Temperature at 6 degree Elevation Angle
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 10. Western Horizon S-Band System Noise Temperature at 6 degree Elevation Angle
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 11. Predicted X-Band System Noise Temperature Versus Elevation Angle,
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 12. Predicted X-Band System Noise Temperature Versus Elevation Angle,
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 13. X-Band System Noise Temperature Versus Elevation Angle, DSS 63
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 14. L-Band and S-Band Pointing Loss Versus Pointing Error
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)

Figure 15. X-Band Pointing Loss Versus Pointing Error
(Figure omitted from text-only version of document)


Appendix A
Equations for Modeling

A.1 Equations for Gain Versus Elevation Angle
The following equation can be used to generate L-band receive, S-band transmit,
and S-band receive gain versus elevation angle curves for all stations and X-band receive gain
versus elevation angle curves for DSS 63. Examples of these curves are shown in Figures 3 and
6. See paragraph 2.1.1.1 for frequency effect modeling and module 105 for atmospheric
attenuation at weather conditions other than 0%, 50%, and 90% cumulative distribution.
G(theta) = G_0 - G_1(cos(gamma) - cos(theta))^2
           - G_2(sin(gamma) - sin(theta))^2 - A_ZEN/sin(theta), dBi (1)
where
theta = antenna elevation angle (deg.) 6 <= theta <= 90
G_0, G_1, G_2, gamma = parameters from Table A-1
A_ZEN = zenith atmospheric attenuation, dB, from Table A-2 or from Table 2 in module 105.

The following equation can be used to generate X-band transmit and receive gain
versus elevation curves for DSS 14 and DSS 43. Examples of these curves are shown in Figures
4 and 5. See paragraph 2.1.1.1 for frequency effect modeling and module 105 for atmospheric
attenuation at weather conditions other than 0%, 50%, and 90% cumulative distribution.

G(theta) = G_0 - G_1(theta - gamma)^2 - A_ZEN/sin(theta), dBi (2)
where
theta = antenna elevation angle (deg.) 6 <= theta <= 90
G_0, G_1, gamma = parameters from Table A-1
A_ZEN = zenith atmospheric attenuation, dB, from Table A-2 or from Table 2 in module 105.


A.2 Equations for System Temperature Versus Elevation Angle
The following equation can be used to generate L-band and S-band system
temperature versus elevation angle curves for all stations and X- band system temperature versus
elevation angle for DSS 63. Examples of these curves are shown in Figures 7, 8, and 13. See
module 105 for atmospheric attenuation at weather conditions other than 0%, 50%, and 90%
cumulative distribution.

T_op(theta) = T_1 + T_2 * exp(-a/(90.001-theta)) + (255 + 25CD)(1 - 1/(10^(A_ZEN/(10sin(theta))))), K (3)
where
theta = antenna elevation angle (deg.), 6 <= theta <= 90
T_1, T_2, a = parameters from Table A-3
CD = cumulative distribution used to select A_ZEN from Table A-2 or from Table 2 in module 105, 0 < CD < 0.99
A_ZEN = zenith atmospheric attenuation for selected CD from Table A-2 or from Table 2 in module 105, dB.

The following equation can be used to generate X-band system temperature
versus elevation curves for DSS 14 and DSS 43. Examples of these curves were shown in
Figures 11 and 12. See module 105 for atmospheric attenuation at weather conditions other than
0%, 50%, and 90% cumulative distribution.

T_op(theta) = T_1 + T_2 * exp(a * theta) + (255 + 25CD)(1 - 1/(10^(A_ZEN/(10sin(theta))))), K (4)
where
theta = antenna elevation angle (deg.), 6 <= theta <= 90
T_1, T_2, a = parameters from A-3
CD = cumulative distribution used to select A_ZEN from Table A-2 or from Table 2 in module 105, 0 < CD < 0.99
A_ZEN = zenith atmospheric attenuation for selected CD from Table A-2 or from Table 2 in module 105, dB.


A.3 Equation for Gain Reduction Versus Pointing Error
The following equation can be used to generate gain-reduction versus pointing
error curves, examples of which are depicted in Figures 14 and 15.
delta G(theta) = 10log(exp((2.773 * theta^2)/HPBW^2)), dBi
where
theta = pointing error
HPBW = half-power beamwidth in degrees (from Tables 1 or 2).


Table A-1. Vacuum Component of Gain Parameters
Configuration and Stations                    Parameters
                                           G0 (Transmit)    G0 (Receive)       G1      G2      gamma
L-Band, All Stations                                   -           60.01    0.088   0.104      46.27
S-Band, All Stations                                62.7           63.34    0.088   0.104      46.27
X-Band, S/X Configuration*
DSS 14                                              72.9            74.1  0.00021       -       45.0
DSS 43                                              72.9            74.1  0.00045       -       45.0
DSS 63                                                 -           74.28     1.49   1.766      46.83
X-Band, X-Only Configuration*
DSS 14                                              72.9            74.3  0.00021       -       45.0
DSS 43                                              72.9            74.3  0.00045       -       45.0

Notes:
* DSS 14 and DSS 43 X-band parameters are for predicted performance. Model for DSS 14
and DSS 43 X-band performance is different from model used for other frequency bands and
for DSS 63. See Equations (1) and (2).
+ G_0 values are nominal at the frequency specified in Table 1 or Table 2. Other parameters
apply to all frequencies within the same band.

Table A-2. Zenith Atmosphere Attenuation Above Vacuum (A_ZEN)
Weather Condition+                            A_ZEN, dB*
                                                    L-Band         S-Band           X-Band
                                              All Stations   All Stations   DSS 14  DSS 43   DSS 63
Vacuum                                               0.000          0.000    0.000   0.000    0.000
CD = 0.00                                            0.034          0.034    0.037   0.040    0.038
CD = 0.50                                            0.033          0.033    0.040   0.048    0.045
CD = 0.90                                            0.033          0.033    0.047   0.059    0.053
Notes:
* From Table 2 in module 105, L- and S-band values are average for all stations.
+ CD = cumulative distribution.

Table A-3. Vacuum Component of System Noise Temperature Parameters
Configuration and Stations                    Parameters
                                                      T1          T2          a
L-Band, All Stations                                19.0      101.95        285
S-Band, DSS 14, SPD Cone, Non-diplexed+            13.35      101.95        285
S-Band, DSS 43, SPD Cone, Non-diplexed+            13.75      101.95        285
S-Band, DSS 63, SPD Cone, Non-diplexed+            15.05      101.95        285
S-Band, DSS 14, SPD Cone, Diplexed+                17.65      101.95        285
S-Band, DSS 43, SPD Cone, Diplexed+                14.05      101.95        285
S-Band, DSS 63, SPD Cone, Diplexed+                19.35      101.95        285
S-Band, DSS 43, Ultracone                          9.78       101.95        285
X-Band, DSS 14, X-Only Configuration               14.2          6.8      0.065
X-Band, DSS 14, S/X Configuration                  15.1          6.8      0.065
X-Band, DSS 43, X-Only Configuration               14.56         6.4       0.07
X-Band, DSS 43, S/X Configuration                  15.78        10.0       0.10
X-Band, DSS 63, S/X Configuration                  18.39      122.43      241.5
Notes:
* Model for DSS 14 and DSS 43 X-band System Noise Temperature, Equation (4), is different
from model used at other frequency bands and for DSS 63, Equation (3).
+ S-band noise temperature parameters are for LNA 1. Increase T1 by 5.0 K for LNA-2